Growth strategies and poverty reduction: the institutional complementarity hypothesis

This article starts from the limits of the policies that assume a significant de-connection between antipoverty strategies and the logic of the growth regime and that mainly rely upon market mechanisms. By contrast, a branch of the new institutional economics argues that a complete set of coordinating mechanisms is constitutive of really existing economies and that they are more complementary than substitute. The Institutional Complementarity Hypothesis (ICH) may be useful for analyzing simultaneously the antipoverty policies and the viability of growth regimes. The different brands of capitalism are the outcome of complementary institutions concerning competition, labor market institutions, welfare and innovation systems. Generally, such configurations cannot be emulated by poor developing countries, but reviewing the preliminary findings of the UNRISD country case studies suggests some common features to all successful experiments. Basically, antipoverty policies are efficient when they create the equivalent of virtuous circles within which growth entitles antipoverty programs and conversely these programs sustain the speed and stability of growth. Two methods are proposed in order to detect possible complementarities and design accordingly economic policies: the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) on one side, national growth diagnosis on the other side. A special attention is devoted to the timing of policies and the role of policy regimes. A brief conclusion wraps up the major findings and proposes a research agenda.development theory ; antipoverty policy ; Washington consensus ; new institutional economics ; institutional complementarity hypothesis ; qualitative comparative analysis ; growth diagnosis

Baghera Assessment Project, designing an hybrid and emergent educational society

Edited by Sophie Soury-Lavergne ; Available at: http://www-leibniz.imag.fr/LesCahiers/2003/Cahier81/BAP_CahiersLaboLeibniz.PDFResearch reportThe Baghera Assessment Project (BAP) has the objective to ex plore a new avenue for the design of e-Learning environments. The key features of BAP's approach are: (i) the concept of emergence in multi-agents systems as modelling framework, (ii) the shaping of a new theoretic al framework for modelling student knowledge, namely the cK¢ model. This new model has been constructed, based on the current research in cognitive science and education, to bridge research on education and research on the design of learning environments

Towards durable multistakeholder-generated solutions: The pilot application of a problem-oriented policy learning protocol to legality verification and community rights in Peru

This paper reports and reflects on the pilot application of an 11-step policy learning protocol that was developed by Cashore and Lupberger (2015) based on several years of Cashore’s multi-author collaborations. The protocol was applied for the first time in Peru in 2015 and 2016 by the IUFRO Working Party on Forest Policy Learning Architectures (hereinafter referred to as the project team). The protocol integrates insights from policy learning scholarship (Hall 1993, Sabatier 1999) with Bernstein and Cashore’s (2000, 2012) four pathways of influence framework. The pilot implementation in Peru focused on how global timber legality verification interventions might be harnessed to promote local land rights. Legality verification focuses attention on the checking and auditing of forest management units in order to verify that timber is harvested and traded in compliance with the law. We specifically asked: How can community legal ownership of, and access to, forestland and forest resources be enhanced? The protocol was designed as a dynamic tool, the implementation of which fosters iterative rather than linear processes. It directly integrated two objectives: 1) identifying the causal processes through which global governance initiatives might be harnessed to produce durable results ‘on the ground’; 2) generating insights and strategies in collaboration with relevant stakeholders. This paper reviews and critically evaluates our work in designing and piloting the protocol. We assess what seemed to work well and suggest modifications, including an original diagnostic framework for nurturing durable change. We also assess the implications of the pilot application of the protocol for policy implementation that works to enhance the influence of existing international policy instruments, rather than contributing to fragmentation and incoherence by creating new ones

Les métropoles à l'épreuve de leur récit politique

Comment s'exprime la violence symbolique du langage politique (et sur quelles rhétoriques dominantes) dans le processus contemporain de métropolisation? Nous avons mobilisé les résultats d'enquêtes récemment menées sur des politiques publiques dans les régions urbaines de Naples, Toronto, Montréal, Lyon, Strasbourg et Grenoble pour réfléchir à ce qui s'apparente à une mise à l'épreuve narrative du moment métropolitain. Nous faisons en effet le constat que les élites politiques (élus, fonctionnaires, experts) peinent à produire des discours audibles et légitimes au niveau intercommunal lorsqu'ils cherchent à énoncer des priorités d'action publique à cette échelle en matière d'aménagement, de développement ou de cohésion sociale. Dans les façons de raconter les métropoles, on observe à la fois une panne de sens (des rhétoriques politiques sans émotion) et une panne d'éloquence (des discours professionnels sans séduction). Pour comprendre comment ces déficits en récits politiques illustrent mais aussi expliquent la gouvernabilité incertaine, différenciée et inachevée des institutions urbaines, la communication se propose d'intégrer dans l'approche cognitive des politiques publiques les effets de contexte et de territorialité en mobilisant trois traditions analytiques (les Cultural Studies, la Narrative Policy Analysis et l'entrée par les émotions politiques). Cette combinatoire permet d'insister sur les processus de transcodage du bien commun local qui contrarient (plus qu'ils ne structurent) l'émergence d'un ordre politique à l'échelon métropolitain

Les métropoles à l'épreuve de leur récit politique

Comment s'exprime la violence symbolique du langage politique (et sur quelles rhétoriques dominantes) dans le processus contemporain de métropolisation? Nous avons mobilisé les résultats d'enquêtes récemment menées sur des politiques publiques dans les régions urbaines de Naples, Toronto, Montréal, Lyon, Strasbourg et Grenoble pour réfléchir à ce qui s'apparente à une mise à l'épreuve narrative du moment métropolitain. Nous faisons en effet le constat que les élites politiques (élus, fonctionnaires, experts) peinent à produire des discours audibles et légitimes au niveau intercommunal lorsqu'ils cherchent à énoncer des priorités d'action publique à cette échelle en matière d'aménagement, de développement ou de cohésion sociale. Dans les façons de raconter les métropoles, on observe à la fois une panne de sens (des rhétoriques politiques sans émotion) et une panne d'éloquence (des discours professionnels sans séduction). Pour comprendre comment ces déficits en récits politiques illustrent mais aussi expliquent la gouvernabilité incertaine, différenciée et inachevée des institutions urbaines, la communication se propose d'intégrer dans l'approche cognitive des politiques publiques les effets de contexte et de territorialité en mobilisant trois traditions analytiques (les Cultural Studies, la Narrative Policy Analysis et l'entrée par les émotions politiques). Cette combinatoire permet d'insister sur les processus de transcodage du bien commun local qui contrarient (plus qu'ils ne structurent) l'émergence d'un ordre politique à l'échelon métropolitain

The Political Economy Of Sanitation: How Can We Increase Investment and Improve Service For The Poor?

This report presents the results of a Global Economic and Sector Work (ESW) Study on the Political Economy of Sanitation in Brazil, India, Indonesia, and Senegal that was conducted by the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) and the World Bank. Its purpose is to help WSP and the World Bank -- through a better understanding of the political economy of sanitation -- in their efforts to support partner countries and development practitioners in the design, implementation, and effectiveness of operations that aim to provide pro-poor sanitation investments and services to improve health and hygiene outcomes

From the Street to Institutions through the App: Digitally Enabled Political Outcomes of the Spanish Indignados Movement

This article examines the relationship between social movements’ digital democratic innovations and political parties through a case study based on the involvement of 15M activists in the creation and development of new political parties in Spain. By analyzing the impact of certain technological activist groups on the implementation of the movement’s demands in terms of mechanisms of participation and deliberation in the new parties through the use of digital technologies, we aim to evaluate the activists’ contribution to the transformation of formal politics and the deepening of democracy. In this sense, we explore the role of so-called ‘tech activists’ as mediators of political participation, and the digital repertoire of action they use. Sources used include various documents and websites as well as interviews with key informants and notes from participant observation in meetings and assemblies

Moderating Political Extremism: Single Round vs Runoff Elections under Plurality Rule

We compare single ballot vs dual ballot elections under plurality rule, assuming sincere voting and allowing for partly endogenous party formation. Under the dual ballot, the number of parties is larger but the influence of extremist voters on equilibrium policy is smaller, because their bargaining power is reduced compared to a single ballot election. The predictions on the number of parties and on policy volatility are consistent with data on municipal elections in Italy, where cities with more (less) than 15,000 inhabitants have dual (single) ballots respectively.run-off, municipal elections, political bargaining, property