Compact Circular Polarized Antenna Design With H-Shaped Slots And Stair Notches For Wireless LAN Application Of 2.4 GHz

This paper presents the design of a circular polarized antenna for wireless communication system. Firstly, the linear polarization antenna is simulated in the CST Microwave Studio. This linear polarization antenna is designed by using double H-shaped slots, coplanar waveguide (CPW) and stair notches at the patch techniques. Then, the truncated corners at the patch are designed to create a circular polarization antenna. The dimension of this circular polarization antenna is 28 mm width x 33 mm length. Both antennas are designed for a single frequency operation band at 2.4 GHz. The return-loss performance of the circular polarized antenna is - 46.785 dB and – 39.758 dB for each simulation and measurement respectively

Compact Circular Polarized Antenna Design with H-Shaped Slots and Stair Notches for Wireless LAN Application of 2.4 GHz

This paper presents the design of a circular polarized antenna for wireless communication system. Firstly, the linear polarization antenna is simulated in the CST Microwave Studio. This linear polarization antenna is designed by using double H-shaped slots, coplanar waveguide (CPW) and stair notches at the patch techniques. Then, the truncated corners at the patch are designed to create a circular polarization antenna. The dimension of this circular polarization antenna is 28 mm width x 33 mm length. Both antennas are designed for a single frequency operation band at 2.4 GHz. The return-loss performance of the circular polarized antenna is - 46.785 dB and – 39.758 dB for each simulation and measurement respectivel

Design of circular polarized antenna with metasurface

Wireless communication such as Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) has become the fastest-growing segment with the demand for higher data rates and long-range antenna in order to obtain fast information at any time and anywhere. Therefore, smaller antenna size with high performance and low cost has received a lot of attention. In this case, circular polarized (CP) antennas were very promising when a transmitter and a receiver were deployed without causing polarization mismatch effect. Despite that conventional circular polarized microstrip patch antenna usually has narrow bandwidth and low gain. Thus, slot or aperture was introduced to enhance the antenna bandwidth and metasurface was integrated to the antenna for high gain characteristics at the same time provide simple and miniaturize size. Therefore, this research focusing on designing a circularly polarized antenna with metasurface. The antennas were designed, simulate, and fabricate based on the single feed aperture technique. Then, the integration of metasurface was studied. The project begins with the design of the basic structure of the aperture circular polarization antenna (Design A) and continues the process of refinement by implementing the stripline feeding method (Design B). By using the stripline method, the antenna gain enhance about 2 dB and broaden the axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) more than 2 GHz from Design A. Then, the optimum designed antenna was combined with a simple truncate square metasurface structure (Design D1 and Design D2) and the performance was analyzed. Design and simulation of the antenna were performed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. The antennas were designed, simulated, and fabricated by using the FR-4 substrate. Overall, Design B, Design D1, and Design D2 cover 5.5 GHz frequency with circular polarized (CP) operating bandwidth more than 1000 MHz. In addition, all the designs have more than 5 dB gain with miniature size up to 50%. Other antenna parameters such as return loss, directivity, and efficiency showed a good acceptable performance throughout the operating bandwidth. Therefore, a circularly polarized antenna with metasurface provides wide bandwidth and high gain which is an appropriate candidate for WLAN application

An Electronically Reconfigurable Patch Antenna Design for Polarization Diversity with Fixed Resonant Frequency

In this paper, an electronically polarization reconfigurable circular patch antenna with fixed resonant frequency operating at Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) frequency band (2.4-2.48 GHz) is presented. The structure of the proposed design consists of a circular patch as a radiating element fed by coaxial probe, cooperated with four equal-length slits etched on the edge along x-axis and y-axis. A total of four switches was used and embedded across the slits at specific locations, thus controlled the length of the slits. By activating and deactivating the switches (ON and OFF) across the slits, the current on the patch is changed, thus modifying the electric field and polarization of the antenna. Consequently, the polarization excited by the proposed antenna can be switched into three types, either linear polarization, left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization. This paper proposes a simple approach that able to switch the polarizations and excited at the same operating frequency. Simulated and measured results of ideal case (using copper strip switches) and real case (using PIN diode switches) are compared and presented to demonstrate the performance of the antenna

Filtering antenna for Wlan application

This project presents the performance enhancement of an integrated circular filter antenna with resonator at operating frequency of 5.8 GHz. The integrated circular filter antenna with resonator provided the better selectivity as well as in bandwidth compared to the conventional microstrip patch antenna. A T-shape radiating patch is utilized as resonator. The integration of T-shape filter and circular microstrip antenna achieved the improvement of the selectivity and the gain. The simulation of the integrated circular filter antenna is done by using CST Microwave Simulation software tool. The result obtained for the value of the reflection coefficient is below the -10dB within the rage of frequencies 5.70 GHz to 5.88 GHz. The integrated circular filter antenna is suitable use in the modern radar and wireless communication devices

Reconfiguration of Polarized Antennas for WLAN Applications

Wireless technology based on the IEEE 802.11 standard and in accordance with the KEMINFO 2019 regulations requires antennas that can adapt to changing environments. Microstrip antennas are a good solution to meet the current technological advancements because they have several advantages, such as a simple design, lightweight, easy manufacturing, and low cost. When designing a microstrip antenna, bandwidth parameters must be observed. The bandwidth of a microstrip antenna is narrow. In order to work properly, some simple techniques can be used to increase antenna bandwidth. This research proposes a reconfigurable microstrip antenna polarization using a U-slot at a frequency of (2.4– 2.485) GHz for WLAN applications. The proposed antenna reconfiguration utilizes two (2) switching mechanisms that can be turned on and off individually or simultaneously. The results of the simulation showed that Ant. 1 and Ant. 2 have a linear polarization (LP), Ant. 1 has a bandwidth of 85 MHz (2.399 – 2.484) GHz, and Ant.2 has a bandwidth of 87 MHz (2.398– 2.485) GHz, both with S-parameter values ≤-9.54 dB. Then, Ant. 3 has a right circular polarization with a bandwidth value of 124 MHz (2.397 – 2.484) GHz, and Ant. 4 has a left circular polarization with a bandwidth value of 87 MHz (2.398 – 2.485) GHz at the Axial Ratio (AR) limit of ≤ 3 dB

Reconfigurable Wideband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications

In this thesis, developments of rectangular microstrip patch antenna to have circular polarization agility with wideband performance, for wireless applications are presented. First, a new technique to achieve circularly polarized (CP) probe feed single-layer microstrip patch antenna with wideband characteristics is proposed. The antenna is a modified form of the popular E-shaped patch, used to broaden the impedance bandwidth of a basic rectangular patch antenna. This is established by letting the two parallel slots of the E-patch unequal. Thus, by introducing asymmetry two orthogonal currents on the patch are excited and circularly polarized fields are realized. The proposed technique exhibits the advantage of the simplicity inherent in the E-shaped patch design. It requires only slot lengths, widths, and position parameters to be determined. Also, it is suitable for later adding the reconfigurable capability. With the aid of full-wave simulator Ansoft HFSS, investigations on the effect of various dimensions of the antenna have been carried out via parametric analysis. Based on these investigations, a design procedure for a CP E-shaped patch is summarized. Various design examples with different substrate thicknesses and material types are presented and compared, with CP U-slot patch antennas, recently proposed in the literature. A prototype has been constructed following the suggested design procedure to cover the IEEE 802.11b/g WLAN band. The performance of the fabricated antenna was measured and compared with the simulation results for the reflection coefficient, axial ratio, radiation pattern, and antenna gain. Good agreement is achieved between simulation and measured results demonstrating a high gain and wideband performance. Second, a polarization reconfigurable single feed E-shaped patch antenna with wideband performance is proposed. The antenna is capable of switching from right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) to left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and vice versa, with the aid of two RF PIN diodes that act as RF switches. The proposed structure which is simple; consists of a single-layer single fed radiating E-shaped patch and RF switch placed on each of its slots at an appropriate location. The design targets WLAN IEEE 802.11b/g frequency band (2.4- 2.5 GHz) as one example of the wireless applications. The idea is based on the first proposed design. In other words, if one of the switches is ON and the other is OFF, the two slot lengths will become effectively unequal and circular polarization will be obtained. If the states of the two switches are reversed, circular polarization with opposite orientation will be obtained at the same frequency band. Full-wave simulator Ansoft HFSS is again used for the analysis. Complete detailed DC biasing circuit of the switches for integration with the antenna is presented. Also, characterizations of the microwave components used in the biasing circuit are discussed. Antenna prototype has been fabricated and tested. Simulation results along with the measured one, for the reflection coefficient, axial ratio, radiation pattern, and antenna gain agree well, showing wide bandwidth and high gain for the two circularly polarized modes

Bidirectional Antenna for 2.4-ghz WLAN Application Inside Train

In this paper, a bidirectional antenna is presented for a WLAN application inside monorail train. The Yagi Uda antenna has directional characteristic that is suitable for the long path service area. The design concept of the proposed antenna has two directional antennas combined pointed in opposite direction which only involves the driven element and directors. The Yagi Uda design of bidirectional antenna operates in the frequency band of 2.4 GHz. The antenna is proposed with a thickness of 1.6mm and relative permittivity of 4.3 on FR4 substratum. Resonant frequency is set at 2.42 GHz with a bandwidth of 390 MHz from simulation work. The proposed antenna also met the estimated antenna bandwidth at a range of 2.23 GHz-2.63 GHz, and the bidirectional pattern. Both simulated and measured result are well matched

Dual circular-polarized slot antenna design for wireless mimo system at 2.4 ghz

This work proposed a dual circular-polarized slot antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) application at 2.4 GHz. The proposed design is simulated by using FR-4 as is substrates. In this work, three stages of antenna had been simulated in CST Microwave Studio. First two antenna, Design 1-A and Design 1-B is containing a single polarized antenna with different feedline port location. An X-shaped structure is located at the middle of the patch at angle of 42.5 degrees. Then, dual feedline port antenna, Design B1 are designed to create dual circular-polarized effect. The return loss S11 results at 2.4 GHz of Design 2-A antenna are-21.511 dB and-28.48 dB for simulation results and measurement results, respectively. For axial ratio for Port 1 and Port 2 are 0.63 and 1.12, respectively. In the end, the simulation and measured antenna design are compared

Wideband and UWB antennas for wireless applications. A comprehensive review

A comprehensive review concerning the geometry, the manufacturing technologies, the materials, and the numerical techniques, adopted for the analysis and design of wideband and ultrawideband (UWB) antennas for wireless applications, is presented. Planar, printed, dielectric, and wearable antennas, achievable on laminate (rigid and flexible), and textile dielectric substrates are taken into account. The performances of small, low-profile, and dielectric resonator antennas are illustrated paying particular attention to the application areas concerning portable devices (mobile phones, tablets, glasses, laptops, wearable computers, etc.) and radio base stations. This information provides a guidance to the selection of the different antenna geometries in terms of bandwidth, gain, field polarization, time-domain response, dimensions, and materials useful for their realization and integration in modern communication systems