20 research outputs found
Separating pseudo-telepathy games and two-local theories
We give an separation between 5-party pseudo-telepathy games
and two-local theories. We define the notion of strategy in a k-local theory
for a game, and extend the method of Chao and Reichardt. We also study
variation of the game to minimize the classical winning probability
How Quantum Information can improve Social Welfare
It has been shown elsewhere that quantum resources can allow us to achieve a
family of equilibria that can have sometimes a better social welfare, while
guaranteeing privacy. We use graph games to propose a way to build
non-cooperative games from graph states, and we show how to achieve an
unlimited improvement with quantum advice compared to classical advice
Improving social welfare in non-cooperative games with different types of quantum resources
We investigate what quantum advantages can be obtained in multipartite non-cooperative games by studying how different types of quantum resources can improve social welfare, a measure of the quality of a Nash equilibrium. We study how these advantages in quantum social welfare depend on the bias of the game, and improve upon the separation that was previously obtained using pseudo-telepathic strategies. Two different quantum settings are analysed: a first, in which players are given direct access to an entangled quantum state, and a second, which we introduce here, in which they are only given classical advice obtained from quantum devices. For a given game G, these two settings give rise to different equilibria characterised by the sets of equilibrium correlations Qcorr(G) and Q(G), respectively. We show that Q(G) ⊆ Qcorr(G) and, by considering explicit example games and exploiting SDP optimisation methods, provide indications of a strict separation between the social welfare attainable in the two settings. This provides a new angle towards understanding the limits and advantages of delegating quantum measurements
Noisy three-player dilemma game: Robustness of the quantum advantage
Games involving quantum strategies often yield higher payoff. Here, we study
a practical realization of the three-player dilemma game using the
superconductivity-based quantum processors provided by IBM Q Experience. We
analyze the persistence of the quantum advantage under corruption of the input
states and how this depends on parameters of the payoff table. Specifically,
experimental fidelity and error are observed not to be properly anti
correlated, i.e., there are instances where a class of experiments with higher
fidelity yields a greater error in the payoff. Further, we find that the
classical strategy will always outperform the quantum strategy if corruption is
higher than half.Comment: Persistence of the quantum advantage under corruption of the input
states is analyzed for a 3-player dilemma game implemented using
superconductivity-based quantum processor
Quantum magic rectangles: Characterization and application to certified randomness expansion
We study a generalization of the Mermin-Peres magic square game to arbitrary
rectangular dimensions. After exhibiting some general properties, these
rectangular games are fully characterized in terms of their optimal win
probabilities for quantum strategies. We find that for rectangular
games of dimensions there are quantum strategies that win with
certainty, while for dimensions quantum strategies do not
outperform classical strategies. The final case of dimensions is
richer, and we give upper and lower bounds that both outperform the classical
strategies. Finally, we apply our findings to quantum certified randomness
expansion to find the noise tolerance and rates for all magic rectangle games.
To do this, we use our previous results to obtain the winning probability of
games with a distinguished input for which the devices give a deterministic
outcome, and follow the analysis of C. A. Miller and Y. Shi [SIAM J. Comput.
46, 1304 (2017)].Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures; published version with minor correction
Improving social welfare in non-cooperative games with different types of quantum resources
We investigate what quantum advantages can be obtained in multipartite non-cooperative games by studying how different types of quantum resources can lead to new Nash equilibria and improve social welfare — a measure of the quality of an equilibrium. Two different quantum settings are analysed: a first, in which players are given direct access to an entangled quantum state, and a second, which we introduce here, in which they are only given classical advice obtained from quantum devices. For a given game , these two settings give rise to different equilibria characterised by the sets of equilibrium correlations and , respectively. We show that , and by exploiting the self-testing property of some correlations, that the inclusion is strict for some games . We make use of SDP optimisation techniques to study how these quantum resources can improve social welfare, obtaining upper and lower bounds on the social welfare reachable in each setting. We investigate, for several games involving conflicting interests, how the social welfare depends on the bias of the game and improve upon a separation that was previously obtained using pseudo-telepathic solutions
Bell nonlocality
Bell's 1964 theorem, which states that the predictions of quantum theory
cannot be accounted for by any local theory, represents one of the most
profound developments in the foundations of physics. In the last two decades,
Bell's theorem has been a central theme of research from a variety of
perspectives, mainly motivated by quantum information science, where the
nonlocality of quantum theory underpins many of the advantages afforded by a
quantum processing of information. The focus of this review is to a large
extent oriented by these later developments. We review the main concepts and
tools which have been developed to describe and study the nonlocality of
quantum theory, and which have raised this topic to the status of a full
sub-field of quantum information science.Comment: 65 pages, 7 figures. Final versio