94,528 research outputs found
Modelling source- and target-language syntactic Information as conditional context in interactive neural machine translation
In interactive machine translation (MT),
human translators correct errors in auto-
matic translations in collaboration with the
MT systems, which is seen as an effective
way to improve the productivity gain in
translation. In this study, we model source-
language syntactic constituency parse and
target-language syntactic descriptions in
the form of supertags as conditional con-
text for interactive prediction in neural
MT (NMT). We found that the supertags
significantly improve productivity gain in
translation in interactive-predictive NMT
(INMT), while syntactic parsing somewhat
found to be effective in reducing human
efforts in translation. Furthermore, when
we model this source- and target-language
syntactic information together as the con-
ditional context, both types complement
each other and our fully syntax-informed
INMT model shows statistically significant
reduction in human efforts for a Frenchâ
toâEnglish translation task in a reference-
simulated setting, achieving 4.30 points
absolute (corresponding to 9.18% relative)
improvement in terms of word prediction
accuracy (WPA) and 4.84 points absolute
(corresponding to 9.01% relative) reduc-
tion in terms of word stroke ratio (WSR)
over the baseline
Analysis of Vocal Disorders in a Feature Space
This paper provides a way to classify vocal disorders for clinical
applications. This goal is achieved by means of geometric signal separation in
a feature space. Typical quantities from chaos theory (like entropy,
correlation dimension and first lyapunov exponent) and some conventional ones
(like autocorrelation and spectral factor) are analysed and evaluated, in order
to provide entries for the feature vectors. A way of quantifying the amount of
disorder is proposed by means of an healthy index that measures the distance of
a voice sample from the centre of mass of both healthy and sick clusters in the
feature space. A successful application of the geometrical signal separation is
reported, concerning distinction between normal and disordered phonation.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Medical Engineering
& Physic
Software project economics: A roadmap
The objective of this paper is to consider research progress in the field of software project economics with a view to identifying important challenges and promising research directions. I argue that this is an important sub-discipline since this will underpin any cost-benefit analysis used to justify the resourcing, or otherwise, of a software project. To accomplish this I conducted a bibliometric analysis of peer reviewed research articles to identify major areas of activity. My results indicate that the primary goal of more accurate cost prediction systems remains largely unachieved. However, there are a number of new and promising avenues of research including: how we can combine results from primary studies, integration of multiple predictions and applying greater emphasis upon the human aspects of prediction tasks. I conclude that the field is likely to remain very challenging due to the people-centric nature of software engineering, since it is in essence a design task. Nevertheless the need for good economic models will grow rather than diminish as software becomes increasingly ubiquitous
Spectral Simplicity of Apparent Complexity, Part I: The Nondiagonalizable Metadynamics of Prediction
Virtually all questions that one can ask about the behavioral and structural
complexity of a stochastic process reduce to a linear algebraic framing of a
time evolution governed by an appropriate hidden-Markov process generator. Each
type of question---correlation, predictability, predictive cost, observer
synchronization, and the like---induces a distinct generator class. Answers are
then functions of the class-appropriate transition dynamic. Unfortunately,
these dynamics are generically nonnormal, nondiagonalizable, singular, and so
on. Tractably analyzing these dynamics relies on adapting the recently
introduced meromorphic functional calculus, which specifies the spectral
decomposition of functions of nondiagonalizable linear operators, even when the
function poles and zeros coincide with the operator's spectrum. Along the way,
we establish special properties of the projection operators that demonstrate
how they capture the organization of subprocesses within a complex system.
Circumventing the spurious infinities of alternative calculi, this leads in the
sequel, Part II, to the first closed-form expressions for complexity measures,
couched either in terms of the Drazin inverse (negative-one power of a singular
operator) or the eigenvalues and projection operators of the appropriate
transition dynamic.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables; current version always at
http://csc.ucdavis.edu/~cmg/compmech/pubs/sdscpt1.ht
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