Improving Energy Efficiency for IoT Communications in 5G Networks

Increase in number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is quickly changing how mobile networks are being used by shifting more usage to uplink transmissions rather than downlink transmissions. Currently, mobile network uplinks utilize Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) schemes due to the low Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) when compared to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA). In an IoT perspective, power ratios are highly important in effective battery usage since devices are typically resource-constrained. Fifth Generation (5G) mobile networks are believed to be the future standard network that will handle the influx of IoT device uplinks while preserving the quality of service (QoS) that current Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) networks provide. In this paper, the Enhanced OEA algorithm was proposed and simulations showed a reduction in the device energy consumption and an increase in the power efficiency of uplink transmissions while preserving the QoS rate provided with SC-FDMA in 5G networks. Furthermore, the computational complexity was reduced through insertion of a sorting step prior to resource allocation

Feasibility Study of OFDM-MFSK Modulation Scheme for Smart Metering Technology

The Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing based M-ary Frequency Shift Keying (OFDM-MFSK) is a noncoherent modulation scheme which merges MFSK with the OFDM waveform. It is designed to improve the receiver sensitivity in the hard environments where channel estimation is very difficult to perform. In this paper, the OFDM-MFSK is suggested for the smart metering technology and its performance is measured and compared with the ordinary OFDM-BPSK. Our results show that, depending on the MFSK size value (M), the Packet Error Rate (PER) has dramatically improved for OFDM-MFSK. Additionally, the adaptive OFDM-MFSK, which selects the best M value that gives the minimum PER and higher throughput for each Smart Meter (SM), has better coverage than OFDM-BPSK. Although its throughput and capacity are lower than OFDMBPSK, the connected SMs per sector are higher. Based on the smart metering technology requirements which imply the need for high coverage and low amount of data exchanged between the network and the SMs, The OFDM-MFSK can be efficiently used in this technology.Comment: 6 pages, 11 figures, ISGT Europe 201

Vulnerability of LTE to Hostile Interference

LTE is well on its way to becoming the primary cellular standard, due to its performance and low cost. Over the next decade we will become dependent on LTE, which is why we must ensure it is secure and available when we need it. Unfortunately, like any wireless technology, disruption through radio jamming is possible. This paper investigates the extent to which LTE is vulnerable to intentional jamming, by analyzing the components of the LTE downlink and uplink signals. The LTE physical layer consists of several physical channels and signals, most of which are vital to the operation of the link. By taking into account the density of these physical channels and signals with respect to the entire frame, as well as the modulation and coding schemes involved, we come up with a series of vulnerability metrics in the form of jammer to signal ratios. The ``weakest links'' of the LTE signals are then identified, and used to establish the overall vulnerability of LTE to hostile interference.Comment: 4 pages, see below for citation. M. Lichtman, J. Reed, M. Norton, T. Clancy, "Vulnerability of LTE to Hostile Interference'', IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP), Dec 201

Feasibility Study of Enabling V2X Communications by LTE-Uu Radio Interface

Compared with the legacy wireless networks, the next generation of wireless network targets at different services with divergent QoS requirements, ranging from bandwidth consuming video service to moderate and low date rate machine type services, and supporting as well as strict latency requirements. One emerging new service is to exploit wireless network to improve the efficiency of vehicular traffic and public safety. However, the stringent packet end-to-end (E2E) latency and ultra-low transmission failure rates pose challenging requirements on the legacy networks. In other words, the next generation wireless network needs to support ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) involving new key performance indicators (KPIs) rather than the conventional metric, such as cell throughput in the legacy systems. In this paper, a feasibility study on applying today's LTE network infrastructure and LTE-Uu air interface to provide the URLLC type of services is performed, where the communication takes place between two traffic participants (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-pedestrian). To carry out this study, an evaluation methodology of the cellular vehicle-to-anything (V2X) communication is proposed, where packet E2E latency and successful transmission rate are considered as the key performance indicators (KPIs). Then, we describe the simulation assumptions for the evaluation. Based on them, simulation results are depicted that demonstrate the performance of the LTE network in fulfilling new URLLC requirements. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is also conducted regarding how to further improve system performance, in order to enable new emerging URLLC services.Comment: Accepted by IEEE/CIC ICCC 201

Performance Analysis of Physical Layer Network Coding for Two-way Relaying over Non-regenerative Communication Satellites

Two-way relaying is one of the major applications of broadband communication satellites, for which an efficient technique is Physical Layer Network Coding (PLNC). Earlier studies have considered satellites employing PLNC with onboard processing. This paper investigates the performance of PLNC over non-regenerative satellites, as a majority of the operational and planned satellites have no onboard processing. Assuming that the channel magnitudes of the two users are equal, two operating conditions are considered with uncoded-QPSK relaying. In the first condition, both users are completely synchronized in phase and transmit power, and in the second condition, phase is not synchronized. The peak power constraint imposed by the satellite amplifier is considered and the error performance bounds are derived for both the conditions. The simulation results for end-to-end Bit Error Rate (BER) and throughput are provided. These results shall enable communication system designers to decide system parameters like power and linearity, and perform tradeoff analysis between different relaying schemes.Comment: 9 pages and 13 figure