La modularité produit et chaîne logistique dans un contexte collaboratif et durable : revue de littérature et cadre conceptuel

International audienceAujourd'hui, l'entreprise se trouve face à de nouveaux enjeux socioéconomiques, de nouvelles contraintes réglementaires et des aspirations louables de ses collaborateurs et de l'opinion publique. Elle doit être profitable et seule l'innovation qui crée les richesses peut assurer sa pérennité. Néanmoins, elle se doit d'intégrer les préoccupations sociales et environnementales dans ses activités et ses interactions avec l'ensemble des parties prenantes. Notre approche résulte d'un équilibre entre les différents aspects (2ES) : Economique, Environnemental et Social pris en compte lors de la conception conjointe d'un produit et de la chaîne logistique associée. Cet article vise l'établissement d'une approche concourante, facilitant l'optimisation de la conception conjointe dans un contexte durable avec une forte considération de la collaboration et de la modularité de produit et de la chaîne logistique. Pour mieux positionner notre contribution nous dressons une revue de littérature avec un focus sur l'ingénierie concourante et le développement durable et nous définissons un cadre conceptuel de nos travaux de recherche

Assessment of barriers to the implementation of intelligent (smart) logistics on the example of selected systems among manufacturing companies in Poland

Purpose: The development of intelligent logistics is the result of implementations made under the idea known as Industry 4.0. Intelligent logistics includes many systems whose task is to improve the efficiency of logistics processes. Despite many advantages, Polish enterprises are not willing to apply these solutions in practice. This is due to the existence of barriers that effectively limit the implementation of these systems. The article aims to identify barriers and assess their negative significance in the process of ISL implementation in the context of intelligent logistics. Design/methodology/approach: The research was conducted in 2020 on a sample of 2,500 enterprises operating in Poland. An original questionnaire prepared for this study was used. The researchers used statistical summaries of structure indices to answer the researchers' questions. The Kruskal-Wallis test and the t-Student test were used to verify the hypotheses. Findings: The results show that the barriers have a important negative impact on the decisions of enterprises regarding the implementation of intelligent systems in logistics. To a large extent, the level of impact depends on many factors (the size and age of the enterprise, the type of barrier or the number of implemented systems). Internal barriers are more negative than external ones. The conclusions clearly indicate that the greatest obstacles exist inside the entities - the importance of external barriers, i.e., those coming from the environment, are less important. Practical Implications: The posted results are important for scientists and practitioners dealing with logistics or directly related to the use of cyber-physical systems in production and logistics processes. Originality/value: Recognition of the negative importance of barriers in the implementation of intelligent systems in logistics among Polish manufacturing companies.peer-reviewe

Conception conjointe des nomenclatures et de la chaîne logistique pour une famille de produits : outils d'optimisation et analyse

RÉSUMÉ : Le travail de thèse présenté dans ce mémoire porte sur des méthodes d’optimisation pour la conception conjointe des nomenclatures d’une famille de produits et de sa chaîne logistique. Dans les milieux industriels comme dans les services, le contexte commercial très concurrentiel oblige les entreprises à diversifier leurs offres pour mieux répondre aux demandes de leurs clients. La gestion de cette diversité est alors une problématique centrale : comment proposer une large variété de produits pour satisfaire les besoins des clients tout en maîtrisant les coûts de production, d’inventaire et de logistique? Les réponses à problème relèvent des disciplines habituellement séparées : la conception des produits, la production et la logistique. Si une majorité des approches existantes traitent ces problématiques de façon séquentielle, l’interdisciplinarité apparaît cependant comme un élément essentiel dans la gestion de la diversité. L’objectif de cette thèse est de chercher comment améliorer les interactions entre la conception de familles de produits et l’optimisation des réseaux logistiques en proposant une étape de conception intermédiaire et en développant des outils mathématiques, avec un intérêt pariculier porté aux problématiques de développement durable.-----------ABSTRACT This PhD thesis addresses the problem of joint bills-of-materials and supply chain design for a product family. In industry as well as in services, the highly competitive business environment obliges companies to diversify their offers to meet the demands of their customers. Then, managing diversity is a central issue: how to offer a wide variety of products to meet customer needs while controlling costs of production, inventory and logistics? Answers to theses problems are usually in separate disciplines: product design, production and logistics. If most of existing approaches tackle these problems sequentially, interdisciplinarity, however, appears as a key aspect of diversity management. The objective of this thesis is to investigate how to improve the interaction between product families design and supply chain optimization and to develop mathematical tools, with a focus on sustainable development

Green Supply Chain Network Design with Emission Sensitive Demand

Over the last few decades, the argument for a link between greenhouse gas emissions and global warming has become stronger. In response, there has been a global shift. Politicians are implementing carbon policies while consumers are becoming more aware of their own impact on the environment. This thesis explores how environmental policies and consumer awareness impact supply chain network design and provides a new modelling framework in which demand is dependent on carbon footprint. In the first part of the thesis, a comprehensive literature review on green supply chain network design between 2010 and mid 2017 is presented. The review focuses on models and methodologies that explicitly include carbon emissions and environmental policies. It is evident that incorporating carbon policy is popular, particularly carbon cap, carbon offset, cap-and-trade, and carbon tax. By reconfiguring the supply chain and investing in lower-emitting resources, each policy is able to achieve significant emission reduction with marginal increase in total cost. This is achieved by reconfiguring the supply chain and investing in lower-emitting resources. The review finds that there is a lack of models that consider the complex nature of emissions. Other complexities, such as multivariate emissions and uncertainty, are considered in only a few papers. Most importantly, however, it is clear that demand as a function of supply chain emissions is rarely accounted for in supply chain network design literature. In the second part, a two echelon supply chain with emission sensitive demand is considered. A new model is provided that determines at which points investments in lower emitting technologies at the warehouses is necessary. Being nonlinear due to the complex carbon footprint constraint, the resulting model is first reformulated as a second-order cone program, and is tested on a hypothetical e-commerce supply chain. The results illustrate that without proper response to consumer preferences, companies will lose out on revenue. It also illustrates investments are made at clear points as consumer sensitivity to emissions increases, rather than continuously. This work is important for e-commerce companies who wish to set themselves apart from competitors by catering to environmentally conscious consumers. The third part of the thesis presents a new model for green supply chain network design with emission sensitive demand. The supply chain is composed of one plant and multiple warehouses that serve multiple customer zones. Decisions pertaining to the technology type used at the plant, the location and technology of the warehouses, the assignment of customer zones to warehouses, and the flow between the different echelons are modelled. In addition, demand is modelled as a function of carbon footprint. The resulting model is nonlinear due to the carbon footprint constraint. To be able to solve it, we reformulate the problem as a second-order cone program. To test the model and draw insights from it, we build a hypothetical, but realistic potato chip supply chain located in the province of Ontario, Canada. The testing confirms the ability of the model to trade-off between demand and emissions for environmentally conscious customers and provides insight into to how companies could advertise carbon footprint information to capture demand, and their potential impact on the supply chain

Environmental constraints in joint product and supply chain design optimization

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