Bernoulli polynomials and Pascal matrices in the context of Clifford analysis

AbstractThis paper describes an approach to generalized Bernoulli polynomials in higher dimensions by using Clifford algebras. Due to the fact that the obtained Bernoulli polynomials are special hypercomplex holomorphic (monogenic) functions in the sense of Clifford Analysis, they have properties very similar to those of the classical polynomials. Hypercomplex Pascal and Bernoulli matrices are defined and studied, thereby generalizing results recently obtained by Zhang and Wang (Z. Zhang, J. Wang, Bernoulli matrix and its algebraic properties, Discrete Appl. Math. 154 (11) (2006) 1622–1632)

On the modulus of continuity for spectral measures in substitution dynamics

The paper gives first quantitative estimates on the modulus of continuity of the spectral measure for weak mixing suspension flows over substitution automorphisms, which yield information about the "fractal" structure of these measures. The main results are, first, a Hoelder estimate for the spectral measure of almost all suspension flows with a piecewise constant roof function; second, a log-Hoelder estimate for self-similar suspension flows; and, third, a Hoelder asymptotic expansion of the spectral measure at zero for such flows. Our second result implies log-Hoelder estimates for the spectral measures of translation flows along stable foliations of pseudo-Anosov automorphisms. A key technical tool in the proof of the second result is an "arithmetic-Diophantine" proposition, which has other applications. In the appendix this proposition is used to derive new decay estimates for the Fourier transforms of Bernoulli convolutions.Comment: 42 pages, accepted version; to appear in Advances in Mathematic

Extended Bernoulli and Stirling matrices and related combinatorial identities

In this paper we establish plenty of number theoretic and combinatoric identities involving generalized Bernoulli and Stirling numbers of both kinds. These formulas are deduced from Pascal type matrix representations of Bernoulli and Stirling numbers. For this we define and factorize a modified Pascal matrix corresponding to Bernoulli and Stirling cases.Comment: Accepted for publication in Linear Algebra and its Application

Identifiability of parameters in latent structure models with many observed variables

While hidden class models of various types arise in many statistical applications, it is often difficult to establish the identifiability of their parameters. Focusing on models in which there is some structure of independence of some of the observed variables conditioned on hidden ones, we demonstrate a general approach for establishing identifiability utilizing algebraic arguments. A theorem of J. Kruskal for a simple latent-class model with finite state space lies at the core of our results, though we apply it to a diverse set of models. These include mixtures of both finite and nonparametric product distributions, hidden Markov models and random graph mixture models, and lead to a number of new results and improvements to old ones. In the parametric setting, this approach indicates that for such models, the classical definition of identifiability is typically too strong. Instead generic identifiability holds, which implies that the set of nonidentifiable parameters has measure zero, so that parameter inference is still meaningful. In particular, this sheds light on the properties of finite mixtures of Bernoulli products, which have been used for decades despite being known to have nonidentifiable parameters. In the nonparametric setting, we again obtain identifiability only when certain restrictions are placed on the distributions that are mixed, but we explicitly describe the conditions.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOS689 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Information-theoretical meaning of quantum dynamical entropy

The theory of noncommutative dynamical entropy and quantum symbolic dynamics for quantum dynamical systems is analised from the point of view of quantum information theory. Using a general quantum dynamical system as a communication channel one can define different classical capacities depending on the character of resources applied for encoding and decoding procedures and on the type of information sources. It is shown that for Bernoulli sources the entanglement-assisted classical capacity, which is the largest one, is bounded from above by the quantum dynamical entropy defined in terms of operational partitions of unity. Stronger results are proved for the particular class of quantum dynamical systems -- quantum Bernoulli shifts. Different classical capacities are exactly computed and the entanglement-assisted one is equal to the dynamical entropy in this case.Comment: 6 page

Arithmetic Dynamics

This survey paper is aimed to describe a relatively new branch of symbolic dynamics which we call Arithmetic Dynamics. It deals with explicit arithmetic expansions of reals and vectors that have a "dynamical" sense. This means precisely that they (semi-) conjugate a given continuous (or measure-preserving) dynamical system and a symbolic one. The classes of dynamical systems and their codings considered in the paper involve: (1) Beta-expansions, i.e., the radix expansions in non-integer bases; (2) "Rotational" expansions which arise in the problem of encoding of irrational rotations of the circle; (3) Toral expansions which naturally appear in arithmetic symbolic codings of algebraic toral automorphisms (mostly hyperbolic). We study ergodic-theoretic and probabilistic properties of these expansions and their applications. Besides, in some cases we create "redundant" representations (those whose space of "digits" is a priori larger than necessary) and study their combinatorics.Comment: 45 pages in Latex + 3 figures in ep