The drawing of the mark of Cain: a socio-historical analysis of the growth of Anti-Jewish stereotypes

Antisemitism is an exceptional historical phenomenon. Its history goes back at least 2000 years and has manifested itself in many countries and in a wide range of societies. However, it is not a universal phenomenon. Many countries have no tradition of anti-Semitism and even in those where anti-Semitism periodically raises its head, there have been long periods where it appears to have lain dormant. But it has never altogether disappeared, and all the large-scale social changes of the past two millennia have given it extra impetus. This definitive study tackles the complex roots and manifestations of anti-Semitism over the centuries, tracing the rise of anti-Jewish stereotypes and the circumstances in which racial prejudice may have tragic concequences. This book will quickly become a classic text for students and researchers in this persistent and worldwide prejudice.Antisemitisme is een uitzonderlijk historisch fenomeen. Het kent een geschiedenis van tenminste 2000 jaar en manifesteerde zich in een groot aantal landen en in zeer verschillende samenlevingen. Toch is het geen universeel verschijnsel. Veel landen kennen geen antisemitische traditie en daar waar het antisemitisme wel de kop opstak, zijn er ook lange periodes waarin het alleen onderhuids aanwezig lijkt te zijn. Verdwenen is het nooit en alle grote maatschappelijk veranderingen van de afgelopen 2000 jaar hebben het antisemitisme eerder versterkt dan verzwakt. In The Drawing of the Mark of Cain behandelt Dik van Arkel deze gecompliceerde problematiek. Hij gaat in op de ontwikkeling van het anti-joodse stereotype en onderzoekt de omstandigheden waaronder anti-joodse vooroordelen kunnen leiden tot vervolgingen

Enhancing the auditor\u27s fraud detection ability: An interdisciplinary approach

A contemporary issue of concern to both external auditors and financial statement users is fraud-detection by auditors. The ability of auditors to detect material irregularities, including fraud, should be enhanced to enable them to apply reasonable skill and care in carrying out the audit. Such proficiency in fraud detection is needed if the profession is to avoid costly litigation, ever-increasing indemnity insurance and erosion of the profession\u27s credibility. The thesis maintains that such enhancement can be achieved if auditors both utilise knowledge about the aetiology of fraud in psychology, sociology and criminology as well as by synthesising a broad range of approaches to fraud detection. The multidisciplinary discussion of the aetiology of fraud enabled the development of a three-component model. The model\u27s three components are: rationalisations (R), opportunity (0) and a crime-prone motivated person (P), hence the acronym ROP. Next, a close examination of relevant auditing guidelines and a number of fraud detection models that have been proposed were used to develop an eclectic fraud detection model (with the ROP model as one of its components). The applicability of the ROP model was determined in a study of 50 major fraud cases investigated and prosecuted by the Major Fraud Group (MFG) of the Victoria police. The study identified a number of inter-relationships between offence, offender and victim characteristics. The findings obtained also confirmed the applicability of the model in the field and yielded a two-level criminal profile of serious fraud offenders which includes a new taxonomy of such offenders. The taxonomy consists of twelve specific typologies. In addition, the MFG study findings cast doubt (I) on Gottfredson and Hirschi\u27s (1990) assertion in their General Theory of Crime that white-collar offenders are not significantly different from common offenders and (2) on a basic premise of Loebbecke et al.\u27s (1989) fraud risk-assessment model that all three components of their model need to be present for fraud to occur. The experience of auditors with detecting six different types of material irregularities, including management fraud, employ fraud and error, was investigated in a postal survey of 108 auditors. The findings provide support for the applicability of the eclectic fraud detection model. The survey also found that: it is rare for even experienced auditors to encounter material irregularities; that different types of irregularity (e.g., management fraud) occur more frequently in some industries (manufacturing and construction) than in others; the irregularity is likely to take one form (e.g., window dressing and misappropriation of funds) rather than another; and management review and tests of controls are more likely to alert an auditor to the existence of management fraud. In support of earlier research findings, data analysis revealed that the lack of an effective internal control system and the absence of a code of corporate conduct are statistically significant correlates of an irregularity having a material impact on the financial accounts of a company. In contrast to claims by Loebbecke et al. (1989), the survey findings show that fraud risk-assessment utilising red flags alone is not effective and the presence of only two (and not all three) of their model\u27s components need to be present for management fraud to occur. Both the ROP model and the eclectic fraud detection model were further refined in the light of the findings from the two empirical studies. Without ignoring limitations of the two surveys, the work reported in the present thesis sheds new light on the aetiology of fraud, shows that neither audit experience nor red flags alone is sufficient to improve auditors\u27 fraud detection performance and provide another dimension to fraud risk- assessment. The new knowledge should be added to the auditor\u27s armoury to enhance the audit effectiveness and efficiency and to reduce the fraud detection component of the expectation gap

Report on the Island of Porto Rico ; its population, civil government, commerce... and concurrency

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The Drawing of the Mark of Cain

Antisemitism is an exceptional historical phenomenon. Its history goes back at least 2000 years and has manifested itself in many countries and in a wide range of societies. However, it is not a universal phenomenon. Many countries have no tradition of anti-Semitism and even in those where anti-Semitism periodically raises its head, there have been long periods where it appears to have lain dormant. But it has never altogether disappeared, and all the large-scale social changes of the past two millennia have given it extra impetus. This definitive study tackles the complex roots and manifestations of anti-Semitism over the centuries, tracing the rise of anti-Jewish stereotypes and the circumstances in which racial prejudice may have tragic concequences. This book will quickly become a classic text for students and researchers in this persistent and worldwide prejudice

Delirious USA: the representation of capital in the fiction of Don DeLillo

In this thesis I offer a new reading of Don DeLillo’s fiction through an engagement with contemporary Marxist literary theory and political economy. Beginning in the 1960s, the thesis traces the launch, expansion, and shattering of DeLillo’s narrative apparatus as it recomposes itself across the genres of the short story, the conspiratorial thriller, the historical novel, and the novel of time. Developing on theories of the novel as a capitalist epic, the thesis takes the insistent appearance of surplus populations in DeLillo’s work as an opportunity to reflect on, but also to revise and reconceptualise, Marxist accounts of the novel and its philosophy of history. The DeLillo that emerges from this thesis is less an exemplar of postmodernism and more a novelist of the dispossessed whose central representational task is the invention of a multitude. Chapter One contends that DeLillo’s early short stories from the 1960s acquire a new recognisability in the wake of his late turn towards an aesthetic of suspension. The chapter questions whether the forms of stasis depicted in DeLillo’s short fiction generate new historical futures or if they contribute to a de-collectivised eternal present that later consumes his work. Chapter Two addresses DeLillo’s off-kilter conspiracy novels and reads their discovery of pockets of uneven development through and against the concept of ‘cognitive mapping’. Chapter Three examines the formal means by which DeLillo appropriates Georg Lukács’s classic account of the historical novel and reconfigures it through an irrational historicism that hinges on the non-presupposition of the people. Chapter Four considers the extent to which the non-anthropogenic subjects of history that constrain and inform DeLillo’s twenty-first century fiction constitute political resignation or if they intimate historical futures beyond a catastrophic present. The thesis concludes with a brief reflection on passages out of DeLillo’s epic representation of capitalism

Delirious USA: the representation of capital in the fiction of Don DeLillo

In this thesis I offer a new reading of Don DeLillo’s fiction through an engagement with contemporary Marxist literary theory and political economy. Beginning in the 1960s, the thesis traces the launch, expansion, and shattering of DeLillo’s narrative apparatus as it recomposes itself across the genres of the short story, the conspiratorial thriller, the historical novel, and the novel of time. Developing on theories of the novel as a capitalist epic, the thesis takes the insistent appearance of surplus populations in DeLillo’s work as an opportunity to reflect on, but also to revise and reconceptualise, Marxist accounts of the novel and its philosophy of history. The DeLillo that emerges from this thesis is less an exemplar of postmodernism and more a novelist of the dispossessed whose central representational task is the invention of a multitude. Chapter One contends that DeLillo’s early short stories from the 1960s acquire a new recognisability in the wake of his late turn towards an aesthetic of suspension. The chapter questions whether the forms of stasis depicted in DeLillo’s short fiction generate new historical futures or if they contribute to a de-collectivised eternal present that later consumes his work. Chapter Two addresses DeLillo’s off-kilter conspiracy novels and reads their discovery of pockets of uneven development through and against the concept of ‘cognitive mapping’. Chapter Three examines the formal means by which DeLillo appropriates Georg Lukács’s classic account of the historical novel and reconfigures it through an irrational historicism that hinges on the non-presupposition of the people. Chapter Four considers the extent to which the non-anthropogenic subjects of history that constrain and inform DeLillo’s twenty-first century fiction constitute political resignation or if they intimate historical futures beyond a catastrophic present. The thesis concludes with a brief reflection on passages out of DeLillo’s epic representation of capitalism

Bowdoin Orient v.126, no.1-23 (1995-1996)

https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/bowdoinorient-1990s/1007/thumbnail.jp

Cinema at the End of Empire

How did the imperial logic underlying British and Indian film policy change with the British Empire’s loss of moral authority and political cohesion? Were British and Indian films of the 1930s and 1940s responsive to and responsible for such shifts? Cinema at the End of Empire illuminates this intertwined history of British and Indian cinema in the late colonial period. Challenging the rubric of national cinemas that dominates film studies, Priya Jaikumar contends that film aesthetics and film regulations were linked expressions of radical political transformations in a declining British empire and a nascent Indian nation. As she demonstrates, efforts to entice colonial film markets shaped Britain’s national film policies, and Indian responses to these initiatives altered the limits of colonial power in India

Bowdoin Orient v.132, no.1-24 (2002-2003)

https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/bowdoinorient-2000s/1003/thumbnail.jp

An edition of the Gutnish manuscripts of Guta Lag with introduction, translation, commentary and glossary.

The following thesis is an edition incorporating the texts of two manuscripts of Guta lag, the law of the Gotlanders. The first is a fourteenth-century vellum manuscript held in Kungliga Biblioteket, Stockholm and designated B 64. The second is a sixteenth-century paper manuscript, based on a lost fifteenth-century manuscript, held in the Arnamagnaean manuscript collection at the University library in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is designated AM 54 4 . These are the only two independent manuscripts of the law in Gutnish, the medieval language of Gotland, two later Gutnish manuscripts being copies of AM 54 4 . The Introduction contains a discussion of the following: historical background, preservation, nature and content, origins, date, place and circumstances of composition, previous editions and translations of the text. The principles and structure of the current edition are described. The text of the manuscript is normalized and contains a number of emendations, which are detailed in endnotes, together with variant readings between the two manuscripts. Following the text is an English translation. The Commentary discusses the language and background of individual elements of the text referred to by page and line number. The notes place the text in historical, legal and social context. The Glossary lists at least one page and line number for each word in the text (all instances where there are fewer than five for a particular form). The majority of these are in normalized form, but are in unnormalized form for instances occurring only in the sixteenth-century manuscript, all under a normalized headword. Included are reproductions of one page of each of the manuscripts, and a number of tables as Appendices. The Bibliography gives the source of all references in the Introduction and Commentary, together with abbreviations used. An Index lists the proper names occurring in the text