Design an active verification mechanism for certificates revocation in OCSP for internet authentication

No doubt that data security online is crucial. Therefore, great attention has been paid to that aspect by companies and organizations given its economic and social implications. Thus, online certificate status protocol (OCSP) is considered one of the most prominent protocol functioning in this field, which offers a prompt support for certificates online. In this research, a model designed based on field programable gate array (FPGA) using Merkel’s tree has been proposed to overcome the delay that might have occurred in sorting and authentication of certificates. Having adopted this model and with the assistance of Hash function algorithm, more than 50% of certificates have been processed in comparison with standard protocol. Moreover, certificates have been provided with substantial storage space with high throughput. Basically, Hash function algorithm has been designed to arrange and specify a site of verified or denied certificates within time of validity to protect servers from intrusion and clients from using applications with harmful contents

A History of the Anti-Avoidance Legislation Applying to Settlements for Income Tax Purposes

The main purpose of this study is to examine the growth and spread of income tax avoidance through the use of settlements and to analyse the background to the introduction of appropriate anti-avoidance legislation. Though there is much material available to explain the meaning of this legislation there is little to explain why it was introduced, what it was aimed at and why it took the form it did. This research fills that gap and in the process throws light on the nature of the relationships between the Inland Revenue, Parliamentary Counsel, the Chancellor of the Exchequer and Parliament. It also shows the influences each have in the policy-making and legislative processes. Although the focus is on settlements, some of the observations apply to avoidance generally and explain the development of the Revenue's attitude to it

Reverse logistics practices in the Nigerian pharmaceutical sector

This thesis presents findings from an exploratory study of reverse logistics practices in the Nigerian pharmaceutical private sector. Reverse logistics has received increased attention in recent years due to the sustainability and circular economy implications of value recapture and end-of-life product disposition. A significant amount of reverse logistics research has been done in developed countries but very little has been undertaken in the pharmaceutical industry and developing nations, particularly Africa where recent health crises such as the Ebola virus necessitate safe and proper reverse logistics solutions. This study investigated characteristics, similarities and differences in pharmaceutical reverse logistics practices of 19 private sector pharmaceutical organisations in Nigeria including the regulatory authority to determine facilitating, enabling and inhibiting factors and develop improvement opportunities for the sector. This exploratory research used a multiple case study method involving semi-structured interviews with pharmaceutical supply chain stakeholders and practitioners to explore five research questions within a seven perspectives framework derived for this study. Empirical findings came from within-case, within case-category, and cross case-category analysis of the 19 case organisations. This study contributes a conceptual understanding of pharmaceutical reverse logistics management through operationalising the seven perspectives framework and developing a typology of six important pharmaceutical reverse logistics process flows. This study has identified specific factors that facilitate, drive, or inhibit pharmaceutical reverse logistics practices in Nigeria and differentiated them from those in extant literature. This study impacts research by providing theoretically grounded and empirically informed insights into reverse logistics practices in both the pharmaceutical supply chain and a developing nation, Nigeria. To the researcher’s knowledge, it is the first of its kind to do so. This study augments the reverse logistics content framework by including a seventh perspective, the “when perspective”. The extended reverse logistics framework provides a basic structure upon which researchers can utilise to explore various issues in reverse logistics, thereby providing a starting point for future pharmaceutical reverse logistics researchers, particularly in developing countries. This study contributes to practice by revealing the ‘current state’ of pharmaceutical reverse logistics practices in the Nigerian private sector, identifying improvement opportunities, and suggesting implementable measures to facilitate best practice. Finally, this study contributes to the increasing usage, and applicability of qualitative methods in logistics research

Federal Register

Daily publication of the U.S. Office of the Federal Register contains rules and regulations, proposed legislation and rule changes, and other notices, including "Presidential proclamations and Executive Orders, Federal agency documents having general applicability and legal effect, documents required to be published by act of Congress, and other Federal agency documents of public interest" (p. ii). Table of Contents starts on page iii

South Africa and the consociational option : a constitutional analysis.

Thesis (LL.D.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1982.No abstract available