Nutritional Potential of Citrus Sinensis and Vitis Vinifera Peels

The nutritional potential of the peels of Citrus sinensis and Vitis vinifera was assessed by determining proximate and mineral composition. Results indicate carbohydeate content of the peels of Citrus sinensis and Vitis vinifera as 61.07% and 71.77% respectively. Other findings are crude fibre, 13.51% and 4.96%, proten, 3.73% and 11.35%, fats, 10.34% and 1.16%, moisture, 9.78% and 6.52% and ash 1.57% and 4.24%, for the Citrus sinensis and Vitis vinifera respectively. Mineral analysis revealed the order K>Ca>Mg>Na>Fe in the Citrus sinensis and K>Mg>Fe>Na>Ca in the Vitis vinifera. These results suggest that peels of Citrus sinensis and Vitis vinifera to be nutritive

Mini Review: Citrus sinensis Sebagai Bioreduktor Dalam Green Synthesis Nanopartikel

Green synthesis is an eco-friendly approach that provides a viable alternative to traditional physical and chemical methods for the production of nanoparticles. This technique employs non-toxic and safe materials, such as plants, microorganisms, algae, bacteria, yeast, and fungi, to generate stable and less toxic nanoparticles. Citrus sinensis, commonly known as sweet orange, is a plant that contains various active compounds. These bioactive compounds can be extracted and used as bioreductants in green synthesis of nanoparticles. This mini review aimed to provide an overview of the current state of research on the utilization of Citrus sinensis as a bioreductant in the production of nanoparticles. A systematic search strategy was employed to identify research articles that met the criteria of discussing green synthesis of nanoparticles with Citrus sinensis as a bioreductant. The nanoparticles produced using Citrus sinensis extract can be either metal nanoparticles or metal oxide nanoparticles. The review highlights the distribution of nanoparticles produced with Citrus sinensis extract, their applications, and the extraction process of Citrus sinensis commonly employed in green synthesis of nanoparticles. Hopefully this review serves as a useful reference for researchers and practitioners who are interested in employing the Citrus sinensis plant as a bioreductant in the green synthesis of nanoparticles

Evalution of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic and Hydromethanolic Extract of Sweet Orange Peels

The in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of hydromethanolic extract of peel from Citrus sinensis (Sweet orange) was investigated. In this study the antibacterial activity of Citrus sinensis peel extract against different gram positive and gram negative bacteria by disc diffusion method and antioxidant activity by Fenton reaction was undertaken. Citrus sinensis peels had shown mild activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria and the MIC value was measured. In another experiment antioxidant activity was observed and IC50 was shown at 600 µg/ml

Antimicrobial effects of Citrus sinensis peel extracts against dental caries bacteria: an in vitro study

Background: Ethnomedicine is gaining admiration since years but still there is abundant medicinal flora which is unrevealed through research. The study was conducted to assess the in vitro antimicrobial potential and also determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Citrus sinensis peel extracts with a view of searching a novel extract as a remedy for dental caries pathogens. Material and Methods: Aqueous and ethanol (cold and hot) extracts prepared from peel of Citrus sinensis were screened for in vitro antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus , using agar well diffusion method. The lowest concentration of every extract considered as the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined for both test organisms. One way ANOVA with Post Hoc Bonferroni test was applied for statistical analysis. Confidence level and level of significance were set at 95% and 5% respectively. Results: Dental caries pathogens were inhibited most by hot ethanolic extract of Citrus sinensis peel followed by cold ethanolic extract. Aqueous extracts were effective at very high concentrations. Minimum inhibitory concentration of hot and cold ethanolic extracts of Citrus sinensis peel ranged between 12-15 mg/ml against both the dental caries pathogens. Conclusions: Citrus sinensis peels extract was found to be effective against dental caries pathogens and contain compounds with therapeutic potential. Nevertheless, clinical trials on the effect of these plants are essential before advocating large-scale therap

Bioavailable Citrus sinensis extract: Polyphenolic composition and biological activity

Citrus plants contain large amounts of flavonoids with beneficial effects on human health. In the present study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of bioavailable polyphenols from Citrus sinensis was evaluated in vitro and ex vivo, using the murine macrophages cell line J774A.1 and primary peritoneal macrophages. Following simulated gastro-intestinal digestion, the in vitro bioavailability of Citrus sinensis polyphenolic extract was assessed using the human cell line Caco-2 grown as monolayers on a transwell membrane. Data demonstrated a relative permeation of its compounds (8.3%). Thus, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of polyphenolic Citrus sinensis fraction (Cs) was compared to the bioavailable one (CsB). Results revealed that Citrus extract were able to reduce macrophages pro-inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide, iNOS, COX-2 and different cytokines. Moreover, the effect of Citrus sinensis polyphenols was associated with antioxidant effects, such as a reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) increased expression. Our results provide evidence that the bioavailable polyphenolic constituents of the Citrus sinensis extract accumulate prevalently at intestinal level and could reach systemic circulation exerting their effect. The bioavailable fraction showed a higher anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential compared to the initial extract, thus highlighting its potential nutraceutical value

Estimation of Sugar and Bio Ethanol from Different Decaying Fruits Extract

Bio ethanol mainly produced from biological methods involving fermentation of cellulosic biomass in a broad spectrum. Since it is being widely recognized as an environmental friendly transportation fuel with powerful economic and strategic applications, here an attempt is made to explore the possibilities of bioethanol production from decaying fruits. Since they pose a major socio economic challenge and in turn by utilizing these kinds of wastes for fuel purpose reduce the burden on the authorities. Hence, bioethanol production from three different decaying citrus fruits like Citrus sinensis, Citrus limetta and Ananas comosus were studied. The sugar content before and after fermentation was analyzed by DNS method, the result showed that the sugar content was more before fermentation (Citrus limetta 21mg/mL, Ananas comosus 20mg/mL and Citrus sinensis 17 mg/mL,) when compared to after fermentation (Citrus limetta 16mg/mL, Citrus sinensis 12.5mg /mL and Ananas comosus11mg/mL). The production of ethanol was higher in Ananas comosus (13%) than the other two Citrus limetta (12%), Citrus sinensis (10%) which was calculated by distillation method

Uji efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol kulit jeruk manis (Citrus Sinensis) terhadap bakteri Vibrio Cholerae

Penyakit kolera merupakan penyakit infeksi saluran pencernaan yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Vibrio cholerae dengan manifestasi klinik berupa diare. V.cholerae dapat menginfeksi manusia melalui rute pencernaan (fecal-oral). Manifestasi klinik berupa penyakit kolera akan timbul apabila jumlah bakteri yang masuk mencapai jumlah tertentu. Indonesia merupakan negara megabiodiversity yang kaya akan tanaman obat, dan sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan, tapi belum dikelola secara maksimal. Tumbuhan jeruk manis merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit jeruk manis (Citrus sinensis L) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Vibrio cholerae. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen laboratorik dengan menggunakan difusi cakram dengan rancangan Posttest Only Control Group Design  untuk melihat aktivitas ekstrak kulit jeruk manis (Citrus sinensis L)  terhadap bakteri Vibrio cholerae. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tahapan sebagai berikut (1) Sterilisasi Alat, (2) Persiapan dan Pembuatan Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Manis (Citrus Sinensis), (3) Pembuatan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Manis (Citrus Sinensis), (4) Pembuatan Biakan Bakteri (5) Pembuatan Media Biakan, (6) Uji Sensitivitas. Hasil penelitian diperoleh ekstrak etanol kulit jeruk manis  memiliki efektivitas terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Vibrio Cholerae

Annotated world bibliography of host fruits of Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) infests fruits and vegetables of a number of different plant species, with host plants primarily found in the plant families Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae. Although B. latifrons is of primarily Asian distribution (e.g., Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Burma, China [Fujian, Yunnan, Hong Kong, Hainan], Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, and Brunei), its range has expanded through introductions into Hawaii, Okinawa, Tanzania, and Kenya, and poses a threat of introduction into other countries where it does not presently occur. As with other tephritid fruit fly species, establishment of B. latifrons can have significant economic consequences, including damage and loss of food production, as well as requirements for implementation of costly quarantine treatments to permit export of commodities susceptible to infestation by B. latifrons. In order to avoid these adverse economic consequences, one needs to prevent the entry, establishment and spread of B. latifrons into a new habitat. To successfully achieve this, an accurate knowledge of the fly’s host plants is essential. Cognizant of this need, we prepared, and present here, a worldwide list of host plants for B. latifrons, with annotations on reported laboratory and field infestation data. Overall, a total of 59 plant species from 14 plant families are identified as hosts of B. latifrons, based on reported field infestation data