84,957 research outputs found
Using real options to select stable Middleware-induced software architectures
The requirements that force decisions towards building distributed system architectures are usually of a non-functional nature. Scalability, openness, heterogeneity, and fault-tolerance are examples of such non-functional requirements. The current trend is to build distributed systems with middleware, which provide the application developer with primitives for managing the complexity of distribution, system resources, and for realising many of the non-functional requirements. As non-functional requirements evolve, the `coupling' between the middleware and architecture becomes the focal point for understanding the stability of the distributed software system architecture in the face of change. It is hypothesised that the choice of a stable distributed software architecture depends on the choice of the underlying middleware and its flexibility in responding to future changes in non-functional requirements. Drawing on a case study that adequately represents a medium-size component-based distributed architecture, it is reported how a likely future change in scalability could impact the architectural structure of two versions, each induced with a distinct middleware: one with CORBA and the other with J2EE. An option-based model is derived to value the flexibility of the induced-architectures and to guide the selection. The hypothesis is verified to be true for the given change. The paper concludes with some observations that could stimulate future research in the area of relating requirements to software architectures
Optimal Portfolio Management in Alaska: A Case Study on Risk Characteristics of Environmental Consulting Companies
A Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
in
Project ManagementSharp declines in global oil prices have led to a marked contraction in Alaska’s natural resource
dependent economy. This, coupled with record the State’s budgetary shortfalls and a decrease in
incoming federal dollars, has created a climate where environmental consulting companies must accept
riskier projects to balance portfolio growth and security. As a result, companies must adopt a risk-based
portfolio management approach as both a high level strategy and a core management practice. It is
important to specifically identify projects best suited for an organization’s tolerance for risk based off of
the supply and demand of the industry in rapidly changing economic conditions. Therefore, the aims of
this project report are to help environmental consulting companies identify risk characteristics and
manage their portfolio, as well as develop a tool to guide decision-making and selecting projects best
suited for a companies’ portfolio strategy. The results of this research may provide Alaska based
environmental companies with a clear understanding of the types of projects that offer both development
and financial security for an organization. This research paper will present the methodology, results, and
an environmental consulting portfolio management tool.Title Page / Table of Contents / List of Exhibits / Abstract / Introduction / Background / Literature Review / Project Methodology / Research Methodology / Presentation and Analysis of Data from Survey / Data Validation From Survey / Conclusion / Recommendation / Project Conclusion / Recommendations for Further Research / References / Appendi
Digital curation and the cloud
Digital curation involves a wide range of activities, many of which could benefit from cloud
deployment to a greater or lesser extent. These range from infrequent, resource-intensive tasks
which benefit from the ability to rapidly provision resources to day-to-day collaborative activities
which can be facilitated by networked cloud services. Associated benefits are offset by risks
such as loss of data or service level, legal and governance incompatibilities and transfer
bottlenecks. There is considerable variability across both risks and benefits according to the
service and deployment models being adopted and the context in which activities are
performed. Some risks, such as legal liabilities, are mitigated by the use of alternative, e.g.,
private cloud models, but this is typically at the expense of benefits such as resource elasticity
and economies of scale. Infrastructure as a Service model may provide a basis on which more
specialised software services may be provided.
There is considerable work to be done in helping institutions understand the cloud and its
associated costs, risks and benefits, and how these compare to their current working methods,
in order that the most beneficial uses of cloud technologies may be identified. Specific
proposals, echoing recent work coordinated by EPSRC and JISC are the development of
advisory, costing and brokering services to facilitate appropriate cloud deployments, the
exploration of opportunities for certifying or accrediting cloud preservation providers, and
the targeted publicity of outputs from pilot studies to the full range of stakeholders within the
curation lifecycle, including data creators and owners, repositories, institutional IT support
professionals and senior manager
Establishing a community-based approach to electronic journal archiving: the UK LOCKSS Pilot Programme
Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS ) represents a sophisticated combination of technical and business-aware elements that can be deployed to ensure the long-term accessibility to electronic journal content even if the publisher ceases to exist, a subscription is terminated, or the already acquired content becomes damaged. Given the potential benefits of LOCKSS to the UK community, and in consideration of the implications of the NESLi2 licences, the Joint Information Systems Committee and the Consortium of University Research Libraries (JISC/CURL) co-funded a UK LOCKSS Pilot Programme to explore issues associated with the practical implementation of LOCKSS in UK Higher Education institutions. The pilot launched in March 2006 and concluded in July 2008. Following on from our experiences throughout the UK LOCKSS Pilot Programme, this paper discusses the organizational attributes of the LOCKSS approach that we expect to further develop in the UK, describes the types of journal content that the current generation of LOCKSS seems best suited to handle and as a result how LOCKSS may fit into the broader journal archiving environment, and it describes the steps we are taking to ensure both the LOCKSS software and Technical Support Service grow effectively to support library use and information management
Smart Grid Communications: Overview of Research Challenges, Solutions, and Standardization Activities
Optimization of energy consumption in future intelligent energy networks (or
Smart Grids) will be based on grid-integrated near-real-time communications
between various grid elements in generation, transmission, distribution and
loads. This paper discusses some of the challenges and opportunities of
communications research in the areas of smart grid and smart metering. In
particular, we focus on some of the key communications challenges for realizing
interoperable and future-proof smart grid/metering networks, smart grid
security and privacy, and how some of the existing networking technologies can
be applied to energy management. Finally, we also discuss the coordinated
standardization efforts in Europe to harmonize communications standards and
protocols.Comment: To be published in IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorial
Suitability of BIM for enhancing value on PPP projects for the benefit of the public sector
Collaborative integrated working and stakeholder’s interest have been among key drivers that underpin and encourage the use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) within the AEC industry. BIM is becoming a major means to deliver projects with better improved product, and reduced risk within the construction industry. Furthermore, using BIM in areas like buildability, quality assurance, cost and scheduling can be justified through BIM-nD modelling application. What is not so obvious is how the utilisation of BIM visualisation and knowledge embedment will enhance these areas to refine and achieve better value for PPP procurement projects for the long term benefit especially during post-construction phase for the public sector. As of now there is no well-defined guidance with respect to BIM usage incorporating all of the above. Do we really need to revisit the way we specify projects within the contractual framework under PPP? This paper examines the possibility of how BIM can be utilised in the realisation of augmented formal database information management system under the PPP procurement routes with respect to operation and maintenance support. The paper concludes with additional measures that BIM can offer at the post-construction phase for the public sector at learning organisations
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