21,442 research outputs found
Intrinsically-generated fluctuating activity in excitatory-inhibitory networks
Recurrent networks of non-linear units display a variety of dynamical regimes
depending on the structure of their synaptic connectivity. A particularly
remarkable phenomenon is the appearance of strongly fluctuating, chaotic
activity in networks of deterministic, but randomly connected rate units. How
this type of intrinsi- cally generated fluctuations appears in more realistic
networks of spiking neurons has been a long standing question. To ease the
comparison between rate and spiking networks, recent works investigated the
dynami- cal regimes of randomly-connected rate networks with segregated
excitatory and inhibitory populations, and firing rates constrained to be
positive. These works derived general dynamical mean field (DMF) equations
describing the fluctuating dynamics, but solved these equations only in the
case of purely inhibitory networks. Using a simplified excitatory-inhibitory
architecture in which DMF equations are more easily tractable, here we show
that the presence of excitation qualitatively modifies the fluctuating activity
compared to purely inhibitory networks. In presence of excitation,
intrinsically generated fluctuations induce a strong increase in mean firing
rates, a phenomenon that is much weaker in purely inhibitory networks.
Excitation moreover induces two different fluctuating regimes: for moderate
overall coupling, recurrent inhibition is sufficient to stabilize fluctuations,
for strong coupling, firing rates are stabilized solely by the upper bound
imposed on activity, even if inhibition is stronger than excitation. These
results extend to more general network architectures, and to rate networks
receiving noisy inputs mimicking spiking activity. Finally, we show that
signatures of the second dynamical regime appear in networks of
integrate-and-fire neurons
Granger causality and the inverse Ising problem
We study Ising models for describing data and show that autoregressive
methods may be used to learn their connections, also in the case of asymmetric
connections and for multi-spin interactions. For each link the linear Granger
causality is two times the corresponding transfer entropy (i.e. the information
flow on that link) in the weak coupling limit. For sparse connections and a low
number of samples, the L1 regularized least squares method is used to detect
the interacting pairs of spins. Nonlinear Granger causality is related to
multispin interactions.Comment: 6 pages and 8 figures. Revised version in press on Physica
The forward approximation as a mean field approximation for the Anderson and Many Body Localization transitions
In this paper we analyze the predictions of the forward approximation in some
models which exhibit an Anderson (single-) or many-body localized phase. This
approximation, which consists in summing over the amplitudes of only the
shortest paths in the locator expansion, is known to over-estimate the critical
value of the disorder which determines the onset of the localized phase.
Nevertheless, the results provided by the approximation become more and more
accurate as the local coordination (dimensionality) of the graph, defined by
the hopping matrix, is made larger. In this sense, the forward approximation
can be regarded as a mean field theory for the Anderson transition in infinite
dimensions. The sum can be efficiently computed using transfer matrix
techniques, and the results are compared with the most precise exact
diagonalization results available.
For the Anderson problem, we find a critical value of the disorder which is
off the most precise available numerical value already in 5 spatial
dimensions, while for the many-body localized phase of the Heisenberg model
with random fields the critical disorder is strikingly close
to the most recent results obtained by exact diagonalization. In both cases we
obtain a critical exponent . In the Anderson case, the latter does not
show dependence on the dimensionality, as it is common within mean field
approximations.
We discuss the relevance of the correlations between the shortest paths for
both the single- and many-body problems, and comment on the connections of our
results with the problem of directed polymers in random medium
Realizations of infinite products, Ruelle operators and wavelet filters
Using the notions and tools from realization in the sense of systems theory,
we establish an explicit and new realization formula for families of infinite
products of rational matrix-functions of a single complex variable. Our
realizations of these resulting infinite products have the following four
features: 1) Our infinite product realizations are functions defined in an
infinite-dimensional complex domain. 2) Starting with a realization of a single
rational matrix-function , we show that a resulting infinite product
realization obtained from takes the form of an (infinite-dimensional)
Toeplitz operator with a symbol that is a reflection of the initial realization
for . 3) Starting with a subclass of rational matrix functions, including
scalar-valued corresponding to low-pass wavelet filters, we obtain the
corresponding infinite products that realize the Fourier transforms of
generators of wavelets. 4) We use both the
realizations for and the corresponding infinite product to produce a matrix
representation of the Ruelle-transfer operators used in wavelet theory. By
matrix representation we refer to the slanted (and sparse) matrix which
realizes the Ruelle-transfer operator under consideration.Comment: corrected versio
- …