256 research outputs found
Electronic institutions with normative environments for agent-based E-contracting
Tese de doutoramento. Engenharia InformƔtica. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 201
A Deontic Logic Analysis of Autonomous Systems' Safety
We consider the pressing question of how to model, verify, and ensure that
autonomous systems meet certain \textit{obligations} (like the obligation to
respect traffic laws), and refrain from impermissible behavior (like recklessly
changing lanes). Temporal logics are heavily used in autonomous system design;
however, as we illustrate here, temporal (alethic) logics alone are
inappropriate for reasoning about obligations of autonomous systems. This paper
proposes the use of Dominance Act Utilitarianism (DAU), a deontic logic of
agency, to encode and reason about obligations of autonomous systems. We use
DAU to analyze Intel's Responsibility-Sensitive Safety (RSS) proposal as a
real-world case study. We demonstrate that DAU can express well-posed RSS
rules, formally derive undesirable consequences of these rules, illustrate how
DAU could help design systems that have specific obligations, and how to
model-check DAU obligations.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, In 23rd ACM International Conference on Hybrid
Systems: Computation and Contro
Detection and resolution of normative conflicts in multi-agent systems : a literature survey
Peer reviewedPostprin
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Expressive Policy Analysis with Enhanced System Dynamicity
Despite several research studies, the effective analysis of policy based systems remains a significant challenge. Policy analysis should at least (i) be expressive (ii) take account of obligations and authorizations, (iii) include a dynamic system model, and (iv) give useful diagnostic information. We present a logic-based policy analysis framework which satisfies these requirements, showing how many significant policy-related properties can be analysed, and we give details of a prototype implementation. Copyright 2009 ACM
A validation process for a legal formalization method
peer reviewedThis volume contains the papers presented at LN2FR 2022: The International Workshop on Methodologies for Translating Legal Norms into Formal Representations, held on December 14, 2022 in a hybrid form (in person workshop was held in Saarland University, Saarbrucken) in association with 35th International Conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems (JURIX 2022). Using symbolic logic or similar methods of knowledge representation to formalise legal norms is one of the most traditional goals of legal informatics as a scientific discipline. More than mere theoretical value, this approach is also connected to promising real-world applications involving, e.g., the observance of legal norms by highly automated machines or even the (partial) automatisation of legal reasoning, leading to new automated legal services. Albeit the long research tradition on the use of logic to formalise legal norms-be it by using classic logic systems (e.g., first-order logic), be it by attempting to construct a specific system of logic of norms (e.g., deontic logic)-, many challenges involved in the development of an adequate methodology for the formalisation of concrete legal regulations remain unsolved. This includes not only the choice of a sufficiently expressive formal language or model, but also the concrete way through which a legal text formulated in natural language is to be translated into the formal representation. The workshop LN2FR seeked to explore the various challenges connected with the task of using formal languages and models to represent legal norms in a machine-readable manner. We had 13 submissions, which were reviewed by 2 or 3 reviewers. Among these, we selected 11 papers (seven long papers, three short papers, one published paper) for presentation and discussion
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