1,949 research outputs found
Critical phenomena in complex networks
The combination of the compactness of networks, featuring small diameters,
and their complex architectures results in a variety of critical effects
dramatically different from those in cooperative systems on lattices. In the
last few years, researchers have made important steps toward understanding the
qualitatively new critical phenomena in complex networks. We review the
results, concepts, and methods of this rapidly developing field. Here we mostly
consider two closely related classes of these critical phenomena, namely
structural phase transitions in the network architectures and transitions in
cooperative models on networks as substrates. We also discuss systems where a
network and interacting agents on it influence each other. We overview a wide
range of critical phenomena in equilibrium and growing networks including the
birth of the giant connected component, percolation, k-core percolation,
phenomena near epidemic thresholds, condensation transitions, critical
phenomena in spin models placed on networks, synchronization, and
self-organized criticality effects in interacting systems on networks. We also
discuss strong finite size effects in these systems and highlight open problems
and perspectives.Comment: Review article, 79 pages, 43 figures, 1 table, 508 references,
extende
Exploring the Highway Travel Patterns Affected by COVID-19 through Outbreak to Recovery Stages – A Case Study in Guizhou Province
The examination of highway travel behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic can provide valuable insights into the impacts of the pandemic and associated policies on human mobility patterns. This paper proposes a comprehensive examination, measurement and characterisation approach in the perspective of network and community structure. To capture the changes in travel behaviour, four stages were defined based on four consecutive Augusts from 2019 to 2022, during which varying levels of restrictions were implemented. The findings reveal interesting trends in travel patterns. In 2020, after the clearance of pandemic cases, there was a remarkable increase of over 10% in highway trips. However, in 2021, with the emergence of COVID-19 variants, there was a significant decline of over 30% in highway trips. By employing complex network analysis, key metrics of the primary network, including link weight, node flux and network connectivity, exhibited a notable decrease during the pandemic. These changes in network properties also reflect the spatial heterogeneity of highway travel demand. Moreover, the outcomes of community detection shed light on the evolution of the highway community structure, highlighting the efficacy of a community-collaboration strategy for highway management during public emergency events, as it fosters strong local interaction within the community
Door to door: Future of the vehicle future of the city
International audienceLes véhicules écologiques et la communication numérique embarquée, à l’ère des flux intelligents et de l’Internet des objets, transforment l’architecture et la ville contemporaines. Door to door, Futur du véhicule, futur urbain, repense les situations urbaines, théorise et imagine les modèles futurs de développement, les nouveaux programmes architecturaux qui en découlent. Il propose et présente les « espaces de l’accès », l’extension-multiplication de l’accessibilité « porte-à -porte » sur six métropoles européennes, et la fonction réparatrice de ces nouveaux outils de « l’auto-mobilité » communicante, résolvant par leur usage les dysfonctionnements urbains.Le parking devient un programme d’avenir pour l’architecture, tandis que le Véhicule Ecologique Communicant (VEC), un outil bientôt automate, ni bruyant, ni sale, côtoie humains, nature et animaux dans les bâtiments – le partage des présences et des activités dans un « grand espace commun ». Le VEC est l’exemple le plus puissant de l’interaction entre la pratique des territoires urbanisés et les TIC. Il est le marqueur le plus incisif du retour du modèle des flux pour penser l’urbain, sous une forme cohérente avec la demande ou les injonctions de la société des échanges et du partage qui s’est mise en marche : la mobilité-accessibilité est redevenue le programme premier, la structure du futur. Que devient l’urbain lorsque l’accès en est le trait le plus dominant ? Les « pôles d’accessibilité et d’échange » sont des dispositifs de transformation de la vie urbaine, qu’ils reconfigurent pour plus de confort et d’efficacité.L’arrivée des nouveaux véhicules accélère ainsi l’interférence entre l’urbanisme des usages et des services et l’urbanisme spatial. A ce niveau, les véhicules sont équivalents à des bâtiments
Traffic incident management: A common operational picture to support situational awareness of sustainable mobility
Successful traffic incident management presupposes a multi-disciplinary approach. To meet appropriately the safety and mobility needs of all affected parties, traffic incidents call for a high level of collaboration and coordination of involved agencies. Effective traffic incident management activities rely in particular on flexible communications and information systems. Based on experiences from the military domain it is possible to develop strategic concepts that are related to the improvement of information sharing and collaboration. Such concepts can also be applied to enhanced traffic incident management information systems. The present paper aims to offer a review of the state of the art in this field and to illustrate the empirical usefulness and benefits of traffic incident management
Cyber Security
This open access book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th China Annual Conference on Cyber Security, CNCERT 2022, held in Beijing, China, in August 2022. The 17 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 64 submissions. The papers are organized according to the following topical sections: ​​data security; anomaly detection; cryptocurrency; information security; vulnerabilities; mobile internet; threat intelligence; text recognition
Characterising and modeling the co-evolution of transportation networks and territories
The identification of structuring effects of transportation infrastructure on
territorial dynamics remains an open research problem. This issue is one of the
aspects of approaches on complexity of territorial dynamics, within which
territories and networks would be co-evolving. The aim of this thesis is to
challenge this view on interactions between networks and territories, both at
the conceptual and empirical level, by integrating them in simulation models of
territorial systems.Comment: Doctoral dissertation (2017), Universit\'e Paris 7 Denis Diderot.
Translated from French. Several papers compose this PhD thesis; overlap with:
arXiv:{1605.08888, 1608.00840, 1608.05266, 1612.08504, 1706.07467,
1706.09244, 1708.06743, 1709.08684, 1712.00805, 1803.11457, 1804.09416,
1804.09430, 1805.05195, 1808.07282, 1809.00861, 1811.04270, 1812.01473,
1812.06008, 1908.02034, 2012.13367, 2102.13501, 2106.11996
Cyber Security
This open access book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th China Annual Conference on Cyber Security, CNCERT 2022, held in Beijing, China, in August 2022. The 17 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 64 submissions. The papers are organized according to the following topical sections: ​​data security; anomaly detection; cryptocurrency; information security; vulnerabilities; mobile internet; threat intelligence; text recognition
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