BIG DATA IN SMART CITIES: A SYSTEMATIC MAPPING REVIEW

Big data is an emerging area of research and its prospective applications in smart cities are extensively recognized. In this study, we provide a breadth-first review of the domain “Big Data in Smart Cities” by applying the formal research method of systematic mapping. We investigated the primary sources of publication, research growth, maturity level of the research area, prominent research themes, type of analytics applied, and the areas of smart cities where big data research is produced. Consequently, we identified that empirical research in the domain has been progressing since 2013. The IEEE Access journal and IEEE Smart Cities Conference are the leading sources of literature containing 10.34% and 13.88% of the publications, respectively. The current state of the research is semi-matured where research type of 46.15% of the publications is solution and experience, and contribution type of 60% of the publications is architecture, platform, and framework. Prescriptive is least whereas predictive is the most applied type of analytics in smart cities as it has been stated in 43.08% of the publications. Overall, 33.85%, 21.54%, 13.85%, 12.31%, 7.69%, 6.15%, and 4.61% of the research produced in the domain focused on smart transportation, smart environment, smart governance, smart healthcare, smart energy, smart education, and smart safety, respectively. Besides the requirement for producing validation and evaluation research in the areas of smart transportation and smart environment, there is a need for more research efforts in the areas of smart healthcare, smart governance, smart safety, smart education, and smart energy. Furthermore, the potential of prescriptive analytics in smart cities is also an area of research that needs to be explored

Big Data em cidades inteligentes: um mapeamento sistemático

O conceito de Cidades Inteligentes ganhou maior atenção nos círculos acadêmicos, industriais e governamentais. À medida que a cidade se desenvolve ao longo do tempo, componentes e subsistemas como redes inteligentes, gerenciamento inteligente de água, tráfego inteligente e sistemas de transporte, sistemas de gerenciamento de resíduos inteligentes, sistemas de segurança inteligentes ou governança eletrônica são adicionados. Esses componentes ingerem e geram uma grande quantidade de dados estruturados, semiestruturados ou não estruturados que podem ser processados usando uma variedade de algoritmos em lotes, microlotes ou em tempo real, visando a melhoria de qualidade de vida dos cidadãos. Esta pesquisa secundária tem como objetivo facilitar a identificação de lacunas neste campo, bem como alinhar o trabalho dos pesquisadores com outros para desenvolver temas de pesquisa mais fortes. Neste estudo, é utilizada a metodologia de pesquisa formal de mapeamento sistemático para fornecer uma revisão abrangente das tecnologias de Big Data na implantação de cidades inteligentes

Towards the next generation of smart grids: semantic and holonic multi-agent management of distributed energy resources

The energy landscape is experiencing accelerating change; centralized energy systems are being decarbonized, and transitioning towards distributed energy systems, facilitated by advances in power system management and information and communication technologies. This paper elaborates on these generations of energy systems by critically reviewing relevant authoritative literature. This includes a discussion of modern concepts such as ‘smart grid’, ‘microgrid’, ‘virtual power plant’ and ‘multi-energy system’, and the relationships between them, as well as the trends towards distributed intelligence and interoperability. Each of these emerging urban energy concepts holds merit when applied within a centralized grid paradigm, but very little research applies these approaches within the emerging energy landscape typified by a high penetration of distributed energy resources, prosumers (consumers and producers), interoperability, and big data. Given the ongoing boom in these fields, this will lead to new challenges and opportunities as the status-quo of energy systems changes dramatically. We argue that a new generation of holonic energy systems is required to orchestrate the interplay between these dense, diverse and distributed energy components. The paper therefore contributes a description of holonic energy systems and the implicit research required towards sustainability and resilience in the imminent energy landscape. This promotes the systemic features of autonomy, belonging, connectivity, diversity and emergence, and balances global and local system objectives, through adaptive control topologies and demand responsive energy management. Future research avenues are identified to support this transition regarding interoperability, secure distributed control and a system of systems approach