Environmental impacts of paper handouts vs. Online handouts-from a life cycle assessment prospective

The purpose of this study was to address the concerns about sustainability between the uses of hard copy reference documents versus online copies. This project presents a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study comparing the production and use of a hard copy handout versus an online handout. For the purpose of this study, paper handouts and online handouts are two different and independent processes. This means that they not only have different outputs but also have different manufacturing stages in order to get to the final result. The scope of this study is “cradle to grave,” starting with the extraction of the raw materials, followed by paper and computer production processes, transportation, product use and disposal/recovery. Results indicate that under the made assumptions, the use of a paper handout has more environmental impacts. At the same time among the evaluated processes, paper production has higher environmental impacts

Magnetoelectric metallic glass/polymer laminated composites: from fabrication to applications

131 p