Potential benefits of a ceramic thermal barrier coating on large power generation gas turbine

Thermal barrier coating design option offers benefit in terms of reduced electricity costs when used in utility gas turbines. Options considered include: increased firing temperature, increased component life, reduced cooling air requirements, and increased corrosion resistance (resulting in increased tolerance for dirty fuels). Performance and cost data were obtained. Simple, recuperated and combined cycle applications were considered, and distillate and residual fuels were assumed. The results indicate that thermal barrier coatings could produce large electricity cost savings if these coatings permit turbine operation with residual fuels at distillate-rated firing temperatures. The results also show that increased turbine inlet temperature can result in substantial savings in fuel and capital costs

Do Lower Prices For Polluting Goods Make Environmental Externalities Worse?

Lower prices for polluting goods will increase their sales and the pollution that results from their production or use. Conventional intuition suggests that this relationship implies a greater need for environmental policy when prices of "dirty" goods fall. But the economic inefficiency resulting overproduction of polluting goods may fall, not rise, as the cost of producing those goods falls. While lower costs exacerbate overproduction, they also reduce the difference between private benefit and the total social cost--the sum of private and external costs--associated with that overproduction. The author of this paper derives a test, based on readily observed or estimated parameters for conditions in which the latter effect outweighs the former. In such cases, making a dirty good cheaper to produce may reduce the need for pollution policy. This test, with minor modifications, can be applied where the dirty good is not competitive, demand rather than supply drives the increase in output, and abatement in production can reduce pollution. The analysis may speak to whether stricter air pollution regulations should accompany policies to reduce electricity costs by making power generation more competitive.

The monitoring of dirty electricity in A secondary school in kazan, republic of tatarstan, Russia

Electromagnetic fields from electronic equipment are detrimental environmental factors. Recently, a new type of electromagnetic pollution referred to as "dirty electricity" was discovered to affect human health. The current research measures levels of dirty electricity in one secondary school in Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. A Microsurge II meter that measures high frequency transients and harmonics between 4 to 100 kHz (expressed as Graham-Stetzer units) was used in this study. Levels of dirty electricity were elevated in all areas of the school and the installation of Graham-Stetzer filters significantly reduced these levels. Taking into account the detrimental effects of the dirty electricity on human health, plugging one Graham-Stetzer filter into each classroom is highly recommended. © PSP Volume 18 - No 6. 2009

Electromagnetic High-Frequency Transients Measurements of Some Household Devices

Voltage Transients are generated in power lines and emit both low-frequency electromagnetic fields and radio-frequency radiation. This study aims to highlight its existence and detrimental effects on human health. A comprehensive literature review is presented, encompassing studies by multiple authors exploring the topic of dirty electricity, its impact on well-being, and preventative measures. The electromagnetic spectrum analysis and measurements of both electric and magnetic fields are performed on various household appliances such as hair dryers, old televisions, blenders, heaters, toasters, vacuum cleaners, and microwaves. The findings indicates that microwaves and compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) bulbs exhibit similar spectral characteristics, with high-frequency voltage transients primarily originating from these two devices. Conversely, other appliances do not generate significant high-frequency voltage transients (HFVT). Overall, dirty electricity poses a substantial risk to human health and necessitates attention to minimize its adverse consequences

Simultaneous Supplies of Dirty Energy and Capacity Constrained Clean Energy : Is There a Green Paradox?

Marc Gronwald and Luise Roepke gratefully acknowledge financial support by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. The authors are indebted to the editors and two anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments and guidance.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Estimation of marginal abatement costs for undesirable outputs in India's power generation sector: An output distance function approach.

Many production activities generate undesirable byproducts in conjunction with the desirable outputs they produce. The present study uses an output distance function approach and its duality with the revenue function to estimate the marginal abatement cost of CO2 emissions from a sample of thermal plants in India. Two sets of exercises have been undertaken. The marginal abatement cost is first estimated without considering the distinction between the clean and the dirty plants (model-1) and then by differentiating between the two (model-2). The shadow prices of CO2 for the coal fired thermal plants in India for the period 1991-92 to 1999-2000 was found to be Rs. 3,380.59 per ton of CO2 as per model-1 and Rs. 2401.99 per ton of CO2 as per model-2. The wide variation noticed in the marginal abatement costs across plants is explained by the ratio of CO2 emissions to electricity generation, the different vintages of capital used by different plants in the generation of electricity and provisions for abatement of pollution. The relationship between firm specific shadow prices of CO2 and the index of efficiency (ratio of CO2 emission and electricity generation) points to the fact that the marginal cost of abating CO2 emissions increases with the efficiency of the thermal plant.Power sector

Beyond coal: facilitating the transition in Europe. Bruegel Policy Brief ISSUE 5 | NOVEMBER 2017

Europe has a dirty energy secret: coal is producing a quarter of the electricity, but three-quarters of the emissions. The EU should propose that its member countries speedily phase out coal and put in place a scheme to guarantee the social welfare of coal miners who stand to lose their jobs, making a better use of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund (EGF)

Brown Backstops versus the Green Paradox (Revision of CentER DP 2011-076)

Anticipated and unilateral climate policies are ineffective when fossil fuel owners respond by shifting supply intertemporally (the green paradox) or spatially (carbon leakage). These mechanisms rely crucially on the exhaustibility of fossil fuels. We analyze the effect of anticipated and unilateral climate policies on emissions in a simple model with two fossil fuels: one scarce and dirty (oil), the other abundant and dirtier (coal). We derive conditions for a ’green orthodox’: anticipated climate policy may reduce current emissions, and unilateral measures may unintentionally reduce emissions in other countries. Calibrations suggest that intertemporal carbon leakage (between -3% and 1%) is less of a concern than spatial leakage (19-39%).carbon tax;green paradox;exhaustible resource;backstop;climate change