4,331 research outputs found
An acoustic charge transport imager for high definition television applications
In this report we present the progress during the second six month period of the project. This includes both experimental and theoretical work on the acoustic charge transport (ACT) portion of the chip, the theoretical program modelling of both the avalanche photodiode (APD) and the charge transfer and overflow transistor and the materials growth and fabrication part of the program
What Really is `Molecule' in Molecular Communications? The Quest for Physics of Particle-based Information Carriers
Molecular communication, as implied by its name, uses molecules as
information carriers for communication between objects. It has an advantage
over traditional electromagnetic-wave-based communication in that
molecule-based systems could be biocompatible, operable in challenging
environments, and energetically undemanding. Consequently, they are envisioned
to have a broad range of applications, such as in the Internet of Bio-nano
Things, targeted drug delivery, and agricultural monitoring. Despite the rapid
development of the field, with an increasing number of theoretical models and
experimental testbeds established by researchers, a fundamental aspect of the
field has often been sidelined, namely, the nature of the molecule in molecular
communication.
The potential information molecules could exhibit a wide range of properties,
making them require drastically different treatments when being modeled and
experimented upon. Therefore, in this paper, we delve into the intricacies of
commonly used information molecules, examining their fundamental physical
characteristics, associated communication systems, and potential applications
in a more realistic manner, focusing on the influence of their own properties.
Through this comprehensive survey, we aim to offer a novel yet essential
perspective on molecular communication, thereby bridging the current gap
between theoretical research and real-world applications
Characterization of cooperators in Quorum sensing with 2D molecular signal analysis
In quorum sensing (QS), bacteria exchange molecular signals to work together. An analytically-tractable model is presented for characterizing QS signal propagation within a population of bacteria and the number of responsive cooperative bacteria (i.e., cooperators) in a two-dimensional (2D) environment. Unlike prior works with a deterministic topology and a simplified molecular propagation channel, this work considers continuous emission, diffusion, degradation, and reception among randomly-distributed bacteria. Using stochastic geometry, the 2D channel response and the corresponding probability of cooperation at a bacterium are derived. Based on this probability, new expressions are derived for the moment generating function and different orders of moments of the number of cooperators. The analytical results agree with the simulation results obtained by a particle-based method. In addition, the Poisson and Gaussian distributions are compared to approximate the distribution of the number of cooperators and the Poisson distribution provides the best overall approximation. The derived channel response can be generally applied to any molecular communication model where single or multiple transmitters continuously release molecules into a 2D environment. The derived statistics of the number of cooperators can be used to predict and control the QS process, e.g., predicting and decreasing the likelihood of biofilm formation
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