An Informatics Framework for Testing Data Integrity and Correctness of Federated Biomedical Databases

Clinical research is increasingly relying on information gathered and managed in different database systems and institutions. Distributed data collection and management processes in such settings can be extremely complex and lead to a range of issues involving the integrity and accuracy of the distributed data. To address this challenge, we propose a middleware framework for assessing the data integrity and correctness in federated environments. The framework has two main elements: (1) a test model describing the dependencies between and constraints on data sources and datasets, and (2) a family of testing techniques that create and execute test cases based on the model

A linked data compliant framework for dynamic and web-scale consumption of web services

The While Semantic Web Services (SWS) research aims at automating Web service tasks such as discovery, orchestration and execution, its take-up is very limited so far. This is due to several reasons, such as inherent complexity of existing SWS frameworks and the considerable costs involved in creating correct SWS descriptions. In addition, while semantics are in use to enable tasks such as discovery, interaction between service consumers, providers and brokering environments is still not supported by semantic message descriptions. On the other hand, the Linked Data approach has produced a set of established principles for sharing and describing data, such as RDF as representation language and the integral use of dereferencable URIs. In this paper we propose to apply those principles to expose Web services and Web APIs and introduce a framework in which service registries as well as services contribute to the automation of service discovery, and hence, workload is distributed more efficiently. This is achieved by developing a Linked Data compliant Web services framework with that communicate with semi-centralised registries but compute their suitability for a given request themselves. All communications among different framework components are using RDF-based message protocols including service input and output. This framework aims at optimizing load balance and performance by dynamically assembling services at run time in a massively distributed Web environment

Groupie - An Environment supporting Group-Oriented Architecture Development

The paper presents an architecture definition language and various mappings to different programming languages. In addition, a major new idea is that the language contains features which are exploited to define a concept to support cooperative distributed development of architectural descriptions. Besides the language and group-ware concepts the paper sketches functionality and implementation of the corresponding support environment called Groupie. The section describing the implementation of Groupie illustrates the suitability of an object database to build software engineering environments supporting multiple users

Development of a Theoretical Framework of Distributed Cognition Phenomena in Control Centers During Crisis Conditions

The purpose of this research is to develop and partially validate a theoretical framework describing distributed cognition phenomena occurring in organizational control centers functioning in crisis environments. Using a systems approach, the work synthesizes existing constructs relating to distributed cognition then supplements this knowledge with review of crisis management literature. The goal of this effort is the development of a framework for understanding the impact of crisis conditions on such phenomena occurring within the specified setting. An exploratory case study approach was used to partially validate and refine the framework by gauging its ability to interpret the impact of crisis conditions on control center performance. The researcher identifies a gap in crisis management literature relating to the study of distributed cognition within organizational control centers. The prevalence of and importance of institutionalized control centers to large organizations expecting to experience environments requiring more rapid processing of information and expedient reaction than usual is recognized within crisis management literature. A primary purpose of such control centers is to facilitate distributed cognition. Frameworks describing such phenomena in more general organizational settings can be found within distributed cognition literature; organizational learning literature, and in military science. In some cases the specific setting of control centers is addressed but not to the extent of conceptually framing or applying a framework to the more specific setting. The basic research, questions explored are: (1) what are the key constructs and interrelationships that structurally frame distributed cognition phenomena within control centers? and (2) what are the structural impacts of crisis conditions on the phenomena in such settings? Results of this research could, (1) aid in the implementation of new strategies, designs, training plans, methodologies, and technologies in crisis control centers for complex, technically oriented organizations, (2) improve the systemic design of and confidence in the assessment of mechanisms and subsystems designed to facilitate distributed cognition within organizations, (3) improve the general understanding of how distributed cognition takes place within organizational control centers, and (4) lead to a better understanding of the systemic effects crisis conditions have on the structures within control centers designed to facilitate distributed cognition

Profiling Distributed Virtual Environments by Tracing Causality

Real-time interactive systems such as virtual environments have high performance requirements, and profiling is a key part of the optimisation process to meet them. Traditional techniques based on metadata and static analysis have difficulty following causality in asynchronous systems. In this paper we explore a new technique for such systems. Timestamped samples of the system state are recorded at instrumentation points at runtime. These are assembled into a graph, and edges between dependent samples recovered. This approach minimises the invasiveness of the instrumentation, while retaining high accuracy. We describe how our instrumentation can be implemented natively in common environments, how its output can be processed into a graph describing causality, and how heterogeneous data sources can be incorporated into this to maximise the scope of the profiling. Across three case studies, we demonstrate the efficacy of this approach, and how it supports a variety of metrics for comprehensively bench-marking distributed virtual environments

Criss-crossing Cognitive Flexibility Theory based research in Portugal: an overview

This article addresses research conducted in Portugal on the application of Rand Spiro’s Cognitive Flexibility Theory, describing work developed in the last decade. The studies presented range from the theory itself and the pedagogical and technological principles it defends as applied to learning, to how teachers interpret and translate it in the development of teaching materials, or even on how it can be used for setting up communities of learning an practice. Still other studies address how CFT can be used as a cognitive tool for deconstructing knowledge and lead students to reflect upon this process in distributed learning environments.This article addresses research conducted in Portugal on the application of Rand Spiro’s Cognitive Flexibility Theory, describing work developed in the last decade. The studies presented range from the theory itself and the pedagogical and technological principles it defends as applied to learning, to how teachers interpret and translate it in the development of teaching materials, or even on how it can be used for setting up communities of learning an practice. Still other studies address how CFT can be used as a cognitive tool for deconstructing knowledge and lead students to reflect upon this process in distributed learning environments

Multi-FedLS: a Framework for Cross-Silo Federated Learning Applications on Multi-Cloud Environments

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed Machine Learning (ML) technique that can benefit from cloud environments while preserving data privacy. We propose Multi-FedLS, a framework that manages multi-cloud resources, reducing execution time and financial costs of Cross-Silo Federated Learning applications by using preemptible VMs, cheaper than on-demand ones but that can be revoked at any time. Our framework encloses four modules: Pre-Scheduling, Initial Mapping, Fault Tolerance, and Dynamic Scheduler. This paper extends our previous work \cite{brum2022sbac} by formally describing the Multi-FedLS resource manager framework and its modules. Experiments were conducted with three Cross-Silo FL applications on CloudLab and a proof-of-concept confirms that Multi-FedLS can be executed on a multi-cloud composed by AWS and GCP, two commercial cloud providers. Results show that the problem of executing Cross-Silo FL applications in multi-cloud environments with preemptible VMs can be efficiently resolved using a mathematical formulation, fault tolerance techniques, and a simple heuristic to choose a new VM in case of revocation.Comment: In review by Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computin

Criss-crossing Cognitive Flexibility Theory based research in Portugal: an overview

This article addresses research conducted in Portugal on the application of Rand Spiro’s Cognitive Flexibility Theory, describing work developed in the last decade. The studies presented range from the theory itself and the pedagogical and technological principles it defends as applied to learning, to how teachers interpret and translate it in the development of teaching materials, or even on how it can be used for setting up communities of learning an practice. Still other studies address how CFT can be used as a cognitive tool for deconstructing knowledge and lead students to reflect upon this process in distributed learning environments.This article addresses research conducted in Portugal on the application of Rand Spiro’s Cognitive Flexibility Theory, describing work developed in the last decade. The studies presented range from the theory itself and the pedagogical and technological principles it defends as applied to learning, to how teachers interpret and translate it in the development of teaching materials, or even on how it can be used for setting up communities of learning an practice. Still other studies address how CFT can be used as a cognitive tool for deconstructing knowledge and lead students to reflect upon this process in distributed learning environments