Performance Improvement Of Mac Layer In Terms Of Reverse Direction Transmission Based On IEEE 802.11n

Medium access control (MAC) layer is one of the most prominent topics in the area of wireless networks. MAC protocols play a big role in improving the performance of wireless networks, and there are many challenges that have been addressed by the researchers to improve the performance of MAC layer in the family of IEEE 802.11. The physical data rate in IEEE 802.11n may reach 600 Mbps, this high data rate does not necessary transform into good performance efficiency, since the overhead at the MAC layer signifies that by augmenting PHY rates the effectiveness is automatically reduced. Therefore, the main objective of next generation wireless local area networks (WLANs) IEEE 802.11n is to achieve high throughput and able to support some applications such as TCP 100 Mbps and HDTV 20 Mbps and less delay. To mitigate the overhead and increase the MAC efficiency for IEEE 802.11n, one of the key enhancements at MAC layer in IEEE 802.11n is a reverse direction transmission. Reverse direction transmission mainly aims to accurately exchange the data between two devices, and does not support error recovery and correction; it drops the entire erroneous frame even though only a single bit error exists in the frame and then causes a retransmission overhead. Thus, two new schemes called (RD-SFF) Reverse Direction Single Frame Fragmentation and (RD-MFF) Reverse Direction Multi Frame Fragmentation are proposed in this study. The RD-SFF role is to aggregate the packets only into large frame, while RD-MFF aggregate both packets and frames into larger frame, then divided each data frame in both directions into subframes, Then it sends each subframe over reverse direction transmission. During the transmission, only the corrupted subframes need to be retransmited if an error occured, instead of the whole frame. Fragmentation method is also examined whereby the packets which are longer when compared to a threshold are split into fragments prior to being combined. The system is examined by simulation using NS-2. The simulation results show that the RD-SFF scheme significantly improves the performance over reverse direction transmission with single data frame up to 100%. In addition, the RD-MFF scheme improvers the performance over reverse direction transmission with multi data frames up to 44% based on network condition. These results show the benefits of fragmentation method in retransmission overhead and erroneous transmission. The results obtained by ON/OFF scheme takes into account the channel condition to show the benefits of our adaptive scheme in both ideal as well as erroneous networks. In conclusion, this research has achieved its stated objective of mitigation the overhead and increase the MAC efficiency for IEEE 802.11n. Additionally, the proposed schemes show a significant improvement over the reverse direction in changing network conditions to the current network state

Reverse direction transmission using single data frame and multi data frames to improve the performance of mac layer based on IEEE 802.11N

Reverse direction transmission and block ACK are effective ways to improve the performance of MAC layer that reduces the overhead and increases the system throughput. As high as 600 Mbps of physical data rate is achieved in IEEE 802.11n where high data rate of the current MAC layer leads to a high performance overhead and low performance throughput. Further,designing the MAC layer is still ongoing to achieve high performance throughput. In this paper, we examine the performance enhancement of the proposed 802.11n MAC layer in terms of reverse direction transmission using a single data frame and multi data frames. We implemented these schemes in the NS2 simulator to show the results for TCP traffic and compared them with the literature

60 GHz MAC Standardization: Progress and Way Forward

Communication at mmWave frequencies has been the focus in the recent years. In this paper, we discuss standardization efforts in 60 GHz short range communication and the progress therein. We compare the available standards in terms of network architecture, medium access control mechanisms, physical layer techniques and several other features. Comparative analysis indicates that IEEE 802.11ad is likely to lead the short-range indoor communication at 60 GHz. We bring to the fore resolved and unresolved issues pertaining to robust WLAN connectivity at 60 GHz. Further, we discuss the role of mmWave bands in 5G communication scenarios and highlight the further efforts required in terms of research and standardization

Millimeter-wave Wireless LAN and its Extension toward 5G Heterogeneous Networks

Millimeter-wave (mmw) frequency bands, especially 60 GHz unlicensed band, are considered as a promising solution for gigabit short range wireless communication systems. IEEE standard 802.11ad, also known as WiGig, is standardized for the usage of the 60 GHz unlicensed band for wireless local area networks (WLANs). By using this mmw WLAN, multi-Gbps rate can be achieved to support bandwidth-intensive multimedia applications. Exhaustive search along with beamforming (BF) is usually used to overcome 60 GHz channel propagation loss and accomplish data transmissions in such mmw WLANs. Because of its short range transmission with a high susceptibility to path blocking, multiple number of mmw access points (APs) should be used to fully cover a typical target environment for future high capacity multi-Gbps WLANs. Therefore, coordination among mmw APs is highly needed to overcome packet collisions resulting from un-coordinated exhaustive search BF and to increase the total capacity of mmw WLANs. In this paper, we firstly give the current status of mmw WLANs with our developed WiGig AP prototype. Then, we highlight the great need for coordinated transmissions among mmw APs as a key enabler for future high capacity mmw WLANs. Two different types of coordinated mmw WLAN architecture are introduced. One is the distributed antenna type architecture to realize centralized coordination, while the other is an autonomous coordination with the assistance of legacy Wi-Fi signaling. Moreover, two heterogeneous network (HetNet) architectures are also introduced to efficiently extend the coordinated mmw WLANs to be used for future 5th Generation (5G) cellular networks.Comment: 18 pages, 24 figures, accepted, invited paper

IEEE 802.11n MAC frame aggregation mechanisms for next-generation high-throughput WLANs [Medium access control protocols for wireless LANs]

IEEE 802.11n is an ongoing next-generation wireless LAN standard that supports a very highspeed connection with more than 100 Mb/s data throughput measured at the medium access control layer. This article investigates the key MAC enhancements that help 802.11n achieve high throughput and high efficiency. A detailed description is given for various frame aggregation mechanisms proposed in the latest 802.11n draft standard. Our simulation results confirm that A-MSDU, A-MPDU, and a combination of these methods improve extensively the channel efficiency and data throughput. We analyze the performance of each frame aggregation scheme in distinct scenarios, and we conclude that overall, the two-level aggregation is the most efficacious