Scalability of the Size of Patterns Drawn Using Tactile Hand Guidance

Haptic feedback for handwriting training has been extensively studied, but with primary focus on kinematic feedback. We provide vibrotactile feedback through a wrist worn sleeve to guide the user to recreate unknown patterns and study the impact of vibrational duration (1, 2, 3 seconds) on pattern scaling. User traces a line at 90° angles, while attempting to maintain a constant speed, in the direction of the motor activated till a different motor activation is perceived. Shape and size are two features of good letter formation. Study performed on three subjects showed the ability to utilize four vibrotactile motors to guide the hand towards correct shape formation with high accuracy (\u3e 95%). The overall size of the letter was observed to scale linearly with the vibrational duration. Implications for utilizing the vibrational feedback for handwriting correction are discussed

Handwriting Correction System using Wearable Sleeve with Optimal Tactor Configuration

Handwriting remains an elusive skill with practice worksheets being the common method of learning. Since these worksheets provide only visual feedback and no quantitative feedback, it can often be a challenge to improve. For children with learning disabilities, learning handwriting skills is one of the most difficult tasks. We propose a handwriting training system that uses off-the-shelf webcam, a pen tracking software and a haptic sleeve which provides active feedback to the user based on their deviation from the original pattern. The sleeve has 4 individual motors that vibrate at different intensities based on the direction (right, left, up or down) and severity of the deviation (\u3c 1cm, 1cm – 3cm, \u3e 3cm). Different motor placements around the forearm are evaluated for vibro-tactile feedback accuracy and time response, and a novel spaced-ring configuration is proposed. This paper provides details on the system architecture and sleeve characterization, and the results show promise in utilizing the system for self-correction and visual-motor skills development. The results from sleeve characterization suggest the applicability of the spaced-ring configuration (perceived feedback accuracy \u3e 98%, time response \u3c 1s) in other vibrotactile hand guidance systems, in addition to handwriting correction. Recommendations on tactor placements around the forearm are provided

Automated Kinesthetic Trainer enhances Kinesthetic Memory development

This research studied the usefulness and effectiveness of providing movement guidance and haptic feedback in enhancing kinesthetic memory development. Participants were trained to perform horizontal welding in two different settings: free-hand (traditional group) or under such guidance (machine group). Their welding performance, as well as kinesthetic memory were evaluated. As for kinesthetic memory, since it is related to movement and posture, three parameters were measured: moving speed, muscle activity, and elbow angle. Machine group significantly outperformed traditional group in performance, and also showed significant better control of moving speed than the traditional group. However, muscle activity pattern and elbow angle didn\u27t differ significantly between two groups

Interactive Jawi Learning Application on Mobile Device for Primary Students

Jawi is taught in school as one of the curriculum structure in Malaysia. However, the performance of students in writing and reading Jawi is very poor. Interactive Jawi Learning Application can become a creative medium of learning infused with educational and entertainment contents to encourage students to learn Jawi in enjoyable way. The project will utilize the use of smart phone capabilities combines with the game approach to create an interactive mobile game-based learning which enables the user to learn writing in Jawi that applied for primary school students‟ level. The objectives of the project are to design and develop a mobile game-based learning application for Jawi to grant mobility for primary students, and investigate the effectiveness of the mobile game-based learning application in facilitating the learning of Jawi. The project begins with data collection and analysis and proceeds to development of the mobile game-based application. The development of the application starts with, planning, and continue with project analysis, design and implementation. The finding on the effectiveness of the mobile game-based application is gathered through user testing and survey. From the result, this project has advantage to be a helpful learning aid in facilitating the learning on writing in Jawi

Occupational Therapy Interventions for ADHD: A Systematic Review

Background: ADHD can have a negative impact on occupational performance of a child, interfering with ADLs, IADLs, education, leisure, and play. However, at this time, a cumulative review of evidence based occupational therapy interventions for children with ADHD do not exist. Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly project was to complete a systematic review of what occupational therapy interventions are effective for school-aged children with ADHD. Methods: An extensive systematic review for level T, II, or II research articles was completed using CINAHL and OT Search. Inclusion, exclusion, subject terms, and words or phrases were determined with assistance from the librarian at the Harley French Library at the University of North Dakota. Results: The systematic review yielded !3 evidence-based articles with interventions related to cognition, motor, sensory, and play. Upon completion of the systematic review, articles were categorized based upon an initial literature search understanding common occupational therapy interventions for children with ADHD. Specifically, level I, II, and III occupational therapy research is available for interventions addressing cognition, motor, sensory, and play. Conclusion: Implications for practice and education include the need for foundational and continuing education opportunities reflecting evidenced-based interventions for ADHD. Further research is needed to solidify best practices for children with ADHD including more rigorous studies across interventions

FineMotor, Perceptual Motor, and Handwriting Development in Young Children / Speech, Language, and Musical Development in Young Children

Two starred papers are included in this project.The first starred paper discusses the fine motor, perceptual motor and handwriting development in young children from birth through age eight. The impact of early intervention on these three areas of development along with the connections between them are discussed. The second starred paper discusses speech, language and musical development in young children from birth through age eight. Effective practices to promote speech, language and musical development in young children, along with the effects of music intervention on speech and language development are examined

Augmented visual, auditory, haptic, and multimodal feedback in motor learning: A review

It is generally accepted that augmented feedback, provided by a human expert or a technical display, effectively enhances motor learning. However, discussion of the way to most effectively provide augmented feedback has been controversial. Related studies have focused primarily on simple or artificial tasks enhanced by visual feedback. Recently, technical advances have made it possible also to investigate more complex, realistic motor tasks and to implement not only visual, but also auditory, haptic, or multimodal augmented feedback. The aim of this review is to address the potential of augmented unimodal and multimodal feedback in the framework of motor learning theories. The review addresses the reasons for the different impacts of feedback strategies within or between the visual, auditory, and haptic modalities and the challenges that need to be overcome to provide appropriate feedback in these modalities, either in isolation or in combination. Accordingly, the design criteria for successful visual, auditory, haptic, and multimodal feedback are elaborate

Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications

This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Human Haptic Sensing and Touch Enabled Computer Applications, EuroHaptics 2020, held in Leiden, The Netherlands, in September 2020. The 60 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 111 submissions. The were organized in topical sections on haptic science, haptic technology, and haptic applications. This year's focus is on accessibility