Diffusion of broadband mobile services in Korea

노트 : e-Biz World Conference 200

(The) Study on the smartphone strategies of Samsung and LG before and after the iPhone launch in Korea

Thesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2010masterpublishedby Dae-Won Kim

Specification of Smart AP solutions - version 2

This document includes the specification of the second version of the Smart Access Point (AP) Solutions, which are being developed within WP3 of the Wi-5 project. After the Literature Review, a global view of the Wi-5 architecture is presented which includes not only the Smart AP Solutions but also the Cooperative Functionalities being developed in WP4. Next, the Smart AP Solutions are described including the summary of the general approach being followed based on Light Virtual APs (LVAPs). The functionalities enabling Radio Resource Management (i.e. Dynamic Channel Allocation, Load Balancing and Power Control) are reported in detail and the current status of the implementation of the solutions is detailed, with a set of improvements aimed at integrating the support of different channels within the Wi-5 framework. A multi-channel handoff scheme has been designed, requiring a good synchronisation between the different events, in order to make the LVAP switching happen at the same moment when the STA switches its channel. In addition, the beacon generation has been modified in order to improve the scalability and to give a better user experience during handoffs. Tests measuring the handoff delay are presented using three wireless cards from different manufacturers, and using as test traffic a flow of an online game with real-time constraints. The results show that fast handovers ranging from 30 to 200 milliseconds can be achieved. The savings provided by frame aggregation, and its effect on subjective quality have also been studied. A methodology including subjective tests with real users has evaluated this effect, using paired comparison. The results indicate that bandwidth usage savings and especially significant packet rate reduction can be obtained without degrading players’ Quality of Experience (QoE), as long as the overall latency is kept under 100ms. An important finding coming from these results is that the players do not register delay variation introduced by multiplexing

Balancing Between ‘De Facto’ and ‘De Jure’ in Standard-setting Strategy by a Latecomer Country: The Case of ICT Industry in China

The main objective of this study is to gain insights into the complexities of the standard-setting process involving a latecomer country. Standards are identified into two categories: market (de facto) standards arising from market interactions and formal standards (de jure) arising from mandatory specifications by public authorities. The study focused on two research questions: (i) What are the different factors that influence the outcome (success or failure) of a proposed standard by a latecomer country? (ii) How does a latecomer country navigate between de facto standard and de jure standard? It analysed two cases (WAPI - a failure and TD-SCDMA - a success) to examine the extent of government support for a standard setting that needs to balance between the de facto standard and de jure standard. The study found that standard competition is a complicated interplay between technology, markets, politics and institutions. The experience of two cases suggest that a proposed standard should judiciously combine partly a ‘de jure standard’ which aims to protect national interests and achieve a national goal, and partly the ‘de facto standard’ to meet the technology trend, market demand, as well as the end users’ welfare. Keywords: Standardization, Latecomer country, Latecomer catch-up, De Facto standards, De June standards, ICT Industr

Digitalising Korea - transformations and tensions : the case of audiovisual service trade and intellectual property rights

Since the 1990s, South Korea has enthusiastically developed and applied digital technologies to every sector of economic and social life, and constructed the most intensively connected society in the world. This thesis explores the impact of Digital Korea on the country s cultural industries, focussing particularly on the main audio-visual industries of broadcasting and film. While the push to digitalise Korea has been enthusiastically pursued by successive national governments with the aim of ensuring that Korea maintains its status as a key world economy as the leading edge of capitalism shifts from an industrial to an information base, to fully understand the forms it has taken and its impacts national initiatives have to be placed in the wider context of shifts in the global trading system. With the rise of neo-liberalism across the globe and the perceived ineffectiveness of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in extending multi-lateral trade, both emerging and developed economies have increasingly embraced Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). In line with this trend, South Korea has signed FTAs with the USA, the European Union (EU) and The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). This thesis explores the interplay between national initiatives and global trade through a detailed case study of the US-led FTA with South Korea (KORUS-FTA) focusing particularly on its implications for the Audiovisual Sector and the accompanying, and pivotal, debates around Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs). The KORUS FTA simultaneously opened the Korean market to American audiovisual content and strengthened existing national IPR laws to match the provisions prevailing within the US. Both these moves were opposed within Korea on the grounds that they operated unequally, to the advantage of the US and the detriment of national production that had, in recent years, enjoyed considerable success in export markets, creating what came to be known as the Korean Wave . In addition utilising the extensive corpus of available public documentation the analysis presented here draws on two original research exercises: in depth interviews with experts in international trade and intellectual property rights, conducted in South Korea, the UK and Switzerland (in Geneva, at the WTO Forum 2008), and a web-based survey of a cross section of professionals working in the Korean broadcasting industry. The results obtained show that while Korean economists followed the government in arguing that signing the FTA with the US was essential if Korea was to remain a major player in the global economy, a majority of those working in the audiovisual sector believed that the terms of the agreement, particularly the imposition of US-style IPR laws, disproportionately favoured US interests and would weaken the strong position the sector had achieved in recent years and impede its future growth

The state’s roles in the development of cultural industries: Korean cultural industry policies from 1993 to 2021

This research examines the Korean state’s position in the development of its cultural industries. In contrast to doctrines of neoliberal globalization that demand that the state minimize its presence in industrial development and emphasize the market’s management of cultural products, the state maintains its position in the cultural industries as their products are effective tools for the state to govern the population and exert influence overseas. Despite pressures from major market players, many states have reconfigured their roles and positions in cultural industries as major stakeholders. Based on interviews with policymakers and cultural workers and analysis of policy documents, this study finds that the Korean state has been an important stakeholder in developing the cultural industries. In collaboration with the nation’s leading conglomerates, it played significant roles in developing cultural businesses. Depending on each administration’s political inclination and economic conditions, it has employed both neoliberal measures and state-interventionist methods to make cultural businesses competitive in the global market—from establishing a mega-size public organization that provided direct supports for every stage of cultural production to entrusting market players to manage the state’s budget for supporting cultural businesses. This reflects the legacies of the Korean developmental state in which the state mobilizes and allocates resources to develop the economy. The Korean state continues utilizing cultural products and their global popularity to accomplish its political and economic missions, from strengthening its soft power to increasing the number of exports. The state’s emphasis on the utility of cultural products provoked criticism of the approach as hyper-instrumentalist from many cultural workers, who saw such policies as characteristic of short-termism practices and as ‘window dressing’ for political and bureaucratic clout. Such an instrumentalist approach saw the government suppress creators in industries if they criticized its political agenda. The findings of this study also explore how the state continues its involvement in the cultural industries alongside the drivers of private capital and global market forces. By collaborating, managing, and even suppressing cultural production and goods, the state persists in its participation in the management of cultural industries