Monitoring the progression of erosive tooth wear (ETW) using BEWE index in casts and their 3D images : a retrospective longitudinal study

Objective: To determine if the Basic erosive tooth wear index (BEWE index) is able to assess and monitor ETW changes in two consecutive cast models, and detect methodological differences when using the corresponding 3D image replicas. Methods: A total of 480 pre-treatment and 2-year post-treatment orthodontic models (n = 240 cast models and n = 240 3D image replicas) from 120 adolescents treated between 2002 and 2013 at the Gent Dental Clinic, Belgium, were scored using the BEWE index. For data analysis only posterior sextants were considered, and inter-method differences were evaluated using Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, Kappa values and Me Nemar tests (p < 0.05). Correlations between methods were determined using Kendall tau correlation test. Results: Significant changes of ETW were detected between two consecutive models when BEWE index was used to score cast models or their 3D image replicas (p < 0.001). A strong significant correlation (tau b: 0.74; p < 0.001) was shown between both methods However, 3D image-BEWE index combination showed a higher probability for detecting initial surface changes, and scored significantly higher than casts (p < 0.001). Incidence and progression of ETW using 3D images was 13.3% (n = 16) and 60.9% (n = 56) respectively, with two subjects developing BEWE = 3 in at least one tooth surface. Conclusions: BEWE index is a suitable tool for the scoring of ETW lesions in 3D images and cast. The combination of both digital 3D records and index, can be used for the monitoring of ETW in a longitudinal approach. The higher sensibility of BEWE index when scoring 3D images might improve the early diagnosis of ETW lesions. Clinical significance: The BEWE index combined with digital 3D records of oral conditions might improve the practitioner performance with respect to early diagnosis, monitoring and managing ETW

Dental caries and erosion status of 12-year-old Hong Kong children

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Erosive tooth wear in children and adolescents

To determine the local prevalence of erosive tooth wear in the child population and to identify the degree to which local demographic and socioeconomic factors influence prevalence, a multi-stage cluster sample of three, five, eight, twelve and fifteenyear old Maltese school children were identified. The children were clinically examined under standardised conditions and provided a questionnaire to be filled directly (twelve and fifteen-year-olds) or by the parents/legal guardians (three, five and eight-year-olds). A total of 2508 children were examined. Of these, 232 three-year-old, 338 five-year-old children, 337 eight year-old children, 642 twelve-year-old children and 560 fifteen-year-old children returned a questionnaire and were analysed. The prevalence of erosive tooth wear was > 70% in all age cohorts. Erosion experience also increased in both extent and severity with age in each dentition. Significant higher incidences were observed in eight-year old males, eight-year old overweight children, eight and fifteen-year-olds attending public schools, locality (Gozo > Malta), history of vomiting in fifteen-year olds, and children from lower socioeconomic parental status in five, eight and fifteen-year-olds. The prevalence of erosive tooth wear is high in school aged Maltese children. This easily preventable tooth condition deserves targeted public health programmes to improve the oral health of future generations.peer-reviewe

Trend-analysis of dental hard-tissue conditions as function of tooth age

Objective This retrospective in-vitro study investigated tooth age effect on dental hard-tissue conditions. Methods Unidentified extracted premolars (n = 1500) were collected and their individual age was estimated (10–100 (±10) years old (yo)) using established dental forensic methods Dental caries, fluorosis and tooth wear (TW) were assessed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS; 0–5 for crown and 0–2 for root), Thylstrup-Fejerskov (TFI; 0–9) and Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE; 0–3) indices, respectively. Staining and color were assessed using the modified-Lobene (MLI) (0–3) and VITA shade (B1-C4) indices, respectively. Relationships between indices and age were tested using regression models. Results Starting at age ∼10yo, presence of caries increased from 35% to 90% at ∼50yo (coronal), and from 0% to 35% at ∼80yo (root). Caries severity increased from ICDAS 0.5 to 2 at ∼40yo and from ICDAS 0 to 0.5 at ∼60yo for coronal and root caries, respectively. Presence of TW increased from 25% (occlusal) and 15% (smooth-surfaces) to 100% at ∼80yo. TW severity increased from BEWE 0.5 to 2 at ∼50yo (occlusal) and ∼0.3 to 1.5 at ∼50yo (smooth-surfaces). Percentage and severity of fluorosis decreased from 70% to 10% at ∼80yo, and from TFI 1 to 0 at ∼90yo, respectively. Percentage of extrinsic staining increased from 0% to 85% at ∼80yo and its severity increased from MLI 0 to 2 at ∼70yo. Color changed from A3 to B3 at ∼50yo (crown), and from C2 to A4 at ∼85yo (root). Conclusions Aging is proportionally related to the severity of caries, TW, staining, and inversely to dental fluorosis. Teeth become darker with ag

The prevalence of dental erosion amongst competitive swimmers

Efst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinnTilgangur: Markmið þessarar rannsóknar var að meta algengi glerungseyðingar hjá sundíþróttafólki 18 ára og eldra á höfuðborgarsvæðinu. Efniviður og aðferðir: Framkvæmd var samanburðarrannsókn sem samanstóð af 38 þátttakendum í tveimur hópum, tilraunahópi (sundíþróttafólk, N=20) og samanburðarhópi (nemar sem ekki æfa sund, N=18). Glerungseyðing var metin með BEWE index. Allir þátttakendur svöruðu spurningalista varðandi matarvenjur með sérstöku tilliti til neyslu súrra drykkja. Niðurstöður: Enginn marktækur tölfræðilegur munur fannst á milli samanburðarhóps og tilraunahóps þegar meðaltöl BEWE index hópanna voru skoðuð og borin saman. Framtennur í efri- og neðri gómi voru einu svæðin sem sýndu marktækan mun milli hópa, þar sem tilraunahópur sýndi meiri glerungseyðingu fyrir bæði efri og neðri góms framtennur. Samanburðarhópur sýndi hærra meðaltalsgildi á öllum jaxlasvæðum samanborið við tilraunahóp en munurinn var ekki tölfræðilega marktækur. Enginn munur var á milli hópa í neyslu á súrum drykkjum. Ályktun: Niðurstöður benda til aukinnar glerungseyðingar á framtönnum sundíþróttafólks. Fræðslu er þörf fyrir þessa einstaklinga, bæði á vegum íþróttafélaga og tannlækna sem geta bent á fyrirbyggjandi aðferðir til að draga úr hættu á glerungseyðingu tanna.Introduction: Research has shown that dental erosion in competitive swimmers is common. The process of dental erosion can be rapid if the chlorine content of swimming pools is poorly controlled. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental erosion in competitive swimmers 18 years and older in the capital area of Iceland. Materials and methods: A comparative study was made consisting of 38 participants in two groups, a test group (competitive swimmers, N=20) and a control group (college students who were not competitive swimmers, N=18). Dental erosion was evaluated with the BEWE index. All participants answered a questionnaire regarding food habits with a special consideration to acidic drinks. Results: There was no significant difference between the control group and the test group when the average BEWE index of the groups was compared. The anterior teeth in both upper and lower jaws were the only regions with significant difference between the groups, where the test group showed more dental erosion for both the upper and lower anterior teeth. The control group showed higher value in all posterior regions compared to the test group, but the difference was not significant. There was no difference between the groups regarding consumption of acidic drinks. Conclusion: The results indicate that competitive swimmers are more at risk for dental erosion in anterior teeth. Competitive swimmers need to be aware of this risk. Preventive education is needed in the competitive swimming community and dentists should suggest methods to reduce the chances of dental erosion

Desgaste erosivo dentário

O desgaste erosivo dentário é um fenómeno progressivo e irreversível, caracterizado pela perda da morfologia anatómica dentária original, resultante da exposição a ácidos não bacterianos de origem intrínseca e/ou de origem extrínseca. O controlo dos fatores etiológicos, nomeadamente dietéticos, comportamentais e patológicos, associado a medidas preventivas de reforço da estrutura dentária, permitem monitorizar o desgaste e avaliar a eficácia da terapêutica adotada. Quando a integridade estrutural do dente está ameaçada, a introdução de tratamentos restauradores da cavidade deve acompanhar, de forma consequente, as medidas preventivas. As resinas compostas oferecem condições favoráveis ao tratamento do desgaste erosivo dentário, devido à sua capacidade adesiva, à facilidade de reparação e aos resultados estéticos. A elaboração desta dissertação tem como objetivo reunir informação cientificamente válida sobre o desgaste erosivo dentário, referindo os sinais e sintomas, medidas preventivas e possíveis formas de tratamento, para minimizar as sequelas da doença.Tooth wear is a progressive and irreversible phenomenon characterized by the loss of original anatomical tooth morphology, resulting from exposure to non-bacterial acids of intrinsic and/or of extrinsic origin. Clinical intervention facing structural loss implies the control of etiologic factors namely dietetic, behavioral and pathological, associated with preventive / therapeutic measures strengthening the tooth structure. When the structural integrity of the tooth is threatened, the restorative treatments of the cavity must be followed, in an effective way, by preventive measures. The composite resins offer favorable conditions for the treatment of tooth wear due to its adhesive capacity, ease of repair and good aesthetic results. The elaboration of this dissertation aims to gather scientifically valid information about tooth wear, including their signs and symptoms, preventive measures and suitable therapies, in order to minimize the patology sequelae

Nutritional Information: Traffic Light Labelling Is the Best Way to Reach Consumers

More than half of German adults are overweight. Those most often affected include the elderly, poor, and individuals with poor education. Yet is overweight an issue that economists should address? Poor nutrition and lack of exercise play a major role in widespread diseases. One third of total health care expenditures are devoted to illnesses related to overweight. This is just one of the reasons why economists should examine how to promote more health-conscious nutritional decisions. One instrument favored by policy makers in this regard is nutrition labelling. At present, manufacturers display nutritional information on food packaging on a voluntary basis and in a non-standardised format. This is supposed to change. In the near future, the European Parliament will convene to debate the standardisation of nutritional information.Consumer policy, Behavioral economics, Labelling systems, Traffic light labelling, Nutrition and health

Erosão dentária: etiologia, diagnóstico, prevenção e tratamento

A erosão dentária é o resultado físico da perda patológica, crónica e localizada de tecidos dentários mineralizados, provocada quimicamente por ácidos e/ou quelantes, sem envolvimento bacteriano. O diagnóstico diferencial das lesões de erosão dentária deve ser feito o mais precocemente possível, sendo que as suas características clínicas dificilmente se dissociam de fenómenos de atrição e/ou de abrasão. Desta forma é importante o uso de índices de abordagem do desgaste dentário não demasiado discriminatórios, mas que possam ser válidos num âmbito clínico para monitorizar o desgaste, e avaliar a eficácia das medidas preventivas instituídas. A intervenção clínica face á perda estrutural de causa erosiva implica o controlo dos fatores etiológicos nomeadamente dietéticos, comportamentais e patológicos, associado a um aporte diário de agentes de reforço da estrutura dentária. O objectivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica de forma a sistematizar os pontos importantes a ter em conta na abordagem clínica das lesões erosivas. Este tema torna-se importante e útil dado que estes conhecimentos podem ser aplicados diariamente na prática clínica.Dental erosion is the physical result of pathological loss, chronic and localized mineralized dental tissues, chemically caused by acids and / or chelation without bacterial involvement. The differential diagnosis of lesions of dental erosion should be done as early as possible, and the clinical characteristics hardly dissociate phenomena of attrition and / or abrasion. Thus it is important to use indexes approach tooth wear not too discriminatory, but that may be valid in the clinical setting to monitor wear, and evaluate the effectiveness of preventive measures instituted. The clinical intervention face structural loss will cause erosive implies control of etiological factors including dietary, behavioral and pathological features associated with a daily intake of enhancers of tooth structure. The aim of this work was to perform a literature search in order to systematize the important points to take into account the clinical evaluation of erosive lesions. This issue becomes important and useful since such knowledge can be applied daily in clinical practice

Sjúklingatilfelli frá Tannlæknadeild Háskóla Íslands - Tannfylling

Efst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkin

Bewegungskontrolldysfunktion als Subgruppe von unspezifischen Rückenschmerzen

Zusammenfassung: Schmerzen des untere Rückens sind meist unspezifisch, d.h. es gibt keinen spezifischen medizinischen Grund für die Schmerzen. Eine Subgruppierung unspezifischer Rückenschmerzen wurde deswegen als einer der wichtigsten Forschungsschwerpunkte genannt. Eine mögliche Subgruppe ist die Bewegungskontrolldysfunktion, bei der der Patient seine Bewegungen nicht bewusst kontrollieren kann. Eine Testbatterie wurde entwickelt und validiert, um diese Patientengruppe zu untersuchen und zu behandeln. Sie besteht aus 6Bewegungstests und wurde als reliabel bewertet. Mit diesem Testverfahren können Personen mit Rückenschmerzen zuverlässig von gesunden Personen unterschieden werden. Ebenfalls untersucht wurde der Zusammenhang mit der Körperwahrnehmung. Dabei zeigte sich, dass Zweipunktdiskriminationsfähigkeit mit der verschlechterten Bewegungskontrolle des Rückens korreliert. Eine Fallserienstudie (n=38) ergab, dass diesen Patienten mit spezifischen Übungen gut geholfen werden kann. Da es in dieser Studie keine Kontrollgruppe gab, kann jedoch eine Kausalität nicht hergestellt werde