36,903 research outputs found
To be or not to Be? - First Evidence for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay
Double beta decay is indispensable to solve the question of the neutrino mass
matrix together with oscillation experiments. Recent analysis of the most
sensitive experiment since nine years - the HEIDELBERG-MOSCOW experiment in
Gran-Sasso - yields a first indication for the neutrinoless decay mode. This
result is the first evidence for lepton number violation and proves the
neutrino to be a Majorana particle. We give the present status of the analysis
in this report. It excludes several of the neutrino mass scenarios allowed from
present neutrino oscillation experiments - only degenerate scenarios and those
with inverse mass hierarchy survive. This result allows neutrinos to still play
an important role as dark matter in the Universe. To improve the accuracy of
the present result, considerably enlarged experiments are required, such as
GENIUS. A GENIUS Test Facility has been funded and will come into operation by
early 2003.Comment: 16 pages, latex, 10 figures, Talk was presented at International
Conference "Neutrinos and Implications for Physics Beyond the Standard
Model", Oct. 11-13, 2002, Stony Brook, USA, Proc. (2003) ed. by R. Shrock,
also see Home Page of Heidelberg Non-Accelerator Particle Physics Group:
http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/non_acc
Deep Learning for Forecasting Stock Returns in the Cross-Section
Many studies have been undertaken by using machine learning techniques,
including neural networks, to predict stock returns. Recently, a method known
as deep learning, which achieves high performance mainly in image recognition
and speech recognition, has attracted attention in the machine learning field.
This paper implements deep learning to predict one-month-ahead stock returns in
the cross-section in the Japanese stock market and investigates the performance
of the method. Our results show that deep neural networks generally outperform
shallow neural networks, and the best networks also outperform representative
machine learning models. These results indicate that deep learning shows
promise as a skillful machine learning method to predict stock returns in the
cross-section.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, 8 tables, accepted at PAKDD 201
Individual patient data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of community occupational therapy for stroke patients
<p><b>Background and Purpose:</b> Trials of occupational therapy for stroke patients living in the community have varied in their findings. It is unclear why these discrepancies have occurred.</p>
<p><b>Methods:</b> Trials were identified from searches of the Cochrane Library and other sources. The primary outcome measure was the Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living (NEADL) score at the end of intervention. Secondary outcome measures included the Barthel Index or the Rivermead ADL (Personal ADL), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Nottingham Leisure Questionnaire (NLQ), and death. Data were analyzed using linear or logistic regression with a random effect for trial and adjustment for age, gender, baseline dependency, and method of follow-up. Subgroup analyses compared any occupational therapy intervention with control.</p>
<p><b>Results:</b> We included 8 single-blind randomized controlled trials incorporating 1143 patients. Occupational therapy was associated with higher NEADL scores at the end of intervention (weighted mean difference [WMD], 1.30 points, 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.47 to 2.13) and higher leisure scores at the end of intervention (WMD, 1.51 points; 95% CI, 0.24 to 2.79). Occupational therapy emphasizing activities of daily living (ADL) was associated with improved end of intervention NEADL (WMD, 1.61 points; 95% CI, 0.72 to 2.49) and personal activities of daily living (odds ratio [OR], 0.65; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.91), but not NLQ. Leisure-based occupational therapy improved end of intervention NLQ (WMD, 1.96 points; 95% CI, 0.27 to 3.66) but not NEADL or PADL.</p>
<p><b>Conclusions:</b> Community occupational therapy significantly improved personal and extended activities of daily living and leisure activity in patients with stroke. Better outcomes were found with targeted interventions.</p>
Economic Integration in East Asia: Trends, Prospects, and a Possible Roadmap
This paper, which is a revised version of the ADB Working Paper on Regional Economic Integration No. 2, reviews trends in East Asian regionalism in the areas of trade and investment, money and finance, and infrastructure. It finds that trade and, to a lesser extent, financial integration is starting to increase in the region. It also finds that business cycles are starting to be more synchronized, enhancing the case for further monetary integration among these countries. The paper also outlines a roadmap for East Asian integration.
How are Forbush decreases related to interplanetary magnetic field enhancements ?
Aims. Forbush decrease (FD) is a transient decrease followed by a gradual
recovery in the observed galactic cosmic ray intensity. We seek to understand
the relationship between the FDs and near-Earth interplanetary magnetic field
(IMF) enhancements associated with solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs).
Methods. We use muon data at cutoff rigidities ranging from 14 to 24 GV from
the GRAPES-3 tracking muon telescope to identify FD events. We select those FD
events that have a reasonably clean profile, and magnitude > 0.25%. We use IMF
data from ACE/WIND spacecrafts. We look for correlations between the FD profile
and that of the one hour averaged IMF. We ask if the diffusion of high energy
protons into the large scale magnetic field is the cause of the lag observed
between the FD and the IMF. Results. The enhancement of the IMF associated with
FDs occurs mainly in the shock-sheath region, and the turbulence level in the
magnetic field is also enhanced in this region. The observed FD profiles look
remarkably similar to the IMF enhancement profiles. The FDs typically lag the
IMF enhancement by a few hours. The lag corresponds to the time taken by high
energy protons to diffuse into the magnetic field enhancement via cross-field
diffusion. Conclusions. Our findings show that high rigidity FDs associated
with CMEs are caused primarily by the cumulative diffusion of protons across
the magnetic field enhancement in the turbulent sheath region between the shock
and the CME.Comment: accepted in A&
Economic Integration in East Asia: Trends, Prospects, and a Possible Roadmap
This paper reviews trends in East Asian regionalism in the areas of trade and investment, money and finance, and infrastructure. It presents various measures of trade and financial integration. An important finding of the paper is that increasing trade and financial integration in the region is now starting to lead to a synchronization of business cycles in a selected group of countries, further enhancing the case for monetary integration among these countries. The paper also outlines a roadmap for East Asian integration.ASEAN/East Asian economic cooperation and integration; business cycle synchronization; free trade agreements; policy coordination
Measurements of inclusive jet and dijet cross sections at the Large Hadron Collider
This review discusses the measurements of the inclusive jet and dijet cross
section performed by the experimental collaborations at the LHC during what is
now being called LHC Run 1 (2009 - 2013). It summarises some of the
experimental challenges and the techniques used in the measurements of jets
cross sections during the LHC Run 1.Comment: Contribution to "Jet Measurements at the LHC", G. Dissertori ed. To
appear in International Journal of Modern Physics A (IJMPA
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