Supercomputing futures : the next sharing paradigm for HPC resources : economic model, market analysis and consequences for the Grid

À la croisée des chemins du génie informatique, de la finance et de l'économétrie, cette thèse se veut fondamentalement un exercice en ingénierie économique dont l' objectif est de contribuer un système novateur, durable et adaptatif pour le partage de resources de calcul haute-performance. Empruntant à la finance fondamentale et à l'analyse technique, le modèle proposé construit des ratios et des indices de marché à partir de statistiques transactionnelles. Cette approche, encourageant les comportements stratégiques, pave la voie à une métaphore de partage plus efficace pour la Grid, où l'échange de ressources se voit maintenant pondéré. Le concept de monnaie de Grid, un instrument beaucoup plus liquide et utilisable que le troc de resources comme telles est proposé: les Grid Credits. Bien que les indices proposés ne doivent pas être considérés comme des indicateurs absolus et contraignants, ils permettent néanmoins aux négociants de se faire une idée de la valeur au marché des différentes resources avant de se positionner. Semblable sur de multiples facettes aux bourses de commodités, le Grid Exchange, tel que présenté, permet l'échange de resources via un mécanisme de double-encan. Néanmoins, comme les resources de super-calculateurs n'ont rien de standardisé, la plate-forme permet l'échange d'ensemble de commodités, appelés requirement sets, pour les clients, et component sets, pour les fournisseurs. Formellement, ce modèle économique n'est qu'une autre instance de la théorie des jeux non-coopératifs, qui atteint éventuellement ses points d'équilibre. Suivant les règles du "libre-marché", les utilisateurs sont encouragés à spéculer, achetant, ou vendant, à leur bon vouloir, l'utilisation des différentes composantes de superordinateurs. En fin de compte, ce nouveau paradigme de partage de resources pour la Grid dresse la table à une nouvelle économie et une foule de possibilités. Investissement et positionnement stratégique, courtiers, spéculateurs et même la couverture de risque technologique sont autant d'avenues qui s'ouvrent à l'horizon de la recherche dans le domaine

Modeling Growing Economies in Equilibrium and Disequilibrium

The papers in this volume were presented and discussed at a meeting held at IIASA. The meeting's goals were to stimulate interaction and collaboration, and to encourage setting research priorities for the future. Indeed, it is in this latter area where the meeting appeared to yield some of its greatest benefits. It became clear from the deliberations that much needs to be done to better specify the microfoundations of general equilibrium models. More realistic specifications of "conflict resolution" in resource allocation, in both market and nonmarket economies, need to be developed. Equally importantly, much work is required to explore the role of economic disequilibrium in economic growth and development. "Equilibrium" and "disequilibrium" are positive, not normative concepts; neither view is right or wrong; neither will necessarily yield desired social outcomes at all stages of development, or across all regions. Rather, they yield quite different outcomes, which themselves should be subjects for scientific inquiry. The meeting pointed out the potential for expanding the conceptions of general equilibrium modeling to incorporate elements of disequilibrium analysis, so that this framework may not only be increasingly relevant to Eastern countries, but so that the possibilities of East-West interaction on critical aspects of resource allocation and economic growth can be enhanced

Development of a community-based framework to manage prosumers in smart grid

This dissertation proposes frameworks to address key research challenges of managing prosumers in smart grid in the form of prosumer community groups (PCGs) namely PCG definition and characterization, new prosumer recruitment, multiple goals management and mutual goal definition and member assessment and ranking. The existing literature has very little to offer, by way of either reviewing the related concepts of PCGs or resolving the associated challenges, making our work novel within the research field

The theory and practice of electricity pricing policy : alternatives for the State Electricity Commission of Victoria

This study endeavours to show how the social and political influences of the environment within which an electricity undertaking operates can be incorporated into an economically efficient pricing policy. We have taken one undertaking, the State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), and closely examined the outside influences on its pricing policy. We then show how these influences can be included in a pricing system which reflects costs more accurately than does the existing system. The study is in three parts. In Part A we discuss the theory of Peak Load Pricing and reconcile this theory with the work done on optimizing welfare under a budget constraint. Part B is devoted to an examination of the social and political factors which influence the SECV's pricing policy. In Part C, the final two chapters, we explain the SECV's present pricing policy and present an alternative which retains all of the existing outside influences explained in Part B while reflecting the economic costs of supply

Management: A continuing literature survey with indexes

This bibliography lists 782 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in 1977. The citations, and abstracts when available, are reproduced exactly as they appeared originally in IAA and STAR, including the original accession numbers from the respective announcement journals. Topics cover the management of research and development contracts, production, logistics, personnel, safety, reliability and quality control citations. Includes references on: program, project and systems management; management policy, philosophy, tools, and techniques; decisionmaking processes for managers; technology assessment; management of urban problems; and information for managers on Federal resources, expenditures, financing, and budgeting

Modeling of Large-Scale Energy Systems; Proceedings of the IIASA/IFAC Symposium on Modeling of Large-Scale Energy Systems

The problem of the seventies was energy, and the business of modeling energy systems boomed. As models became more sophisticated, and as the international and intercontinental aspects of the energy problem became clearer, the boundaries of the energy systems being modeled grew to the point where it was useful to distinguish a special category of energy models: those dealing with large-scale energy systems. Practical experience in building and applying models for large-scale energy systems has been accumulating at a rapid rate in recent years. Thus, to contribute to communicating and assimilating some of the lessons learned in the seventies about modeling large-scale energy systems, the Systems Engineering Committee of IFAC (the International Federation of Automatic Control) and the Energy Systems Program at IIASA organized an international symposium on this subject. This volume contains 43 papers given at the symposium

Energy: A continuing bibliography with indexes

This bibliography lists 1546 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system from April 1, 1981 through June 30, 1981

Proceedings of the Conference on Production Systems and Logistics: CPSL 2022

[no abstract available

2000-2002 Course Catalog

2000-2002 Course Catalo

The CO2DB inventory and its application in a comparative assessment of electricity end use options

he greenhouse gas mitigation technology inventory developed at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis over the last five years, CO2DB, its software capabilities and the present coverage of technologies are discussed. For some clusters of the more than 1400 technologies represented in the database, the frequencies of investment estimates are analyzed. The special capability of CO2DB to evaluate full energy conversion chains, from primary extraction to final utilization of energy, is applied in a comparison of various options to reduce the CO2 emissions related to a specific application of electricity. This evaluation proves useful in the numerical comparison of the cost of reducing CO2 emissions by various technological options