Book of abstracts of the 10th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference: CHEMPOR 2008

This book contains the extended abstracts presented at the 10th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference - CHEMPOR 2008, held in Braga, Portugal, over 3 days, from the 4th to the 6th of September, 2008. Previous editions took place in Lisboa (1975, 1889, 1998), Braga (1978), Póvoa de Varzim (1981), Coimbra (1985, 2005), Porto (1993), and Aveiro (2001). The conference was jointly organized by the University of Minho, “Ordem dos Engenheiros”, and the IBB - Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering with the usual support of the “Sociedade Portuguesa de Química” and, by the first time, of the “Sociedade Portuguesa de Biotecnologia”. Thirty years elapsed since CHEMPOR was held at the University of Minho, organized by T.R. Bott, D. Allen, A. Bridgwater, J.J.B. Romero, L.J.S. Soares and J.D.R.S. Pinheiro. We are fortunate to have Profs. Bott, Soares and Pinheiro in the Honor Committee of this 10th edition, under the high Patronage of his Excellency the President of the Portuguese Republic, Prof. Aníbal Cavaco Silva. The opening ceremony will confer Prof. Bott with a “Long Term Achievement” award acknowledging the important contribution Prof. Bott brought along more than 30 years to the development of the Chemical Engineering science, to the launch of CHEMPOR series and specially to the University of Minho. Prof. Bott’s inaugural lecture will address the importance of effective energy management in processing operations, particularly in the effectiveness of heat recovery and the associated reduction in greenhouse gas emission from combustion processes. The CHEMPOR series traditionally brings together both young and established researchers and end users to discuss recent developments in different areas of Chemical Engineering. The scope of this edition is broadening out by including the Biological Engineering research. One of the major core areas of the conference program is life quality, due to the importance that Chemical and Biological Engineering plays in this area. “Integration of Life Sciences & Engineering” and “Sustainable Process-Product Development through Green Chemistry” are two of the leading themes with papers addressing such important issues. This is complemented with additional leading themes including “Advancing the Chemical and Biological Engineering Fundamentals”, “Multi-Scale and/or Multi-Disciplinary Approach to Process-Product Innovation”, “Systematic Methods and Tools for Managing the Complexity”, and “Educating Chemical and Biological Engineers for Coming Challenges” which define the extended abstracts arrangements along this book. A total of 516 extended abstracts are included in the book, consisting of 7 invited lecturers, 15 keynote, 105 short oral presentations given in 5 parallel sessions, along with 6 slots for viewing 389 poster presentations. Full papers are jointly included in the companion Proceedings in CD-ROM. All papers have been reviewed and we are grateful to the members of scientific and organizing committees for their evaluations. It was an intensive task since 610 submitted abstracts from 45 countries were received. It has been an honor for us to contribute to setting up CHEMPOR 2008 during almost two years. We wish to thank the authors who have contributed to yield a high scientific standard to the program. We are thankful to the sponsors who have contributed decisively to this event. We also extend our gratefulness to all those who, through their dedicated efforts, have assisted us in this task. On behalf of the Scientific and Organizing Committees we wish you that together with an interesting reading, the scientific program and the social moments organized will be memorable for all.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Proceedings of the 10th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference - CHEMPOR 2008

This volume contains full papers presented at the 10th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference - CHEMPOR 2008, held in Braga, Portugal, between September 4th and 6th, 2008.FC

Safety and Reliability - Safe Societies in a Changing World

The contributions cover a wide range of methodologies and application areas for safety and reliability that contribute to safe societies in a changing world. These methodologies and applications include: - foundations of risk and reliability assessment and management - mathematical methods in reliability and safety - risk assessment - risk management - system reliability - uncertainty analysis - digitalization and big data - prognostics and system health management - occupational safety - accident and incident modeling - maintenance modeling and applications - simulation for safety and reliability analysis - dynamic risk and barrier management - organizational factors and safety culture - human factors and human reliability - resilience engineering - structural reliability - natural hazards - security - economic analysis in risk managemen

Charitable behaviour of UK Muslims: the role of donor value, charity reputation/dynamism and congruency on behavioural intentions

This research aims to understand the dynamics involved in the donor-charities interaction and focuses on the important drivers of charitable behaviour specifically on Sadaqah donations in the context of Muslims in the West. This is because the normative context to donate may vary for Muslims living in Islamic countries and Muslims living in non-Islamic countries. Therefore, this study expands the limited research on individuals’ voluntary donation to an underrepresented culture and focuses on UK’s ethnic minority faith-based group. While a few studies have addressed the factors driving other Islamic financial instruments such as Zakat (Kashif et al., 2018), this is the first study to empirically test the antecedents of UK Muslims’ Sadaqah donations. Sadaqah is a voluntary act, can be given at any time; it has no designated recipients and no fixed donation amount, which is different from Zakat (obligatory, paid once a year, amount is fixed and has designated for eight categories of recipients) (Al-Qardawi 1999; Kroessin, 2007). Since Sadaqah has limited guidelines, it makes it more difficult for charities to understand why, where, and to whom Muslims would give their Sadaqah. This research integrates individual aspects (donor value), organisational aspects (reputation/dynamism, congruency, and barriers to donating), cultural aspects (collectivism– individualism) and religious aspects (religiosity) that influence charitable giving outcomes. Instead of relying solely on intention to give Sadaqah as the outcome variable of interest, this research broadens the outcome variables to include donor commitment, loyalty and positive WOM—collectively referred to as non-monetary consequences. This study employed two phases of data collection, which involved twenty-one in-depth interviews and 406 self-administrated questionnaires. The findings revealed that participants mostly donated to emergency and disaster relief as well as charitable causes related to children, orphans and poor. Participants choose to support charities that are reputable, possess the image of dynamism and have high congruency with their self-concept. Additionally, congruency is found to mediate the relationship between reputation/dynamism and behavioural intentions. The findings suggest various value dimensions that participants seek from charitable giving including positive and negative emotional value, social value that are group-related driven (communal value) and religious belief value, which consequently have a positive and significant effect on behavioural intentions. The findings also revealed the positive effect of identity-based constructs (collectivism and religiosity) on donor value. This research opens new doors in investigating Muslims’ charitable behaviour in the West and contribute to the limited studies on Islamic instruments of voluntary giving, Sadaqah. This research is particularly important for charities that wish to tailor fundraising campaigns to fit UK Muslim donors. This research suggest that charities should focus on creating and delivering multi-dimensional value and invest in developing, managing and nurturing their reputation, image of dynamism and donor-charity congruency to establish continued support in the future (i.e. long-term donors). Keywords: charitable behaviour, Sadaqah, donor value, religiosity, congruency, UK Muslims, reputation/dynamism, individualism–collectivism, behavioural intentions