The Global Risks Report 2016, 11th Edition

Now in its 11th edition, The Global Risks Report 2016 draws attention to ways that global risks could evolve and interact in the next decade. The year 2016 marks a forceful departure from past findings, as the risks about which the Report has been warning over the past decade are starting to manifest themselves in new, sometimes unexpected ways and harm people, institutions and economies. Warming climate is likely to raise this year's temperature to 1° Celsius above the pre-industrial era, 60 million people, equivalent to the world's 24th largest country and largest number in recent history, are forcibly displaced, and crimes in cyberspace cost the global economy an estimated US$445 billion, higher than many economies' national incomes. In this context, the Reportcalls for action to build resilience – the "resilience imperative" – and identifies practical examples of how it could be done.The Report also steps back and explores how emerging global risks and major trends, such as climate change, the rise of cyber dependence and income and wealth disparity are impacting already-strained societies by highlighting three clusters of risks as Risks in Focus. As resilience building is helped by the ability to analyse global risks from the perspective of specific stakeholders, the Report also analyses the significance of global risks to the business community at a regional and country-level

Threat modelling with UML for cybersecurity risk management in OT-IT integrated infrastructures

A strong cybersecurity threat management can provide a good security situation against malicious attacks designed to access, modify, delete, destroy or capture user or organization systems and sensitive data. In this work, first the issue of cybersecurity is described, then the common attacks of OT-IT integrated systems as target systems are examined. The concentration area of this thesis is about the security of OT-IT systems. The purpose of this thesis is to provide a Cybersecurity risk management solution fundamentally focused on detecting common cybersecurity intrusions which are widely being used by the malicious attacks to forcefully abuse or take advantage of preciously a computer network. The main idea of this project is to providing a solution which can help the cybersecurity experts of OT-IT companies to catch the abnormalities of the network practically by the time a pre-defined intrusion is being executed by an attacker, in order to give more defensive power against the possible threats. In chapter 3 There will be proposed model is designed with UML and SysML in Eclipse Papyrus software which is a great tool to model a system. Here, I presented a threat modeling detection system which is practically an IDS. Finally, the model will be implemented using the PCA methods and the SVM, which are part of machine learning techniques. The Intrusion Detection System is implemented and the results show the high efficiency of the proposed method

Industry 4.0:use of digitalization in healthcare

The primary objective of this chapter is to examine the AI applications for healthcare 4.0. Using a wide range of contemporary technologies, such as digitization, artificial intelligence, user response data (ergonomics), human psychology, the internet of things, machine learning, big data mining, and augmented reality, one of the great success stories of our day is healthcare. Worldwide life expectancy has increased due to the tremendous advancements in medical research. But when people live longer, healthcare systems must deal with more people needing their services, more money spent on them, and a staff that finds it more challenging to care for patients. A healthy, productive society depends heavily on the healthcare industry, making it one of the most critical industries in the larger big data environment. Artificial intelligence (AI), which builds on automation, has the potential to transform healthcare and assist in addressing some of the issues mentioned above. AI can support healthcare professionals, including physicians and nurses, in their day-to-day jobs. Artificial intelligence (AI) can improve patient outcomes by enhancing the quality of life and preventive care and producing more accurate diagnoses and treatment regimens. This book provides an overview of the most recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) applications in biomedicine, encompassing pharmaceutical processing, disease diagnosis, patient monitoring, biomedical information, and biomedical research. A summary of the most recent developments in the use of AI in healthcare is also provided, along with a road map for creating safe, dependable, and efficient AI systems and a discussion of potential future directions for AI-assisted healthcare systems. Numerous uses of AI exist in the medical field. Healthcare 4.0 has brought about a paradigm shift in the healthcare industry, drawing inspiration from Industry 4.0. Therefore, how the digital revolution in healthcare will affect the quality of medical care is still being determined. This study results will help the new researchers and healthcare institutions

Cyber warfare: threats and opportunities

Relatório apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para o cumprimento do programa de Pós-Doutoramento em Ciências da InformaçãoCybersecurity has gone through several changes that have presented new challenges in recent years, complicated by the rise of cybercrime and digital warfare. With the introduction of militarizing the space domain, it has become apparent that we must consider multidomain concepts. Thus, the threat landscape has again shifted, and defenders must become knowledgeable about how the cyber domain crosses into maritime, land, air, and space. The traditional thinking of protecting enterprise systems locked away in a building is no longer. Thus, we have the emergence of cyber warfare and cyber as a fifth domain that brings together maritime, land, space, and air. These domains are not just for the military but the civilian sector as well. Understanding the role of cyber and how it can be used to take advantage or secure the remaining domains will give entities the upper hand in strategy. The technological advancements that pave the way to the mass implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet connectivity to everyday devices have led to an explosion in cyberattacks such as breaches resulting in millions of accounts being compromised. (Dawson, Eltayeb, & Omar, 2016). Bad actors such as those focused on criminal activities regarding human trafficking and espionage navigate these domains to circumvent law enforcement agencies globally. We must understand how exploitation, circumvention, and defense needs to occur in a multidomain concept. However, knowing that the cyber domain is a domain that goes through land, maritime, space, and air can be an area that serves as a central point for realizing assured security. Executive Orders (EO), laws, policies, doctrine, and other directives have shaped the landscape of cybersecurity. New EOs have been released that allow a cyber-attack with responsive measures such as one that involves military force. Laws created that impose rights for Personal Identifiable Information (PII) being breached, leaving millions of individuals unprotected. One of these most well-known items is General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) as it relates to the European Union (EU) and the evolving threats with hyperconnectivity (Martínez, 2019a; Martínez, 2019b). Understanding the role of cybercrime and digital warfare and how they continue to play in shaping the technological landscape is critical. These various actions change the spectrum regarding combating nefarious actors or design errors that leave the system susceptible. As attacks continue to rise from bad actors such as nation-states, terrorists, and other entities, it is essential to understand the threat landscape and select cybersecurity methodologies that can be put in place to provide adequate measures. This document presents the work form a post-doctoral project that provides a perspective of cybersecurity under a information science perspective. This six-month project allows to stress the broadly importance that information and its management (not just within the information security context), and the urgent need to deal with cybersecurity as a societal challenge. The document is organized in four main chapters presenting different but complementary issues, going from high level to a more operational level: National Cybersecurity Education: Bridging Defense to Offense, stressing the importance of societal awareness and education. Emerging Technologies in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, stressing the importance to consider cybersecurity issues as core ones, even to economic and production areas. Nefarious Activities within the Deep Layers of the Internet, stressing the need to be part of digital places where information is traded, shared and, even sometimes, created. The fourth chapter provide a few hints and issues related with software development and test: Software Security Considerations. A final session presents several remarks as Final Thoughts, closing the work pointing out some of the current challenges that we are facing of.N/

After the Gold Rush: The Boom of the Internet of Things, and the Busts of Data-Security and Privacy

This Article addresses the impact that the lack of oversight of the Internet of Things has on digital privacy. While the Internet of Things is but one vehicle for technological innovation, it has created a broad glimpse into domestic life, thus triggering several privacy issues that the law is attempting to keep pace with. What the Internet of Things can reveal is beyond the control of the individual, as it collects information about every practical aspect of an individual’s life, and provides essentially unfettered access into the mind of its users. This Article proposes that the federal government and the state governments bend toward consumer protection while creating a cogent and predictable body of law surrounding the Internet of Things. Through privacy-by-design or self-help, it is imperative that the Internet of Things—and any of its unforeseen progeny—develop with an eye toward safeguarding individual privacy while allowing technological development