An Object-Based Classification of Mangroves Using a Hybrid Decision Tree—Support Vector Machine Approach

Mangroves provide valuable ecosystem goods and services such as carbon sequestration, habitat for terrestrial and marine fauna, and coastal hazard mitigation. The use of satellite remote sensing to map mangroves has become widespread as it can provide accurate, efficient, and repeatable assessments. Traditional remote sensing approaches have failed to accurately map fringe mangroves and true mangrove species due to relatively coarse spatial resolution and/or spectral confusion with landward vegetation. This study demonstrates the use of the new Worldview-2 sensor, Object-based image analysis (OBIA), and support vector machine (SVM) classification to overcome both of these limitations. An exploratory spectral separability showed that individual mangrove species could not be spectrally separated, but a distinction between true and associate mangrove species could be made. An OBIA classification was used that combined a decision-tree classification with the machine-learning SVM classification. Results showed an overall accuracy greater than 94% (kappa = 0.863) for classifying true mangroves species and other dense coastal vegetation at the object level. There remain serious challenges to accurately mapping fringe mangroves using remote sensing data due to spectral similarity of mangrove and associate species, lack of clear zonation between species, and mixed pixel effects, especially when vegetation is sparse or degraded

Comparison of Classification Algorithm for Crop Decision based on Environmental Factors using Machine Learning

Crop decision is a very complex process. In Agriculture it plays a vital role. Various biotic and abiotic factors affect this decision. Some crucial Environmental factors are Nitrogen Phosphorus, Potassium, pH, Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall. Machine Learning Algorithm can perfectly predict the crop necessary for this environmental condition. Various algorithms and model are used for this process such as feature selection, data cleaning, Training, and testing split etc. Algorithms such as Logistic regression, Decision Tree, Support vector machine, K- Nearest Neighbour, Navies Bayes, Random Forest. A comparison based on the accuracy parameter is presented in this paper along with various training and testing split for optimal choice of best algorithm. This comparison is done on two tools i.e., on Google collab using python and its libraries for implementation of Machine Learning Algorithm and WEKA which is a pre-processing tool to compare various algorithm of machine learning

MACHINE LEARNING CLASSIFICATION MODELS FOR DETECTION OF THE FRACTURE LOCATION IN DISSIMILAR FRICTION STIR WELDED JOINT

Data analysis is divided into two categories i.e. classification and prediction. These two categories can be used for extraction of models from the dataset and further determine future data trends or important set of classes available in the dataset. The aim of the present work is to determine location of the fracture failure in dissimilar friction stir welded joint by using various machine learning classification models such as Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, Naïve Bayes and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). It is observed that out of these classification algorithms, Artificial Neural Network results have the best accuracy score o

A comparative study on the predictive ability of the decision tree, support vector machine and neuro-fuzzy models in landslide susceptibility mapping using GIS.

he purpose of the present study is to compare the prediction performances of three different approaches such as decision tree (DT), support vector machine (SVM) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for landslide susceptibility mapping at Penang Hill area, Malaysia. The necessary input parameters for the landslide susceptibility assessments were obtained from various sources. At first, landslide locations were identified by aerial photographs and field surveys and a total of 113 landslide locations were constructed. The study area contains 340,608 pixels while total 8403 pixels include landslides. The landslide inventory was randomly partitioned into two subsets: (1) part 1 that contains 50% (4000 landslide grid cells) was used in the training phase of the models; (2) part 2 is a validation dataset 50% (4000 landslide grid cells) for validation of three models and to confirm its accuracy. The digitally processed images of input parameters were combined in GIS. Finally, landslide susceptibility maps were produced, and the performances were assessed and discussed. Total fifteen landslide susceptibility maps were produced using DT, SVM and ANFIS based models, and the resultant maps were validated using the landslide locations. Prediction performances of these maps were checked by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) by using both success rate curve and prediction rate curve. The validation results showed that, area under the ROC curve for the fifteen models produced using DT, SVM and ANFIS varied from 0.8204 to 0.9421 for success rate curve and 0.7580 to 0.8307 for prediction rate curves, respectively. Moreover, the prediction curves revealed that model 5 of DT has slightly higher prediction performance (83.07), whereas the success rate showed that model 5 of ANFIS has better prediction (94.21) capability among all models. The results of this study showed that landslide susceptibility mapping in the Penang Hill area using the three approaches (e.g., DT, SVM and ANFIS) is viable. As far as the performance of the models are concerned, the results appeared to be quite satisfactory, i.e., the zones determined on the map being zones of relative susceptibility

Statistical Measures to Determine Optimal Structure of Decision Tree: One versus One Support Vector Machine

In this paper, one versus one optimal decision tree support vector machine (OvO-ODT SVM) framework is proposed to solve multi-class problems where the optimal structure of decision tree is determined using statistical measures, i.e., information gain, gini index, and chi-square. The performance of proposed OvO-ODT SVM is evaluated in terms of classification accuracy and computation time. It is also shown that proposed OvO-ODT SVM using all the three measures is more efficient in terms of time complexity for both training and testing phases in comparison to conventional OvO and support vector machine binary decision tree (SVMBDT). Experiments on University of California, Irvine (UCI) repository dataset illustrates that ten crossvalidation accuracy of our proposed framework is comparable or better in comparison to conventional OvO and SVM-BDT for most of the datasets. However, the proposed framework outperforms the conventional OvO and SVM-BDT for all the datasets in terms of both training and testing time.Defence Science Journal, 2010, 60(4), pp.399-404, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.60.50

Comparative Study in Determining Features Extraction for Islanding Detection using Data Mining Technique: Correlation and Coefficient Analysis

A comprehensive comparison study on the datamining based approaches for detecting islanding events in a power distribution system with inverter-based distributed generations is presented. The important features for each phase in the island detection scheme are investigated in detail. These features are extracted from the time-varying measurements of voltage, frequency and total harmonic distortion (THD) of current and voltage at the point of common coupling. Numerical studies were conducted on the IEEE 34-bus system considering various scenarios of islanding and non-islanding conditions. The features obtained are then used to train several data mining techniques such as decision tree, support vector machine, neural network, bagging and random forest (RF). The simulation results showed that the important feature parameters can be evaluated based on the correlation between the extracted features. From the results, the four important features that give accurate islanding detection are the fundamental voltage THD, fundamental current THD, rate of change of voltage magnitude and voltage deviation. Comparison studies demonstrated the effectiveness of the RF method in achieving high accuracy for islanding detection

IMPLEMENTATION OF PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION BASED MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHM FOR STUDENT PERFORMANCE PREDICTION

Education plays an important role in the development of a country, especially educational institutions as places where the educational process has an important goal to create quality education in improving student performance. Based on research conducted in the last few decades the quality of education in Portugal has improved, but statistics show that the failure rate of students in Portugal is high, especially in the fields of Mathematics and Portuguese. On the other hand, machine learning which is part of Artificial Intelligence is considered to be helpful in the field of education, one of which is in predicting student performance. However, measuring student performance becomes a challenge since student performance has several factors, one of which is the relationship of variables and factors for predicting the performance of participating in an orderly manner. This study aims to find out how the application of machine learning algorithms based on particle sworm optimization to predict student performance. By using experimental research methods and the results of empirical studies shown in each model, namely random forest, decision tree, support vector machine and particle swarm optimization based neural network can improve the accuracy of student performance predictions