Chromatic equivalence classes of certain generalized polygon trees, III

AbstractLet P(G) denote the chromatic polynomial of a graph G. Two graphs G and H are chromatically equivalent, if P(G)=P(H). A set of graphs S is called a chromatic equivalence class if for any graph H that is chromatically equivalent with a graph G in S, then H∈S. Peng et al. (Discrete Math. 172 (1997) 103–114), studied the chromatic equivalence classes of certain generalized polygon trees. In this paper, we continue that study and present a solution to Problem 2 in Koh and Teo (Discrete Math. 172 (1997) 59–78)

Chromatic Equivalence Classes and Chromatic Defining Numbers of Certain Graphs

There are two parts in this dissertation: the chromatic equivalence classes and the chromatic defining numbers of graphs. In the first part the chromaticity of the family of generalized polygon trees with intercourse number two, denoted by Cr (a, b; c, d), is studied. It is known that Cr( a, b; c, d) is a chromatic equivalence class if min {a, b, c, d} ≥ r+3. We consider Cr( a, b; c, d) when min{ a, b, c, d} ≤ r + 2. The necessary and sufficient conditions for Cr(a, b; c, d) with min {a, b, c, d} ≤ r + 2 to be a chromatic equivalence class are given. Thus, the chromaticity of Cr (a, b; c, d) is completely characterized. In the second part the defining numbers of regular graphs are studied. Let d(n, r, X = k) be the smallest value of defining numbers of all r-regular graphs of order n and the chromatic number equals to k. It is proved that for a given integer k and each r ≥ 2(k - 1) and n ≥ 2k, d(n, r, X = k) = k - 1. Next, a new lower bound for the defining numbers of r-regular k-chromatic graphs with k < r < 2( k - 1) is found. Finally, the value of d( n , r, X = k) when k < r < 2(k - 1) for certain values of n and r is determined

On Minimum Average Stretch Spanning Trees in Polygonal 2-trees

A spanning tree of an unweighted graph is a minimum average stretch spanning tree if it minimizes the ratio of sum of the distances in the tree between the end vertices of the graph edges and the number of graph edges. We consider the problem of computing a minimum average stretch spanning tree in polygonal 2-trees, a super class of 2-connected outerplanar graphs. For a polygonal 2-tree on $n$ vertices, we present an algorithm to compute a minimum average stretch spanning tree in $O(n \log n)$ time. This algorithm also finds a minimum fundamental cycle basis in polygonal 2-trees.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figure

An extensive English language bibliography on graph theory and its applications

Bibliography on graph theory and its application

Combinatorics and geometry of finite and infinite squaregraphs

Squaregraphs were originally defined as finite plane graphs in which all inner faces are quadrilaterals (i.e., 4-cycles) and all inner vertices (i.e., the vertices not incident with the outer face) have degrees larger than three. The planar dual of a finite squaregraph is determined by a triangle-free chord diagram of the unit disk, which could alternatively be viewed as a triangle-free line arrangement in the hyperbolic plane. This representation carries over to infinite plane graphs with finite vertex degrees in which the balls are finite squaregraphs. Algebraically, finite squaregraphs are median graphs for which the duals are finite circular split systems. Hence squaregraphs are at the crosspoint of two dualities, an algebraic and a geometric one, and thus lend themselves to several combinatorial interpretations and structural characterizations. With these and the 5-colorability theorem for circle graphs at hand, we prove that every squaregraph can be isometrically embedded into the Cartesian product of five trees. This embedding result can also be extended to the infinite case without reference to an embedding in the plane and without any cardinality restriction when formulated for median graphs free of cubes and further finite obstructions. Further, we exhibit a class of squaregraphs that can be embedded into the product of three trees and we characterize those squaregraphs that are embeddable into the product of just two trees. Finally, finite squaregraphs enjoy a number of algorithmic features that do not extend to arbitrary median graphs. For instance, we show that median-generating sets of finite squaregraphs can be computed in polynomial time, whereas, not unexpectedly, the corresponding problem for median graphs turns out to be NP-hard.Comment: 46 pages, 14 figure

The history of degenerate (bipartite) extremal graph problems

This paper is a survey on Extremal Graph Theory, primarily focusing on the case when one of the excluded graphs is bipartite. On one hand we give an introduction to this field and also describe many important results, methods, problems, and constructions.Comment: 97 pages, 11 figures, many problems. This is the preliminary version of our survey presented in Erdos 100. In this version 2 only a citation was complete