3 research outputs found

    Electronically Tunable Single-Input Multi-Output Current- Mode Biquad Filter Suitable for Easy Cascading

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    This paper presents a new current-mode (CM) multi-function filter with one input and three outputs. The filter uses only three multi-output inverting second generation current conveyors (ICCIIs), two grounded capacitors and two MOS resistors. Without using any external passive elements, the proposed circuit can simultaneously realize lowpass (LP), bandpass (BP) and highpass (HP) responses without any matching or cancellation conditions, all at high impedance outputs which is important for easy cascading in CM operation. The bandstop (BS) and allpass (AP) responses can be obtained by connecting appropriate output currents directly without using additional active elements. The parameters ωo and Q, can be electronically tuned by adjusting the bias voltages of the MOS resistances. The proposed circuit enjoys low sensitivities

    Low Voltage Low Power Analogue Circuits Design

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    DisertačnĂ­ prĂĄce je zaměƙena na vĂœzkum nejbÄ›ĆŸnějĆĄĂ­ch metod, kterĂ© se vyuĆŸĂ­vajĂ­ pƙi nĂĄvrhu analogovĂœch obvodĆŻ s vyuĆŸitĂ­ nĂ­zkonapěƄovĂœch (LV) a nĂ­zkopƙíkonovĂœch (LP) struktur. Tyto LV LP obvody mohou bĂœt vytvoƙeny dĂ­ky vyspělĂœm technologiĂ­m nebo takĂ© vyuĆŸitĂ­m pokročilĂœch technik nĂĄvrhu. DisertačnĂ­ prĂĄce se zabĂœvĂĄ prĂĄvě pokročilĂœmi technikami nĂĄvrhu, pƙedevĆĄĂ­m pak nekonvenčnĂ­mi. Mezi tyto techniky patƙí vyuĆŸitĂ­ prvkĆŻ s ƙízenĂœm substrĂĄtem (bulk-driven - BD), s plovoucĂ­m hradlem (floating-gate - FG), s kvazi plovoucĂ­m hradlem (quasi-floating-gate - QFG), s ƙízenĂœm substrĂĄtem s plovoucĂ­m hradlem (bulk-driven floating-gate - BD-FG) a s ƙízenĂœm substrĂĄtem s kvazi plovoucĂ­m hradlem (quasi-floating-gate - BD-QFG). PrĂĄce je takĂ© orientovĂĄna na moĆŸnĂ© zpĆŻsoby implementace znĂĄmĂœch a modernĂ­ch aktivnĂ­ch prvkĆŻ pracujĂ­cĂ­ch v napěƄovĂ©m, proudovĂ©m nebo mix-mĂłdu. Mezi tyto prvky lze začlenit zesilovače typu OTA (operational transconductance amplifier), CCII (second generation current conveyor), FB-CCII (fully-differential second generation current conveyor), FB-DDA (fully-balanced differential difference amplifier), VDTA (voltage differencing transconductance amplifier), CC-CDBA (current-controlled current differencing buffered amplifier) a CFOA (current feedback operational amplifier). Za Ășčelem potvrzenĂ­ funkčnosti a chovĂĄnĂ­ vĂœĆĄe zmĂ­něnĂœch struktur a prvkĆŻ byly vytvoƙeny pƙíklady aplikacĂ­, kterĂ© simulujĂ­ usměrƈovacĂ­ a induktančnĂ­ vlastnosti diody, dĂĄle pak filtry dolnĂ­ propusti, pĂĄsmovĂ© propusti a takĂ© univerzĂĄlnĂ­ filtry. VĆĄechny aktivnĂ­ prvky a pƙíklady aplikacĂ­ byly ověƙeny pomocĂ­ PSpice simulacĂ­ s vyuĆŸitĂ­m parametrĆŻ technologie 0,18 m TSMC CMOS. Pro ilustraci pƙesnĂ©ho a ĂșčinnĂ©ho chovĂĄnĂ­ struktur je v disertačnĂ­ prĂĄci zahrnuto velkĂ© mnoĆŸstvĂ­ simulačnĂ­ch vĂœsledkĆŻ.The dissertation thesis is aiming at examining the most common methods adopted by analog circuits' designers in order to achieve low voltage (LV) low power (LP) configurations. The capability of LV LP operation could be achieved either by developed technologies or by design techniques. The thesis is concentrating upon design techniques, especially the non–conventional ones which are bulk–driven (BD), floating–gate (FG), quasi–floating–gate (QFG), bulk–driven floating–gate (BD–FG) and bulk–driven quasi–floating–gate (BD–QFG) techniques. The thesis also looks at ways of implementing structures of well–known and modern active elements operating in voltage–, current–, and mixed–mode such as operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), second generation current conveyor (CCII), fully–differential second generation current conveyor (FB–CCII), fully–balanced differential difference amplifier (FB–DDA), voltage differencing transconductance amplifier (VDTA), current–controlled current differencing buffered amplifier (CC–CDBA) and current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA). In order to confirm the functionality and behavior of these configurations and elements, they have been utilized in application examples such as diode–less rectifier and inductance simulations, as well as low–pass, band–pass and universal filters. All active elements and application examples have been verified by PSpice simulator using the 0.18 m TSMC CMOS parameters. Sufficient numbers of simulated plots are included in this thesis to illustrate the precise and strong behavior of structures.

    Fully-Differential Frequency Filters with Modern Active Elements

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    Tato disertačnĂ­ prĂĄce se zaměƙuje na vĂœzkum v oblasti frekvenčnĂ­ch filtrĆŻ. HlavnĂ­m cĂ­lem je navrhnout a analyzovat plně diferenčnĂ­ kmitočtovĂ© filtry pracujĂ­cĂ­ v proudovĂ©m mĂłdu a vyuĆŸĂ­vajĂ­cĂ­ modernĂ­ aktivnĂ­ prvky. PrezentovanĂ© filtry jsou navrĆŸeny za pouĆŸitĂ­ proudovĂœch sledovačƯ, operačnĂ­ch transkonduktančnĂ­ch zesilovačƯ, plně diferenčnĂ­ch proudovĂœch zesilovačƯ a transrezistančnĂ­ch zesilovačƯ. NĂĄvrh se zaměƙuje na moĆŸnost ƙídit některĂœ z typickĂœch parametrĆŻ filtru pomocĂ­ ƙiditelnĂœch aktivnĂ­ch prvkĆŻ, kterĂ© jsou vhodně umĂ­stněny do obvodovĂ© struktury. JednotlivĂ© prezentovanĂ© filtry jsou navrĆŸeny v nediferenčnĂ­ a diferenčnĂ­ verzi. VelkĂœ dĆŻraz je věnovĂĄn srovnĂĄnĂ­ plně diferenčnĂ­ch struktur s jejich odpovĂ­dajĂ­cĂ­mi nediferenčnĂ­mi formami. Funkčnost jednotlivĂœch nĂĄvrhĆŻ je ověƙena simulacemi a v některĂœch pƙípadech i experimentĂĄlnĂ­m měƙenĂ­m.This doctoral thesis focuses on research in the field of frequency filters. The main goal is to propose and analyze fully-differential current-mode frequency filters employing modern active elements. Presented filters are proposed using current followers, operational transconductance amplifiers, digitally adjustable current amplifiers and transresistance amplifiers. The proposal is focusing on ability to control some of the typical filter parameter or parameters using controllable active elements suitably placed in the circuit structure. Individual presented filters are proposed in their single-ended and fully-differential forms. Great emphasis is paid to a comparison of the fully-differential structures and their corresponding single-ended forms. The functionality of each proposal is verified by simulations and in some cases also by experimental measurements.
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