Distribution of Synthetic Populations of Japan for Social Scientists and Social Simulation Researchers

Murata T., Harada T., Wa M.I., et al. Distribution of Synthetic Populations of Japan for Social Scientists and Social Simulation Researchers. Proceedings - International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics 2019-July (2019); https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMLC48188.2019.8949245.In this paper, we describe how synthesized populations are essential in real-scale social simulations (RSSS), and the current situation of the population synthesis for whole populations in Japan. RSSS is simulations using the real number of populations or households in social simulations. This paper describes how we have completed to synthesize multiple sets of populations based on the statistics of each local government in Japanese national census in 2000,2005,2010 and 2015. We have started to distribute those multiple sets of the synthesized populations for researchers of RSSSs in Japan. In distributing the synthesized populations, we should set some regulations in order to protect personal or private information in the synthesized populations

Distribution system for japanese synthetic population data with protection level

Murata T., Date S., Goto Y., et al. Distribution system for japanese synthetic population data with protection level. Proceedings - International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics 2020-December, 187 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMLC51923.2020.9469550.In this paper, we introduce a distribution system of synthesized data of Japanese population using Interdisciplinary Large-scale Information Infra-structures in Japan. Synthetic population is synthesized based on the statistics of the census that are conducted by the government and publicly released. Therefore, the synthesized data have no privacy data. However, it is easy to estimate the compositions of households, working status in a certain area from the synthetic population. Therefore, we currently distribute the synthesized data only for public or academic purposes. For academic purposes, it is important to encourage scholars or researchers to use a large-scale data of households, we define protection levels for the attributes in the synthetic populations. According to the protection levels, we distribute the data with proper attributes to those who try to use them. We encourage researchers to use the synthetic populations to be familiar to large-scale data processing

PICES Press, Vol. 20, No. 1, Winter 2012

•2011 PICES Science: A Note from the Science Board Chairman (pp. 1-6) •2011 PICES Awards (pp. 7-9) •Beyond the Terrible Disaster of the Great East Japan Earthquake (pp. 10-12) •A New Era of PICES-ICES Scientific Cooperation (p. 13) •New PICES Jellyfish Working Group Formed (pp. 14-15) •PICES Working Group on North Pacific Climate Variability (pp. 16-18) •Final U.S. GLOBEC Symposium and Celebration (pp. 19-25) •2011 PICES Rapid Assessment Survey (pp. 26-29) •Introduction to Rapid Assessment Survey Methodologies for Detecting Non-indigenous Marine Species (pp. 30-31) •The 7th International Conference on Marine Bioinvasions (pp. 32-33) •NOWPAP/PICES/WESTPAC Training Course on Remote Sensing Data Analysis (pp. 34-36) •PICES-2011 Workshop on “Trends in Marine Contaminants and their Effects in a Changing Ocean” (pp. 37-39) •The State of the Western North Pacific in the First Half of 2011 (pp. 40-42) •Yeosu Symposium theme sessions (p. 42) •The Bering Sea: Current Status and Recent Events (pp. 43-44) •News of the Northeast Pacific Ocean (pp. 45-47) •Recent and Upcoming PICES Publications (p. 47) •New leadership for the PICES Fishery Science Committee (p. 48

Natural experiments: An overview of methods, approaches, and contributions to public health intervention research

Population health interventions are essential to reduce health inequalities and tackle other public health priorities, but they are not always amenable to experimental manipulation. Natural experiment (NE) approaches are attracting growing interest as a way of providing evidence in such circumstances. One key challenge in evaluating NEs is selective exposure to the intervention. Studies should be based on a clear theoretical understanding of the processes that determine exposure. Even if the observed effects are large and rapidly follow implementation, confidence in attributing these effects to the intervention can be improved by carefully considering alternative explanations. Causal inference can be strengthened by including additional design features alongside the principal method of effect estimation.NEstudies often rely on existing (including routinely collected) data. Investment in such data sources and the infrastructure for linking exposure and outcome data is essential if the potential for such studies to inform decision making is to be realized

Impacts of Changes in Climate and Atmospheric Chemistry on Northern Forest Ecosystems and their Boundaries: Research Directions

In response to numerous suggestions with the research community that boreal forests should be targeted for analyses of potential ecosystem response to impending major changes in climate and atmospheric composition, a task-force meeting for research-planning purposes was held at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis in August 1987. Participants discussed objectives for an international collaborative research program on this subject, what the current state of knowledge is, what the relevant research questions are, and what research approaches should be developed to address these questions. This report summarizes the workshop discussions, and presents synopses of working-group discussions on the following types of investigations: (a) historical responses of boreal-forest stands to changing climate and atmosphere using correlational data analyses; (b) response of boreal ecosystems to warm and enhanced-CO2 environments using physical field experiments; (c) response of boreal ecosystems to raised or lowered levels of soil moisture using physical field experiments; (d) long-term behavior of boreal-forest stands in the face of changing atmosphere and climate using measurements from permanent plots; (e) development of comprehensive databases on ecological characteristics of boreal forests and silvical characteristics of boreal-forest tree species based on literature reviews and data syntheses; (f) response and sensitivity of boreal-forest stands and landscapes to changing atmospheric and climatic conditions using simulation models; and (g) response of regional boreal forests to changing climate and atmosphere in the context of forest management using simulation models and policy exercises. The research themes outlined above cover a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. As well, they cover a wide range of organization, from the organism through populations and communities to ecosystems (indeed, ecosystems including socio-economic subsystems). It is concluded that the various studies can benefit immensely from careful coordination that helps each study anchor its process mechanisms in lower hierarchical levels, and find its significance at higher levels. The coordination would also prevent wasteful duplication of effort in different countries where boreal forests exist, and would assist groups of researchers to benefit from (a) regular contact for exchange of data and information that would not normally be available through regular channels of dissemination, and (b) collaborative research arrangements for expensive, long-term, broad-scale projects that otherwise would probably not be possible

Space life sciences: A status report

The scientific research and supporting technology development conducted in the Space Life Sciences Program is described. Accomplishments of the past year are highlighted. Plans for future activities are outlined. Some specific areas of study include the following: Crew health and safety; What happens to humans in space; Gravity, life, and space; Sustenance in space; Life and planet Earth; Life in the Universe; Promoting good science and good will; Building a future for the space life sciences; and Benefits of space life sciences research

Open problems in artificial life

This article lists fourteen open problems in artificial life, each of which is a grand challenge requiring a major advance on a fundamental issue for its solution. Each problem is briefly explained, and, where deemed helpful, some promising paths to its solution are indicated