LAD- ja WIBA-energiailmaisumenetelmien suorituskyky BPSK-signaalille

Tiivistelmä. Tässä työssä tutkittiin LAD- ja WIBA-energiailmaisumenetelmien suorituskykyjä BPSK-signaalille erilaisissa tilanteissa. Tilanteita olivat signaalin sijainnin muuttaminen suhteessa WIBA-menetelmän ikkunoihin, sekä ilmaisutodennäköisyyden muuttaminen molemmille menetelmille. Lisäksi saatiin tietoa signaalin leveyden vaikutuksesta sekä LAD- että WIBA-menetelmän suorituskykyyn. Tutkimus tehtiin käyttämällä MatLab-ohjelmaa simuloimalla kohinaista BPSK-signaalia. Tutkimuksen motiivina oli tuottaa molemmista ilmaisumenetelmistä käyttö- ja vertailukelpoista dataa, mitä voidaan hyödyntää jatkotutkimuksessa, sekä tulevaisuudessa tietoliikenneverkostojen luotettavuuden parantamisessa. Tuloksista havaittiin WIBA-ikkunan sijoittelulla olevan pieni, enintään noin 1 dB (SNR-tasossa), ero suorituskyvyissä, kun verrattiin huonointa sijoittelua parhaimpaan mahdolliseen. Simuloimalla myös eri signaalin leveyksillä, pystyttiin toteamaan WIBA-menetelmän olevan tehokkaampi kapeilla kaistanleveyksillä. Erot eivät olleet kuitenkaan kovin suuria, vain muutaman desibelin luokkaa. Ilmaisutodennäköisyyden muuttamista tutkittaessa huomattiin erojen olevan käytännössä olemattomat WIBA-signaalille, johtuen signaalin täydellisestä sijoittelusta näissä simulaatioissa. LAD-menetelmän tapauksessa erot olivat merkittäviä. Väljimmästä ilmaisutodennäköisyydestä tiukimpaan oli eroa SNR-tasossa toistuvasti 11–13 dB, riippuen signaalin kaistanleveydestä. LAD-menetelmässä vaadittu SNR-arvo hyvään (Pd=0.9) ilmaisuun nousi lähes 10 dB, kun signaalin kaistanleveys muuttui 5 %:sta 20 %:iin kokonaiskaistanleveydestä.Performance of LAD and WIBA energy detection methods for BPSK signal. Abstract. In this thesis, the performance of LAD and WIBA energy detection methods for a BPSK modulated signal was studied in different environments. The situations included changing the position of the signal in relation to the WIBA-windows and changing the definition of the detection probability for both methods. Additionally, information about the effect of signal width on the performance of both the LAD and WIBA methods was received. The study was performed using MatLab by simulating a BPSK-signal with noise. The motive of the study was to produce usable and comparable data from both detection methods, which can be utilized in further inspection, as well as be used for improving the reliability of telecommunication networks in the future. From the results, it was found that the effects of moving the signal in relation to the WIBA-windows to be small, at most 1 dB (in SNR-level) difference in performance between the worst- and best-case scenario. By simulating different signal widths, it was found that the WIBA-method performs better at narrower signal widths. The differences were not very large, at most a few decibels. While changing the definition of the detection probability, the effects for WIBA-method were found to be insignificant, due to the perfect window positioning. In the case of the LAD method, the changes were significant. Between the loosest and strictest definitions, the difference in SNR-level was repeatedly between 11–13 dB, depending on the signal bandwidth. In the LAD-method the required SNR value for good detection (Pd=0.9) increased by almost 10 dB when the signal bandwidth was increased from 5 % to 20 % of the total bandwidth

Unmanned aerial vehicle communications for civil applications: a review

The use of drones, formally known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), has significantly increased across a variety of applications over the past few years. This is due to the rapid advancement towards the design and production of inexpensive and dependable UAVs and the growing request for the utilization of such platforms particularly in civil applications. With their intrinsic attributes such as high mobility, rapid deployment and flexible altitude, UAVs have the potential to be utilized in many wireless system applications. On the one hand, UAVs are able to operate as flying mobile terminals within wireless/cellular networks to support a variety of missions such as goods delivery, search and rescue, precision agriculture monitoring, and remote sensing. On the other hand, UAVs can be utilized as aerial base stations to increase wireless communication coverage, reliability, and the capacity of wireless systems without additional investment in wireless systems infrastructure. The aim of this article is to review the current applications of UAVs for civil and commercial purposes. The focus of this paper is on the challenges and communication requirements associated with UAV-based communication systems. This article initially classifies UAVs in terms of various parameters, some of which can impact UAVs’ communication performance. It then provides an overview of aerial networking and investigates UAVs routing protocols specifically, which are considered as one of the challenges in UAV communication. This article later investigates the use of UAV networks in a variety of civil applications and considers many challenges and communication demands of these applications. Subsequently, different types of simulation platforms are investigated from a communication and networking viewpoint. Finally, it identifies areas of future research

Advanced Trends in Wireless Communications

Physical limitations on wireless communication channels impose huge challenges to reliable communication. Bandwidth limitations, propagation loss, noise and interference make the wireless channel a narrow pipe that does not readily accommodate rapid flow of data. Thus, researches aim to design systems that are suitable to operate in such channels, in order to have high performance quality of service. Also, the mobility of the communication systems requires further investigations to reduce the complexity and the power consumption of the receiver. This book aims to provide highlights of the current research in the field of wireless communications. The subjects discussed are very valuable to communication researchers rather than researchers in the wireless related areas. The book chapters cover a wide range of wireless communication topics

Intelligent Circuits and Systems

ICICS-2020 is the third conference initiated by the School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering at Lovely Professional University that explored recent innovations of researchers working for the development of smart and green technologies in the fields of Energy, Electronics, Communications, Computers, and Control. ICICS provides innovators to identify new opportunities for the social and economic benefits of society.　 This conference bridges the gap between academics and R&D institutions, social visionaries, and experts from all strata of society to present their ongoing research activities and foster research relations between them. It provides opportunities for the exchange of new ideas, applications, and experiences in the field of smart technologies and finding global partners for future collaboration. The ICICS-2020 was conducted in two broad categories, Intelligent Circuits & Intelligent Systems and Emerging Technologies in Electrical Engineering

Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments

The demand for mobile connectivity is continuously increasing, and by 2020 Mobile and Wireless Communications will serve not only very dense populations of mobile phones and nomadic computers, but also the expected multiplicity of devices and sensors located in machines, vehicles, health systems and city infrastructures. Future Mobile Networks are then faced with many new scenarios and use cases, which will load the networks with different data traffic patterns, in new or shared spectrum bands, creating new specific requirements. This book addresses both the techniques to model, analyse and optimise the radio links and transmission systems in such scenarios, together with the most advanced radio access, resource management and mobile networking technologies. This text summarises the work performed by more than 500 researchers from more than 120 institutions in Europe, America and Asia, from both academia and industries, within the framework of the COST IC1004 Action on "Cooperative Radio Communications for Green and Smart Environments". The book will have appeal to graduates and researchers in the Radio Communications area, and also to engineers working in the Wireless industry. Topics discussed in this book include: • Radio waves propagation phenomena in diverse urban, indoor, vehicular and body environments• Measurements, characterization, and modelling of radio channels beyond 4G networks• Key issues in Vehicle (V2X) communication• Wireless Body Area Networks, including specific Radio Channel Models for WBANs• Energy efficiency and resource management enhancements in Radio Access Networks• Definitions and models for the virtualised and cloud RAN architectures• Advances on feasible indoor localization and tracking techniques• Recent findings and innovations in antenna systems for communications• Physical Layer Network Coding for next generation wireless systems• Methods and techniques for MIMO Over the Air (OTA) testin

Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments

The demand for mobile connectivity is continuously increasing, and by 2020 Mobile and Wireless Communications will serve not only very dense populations of mobile phones and nomadic computers, but also the expected multiplicity of devices and sensors located in machines, vehicles, health systems and city infrastructures. Future Mobile Networks are then faced with many new scenarios and use cases, which will load the networks with different data traffic patterns, in new or shared spectrum bands, creating new specific requirements. This book addresses both the techniques to model, analyse and optimise the radio links and transmission systems in such scenarios, together with the most advanced radio access, resource management and mobile networking technologies. This text summarises the work performed by more than 500 researchers from more than 120 institutions in Europe, America and Asia, from both academia and industries, within the framework of the COST IC1004 Action on "Cooperative Radio Communications for Green and Smart Environments". The book will have appeal to graduates and researchers in the Radio Communications area, and also to engineers working in the Wireless industry. Topics discussed in this book include: • Radio waves propagation phenomena in diverse urban, indoor, vehicular and body environments• Measurements, characterization, and modelling of radio channels beyond 4G networks• Key issues in Vehicle (V2X) communication• Wireless Body Area Networks, including specific Radio Channel Models for WBANs• Energy efficiency and resource management enhancements in Radio Access Networks• Definitions and models for the virtualised and cloud RAN architectures• Advances on feasible indoor localization and tracking techniques• Recent findings and innovations in antenna systems for communications• Physical Layer Network Coding for next generation wireless systems• Methods and techniques for MIMO Over the Air (OTA) testin

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Being infrastructure-less and without central administration control, wireless ad-hoc networking is playing a more and more important role in extending the coverage of traditional wireless infrastructure (cellular networks, wireless LAN, etc). This book includes state-of the-art techniques and solutions for wireless ad-hoc networks. It focuses on the following topics in ad-hoc networks: vehicular ad-hoc networks, security and caching, TCP in ad-hoc networks and emerging applications. It is targeted to provide network engineers and researchers with design guidelines for large scale wireless ad hoc networks

Fuzzy Logic

The capability of Fuzzy Logic in the development of emerging technologies is introduced in this book. The book consists of sixteen chapters showing various applications in the field of Bioinformatics, Health, Security, Communications, Transportations, Financial Management, Energy and Environment Systems. This book is a major reference source for all those concerned with applied intelligent systems. The intended readers are researchers, engineers, medical practitioners, and graduate students interested in fuzzy logic systems