Proposition d'un outil d'aide à la décision pour la gestion des commandes en cas de pénurie : une approche par la performance

La thèse s'intéresse au processus de gestion des commandes dans le cas où la promesse de vente faite au client (quantité, date) ne peut être tenue en raison de ruptures temporaires de produits. Il s'agit alors de proposer un outil pour traiter les commandes de manière à satisfaire au mieux le client tout en respectant les contraintes de l'entreprise. Nous proposons un modèle d'Advanced Available To Promise pour l'aide à la gestion de commandes en cas de rupture. Il s'agit d'un outil d'aide à la décision multicritère qui permet de prendre en compte les points de vue des différents acteurs ainsi que les possibilités de flexibilité pour exécuter les commandes (substitution, livraison partielle et multi-site). Le paramétrage de l'outil permet de mettre en oeuvre des stratégies de gestion de la pénurie et d'exécution des commandes plus ou moins efficiente ou agile. Afin de mesurer et d'évaluer la performance des résultats obtenus, nous proposons également un référentiel tri-dimensionnel. ABSTRACT : Our objective is to optimize the Order Management Process performance in case of stock out situation. To reach this goal, we propose a method and a tool to integrate Supply Chain and Demand Chain. Concretely, the thesis proposes a model known as “Advanced Availbale To Promise” for decision- aking with the order management in the event of stock-out. This multicriterion decision- aking tool makes possible to take into account the different points of view from the actors as well as the possibilities of flexibility to fulfill the orders (substitution, partial delivery, multi site). The parameters setting of the tool makes it possible to implement various strategies to manage the shortage and fulfill the orders: efficient, responsive, effective, agile and leagile. In order to measure and to evaluate the performance of the results, the thesis also proposes a three-dimensional framewor

Supply chain control: Trade-offs and system requirements

The official published version can be accessed from the link below.A paper describes the underlying forces which drive change in manufacturing enterprises and supply chains. It sets out the complexities in modern capitalism and global economics and illustrates the trade-offs that can be made. IT systems which are required to assist improvements to both customer service and enterprise manufacturing performance are explained, alluding to the special case for the semiconductor industry. Arguments are presented showing how the new tools being developed with the ESPRIT project 20544, X-CITTIC, will satisfy the control needs for a virtual enterprise. This paper describes the underlying forces which drive change in manufacturing enterprises and supply chains. It sets out the complexities in modem capitalism and global economics and illustrates the trade-offs that can be made. IT systems which are required to assist improvements to both customer service and enterprise manufacturing performance are explained alluding to the special case for the semiconductor industry. Finally it shows how the new tools being developed with the ESPRIT project 20544, XCITTIC, will satisfy the control needs for a virtual enterprise

From supply chains to demand networks. Agents in retailing: the electrical bazaar

A paradigm shift is taking place in logistics. The focus is changing from operational effectiveness to adaptation. Supply Chains will develop into networks that will adapt to consumer demand in almost real time. Time to market, capacity of adaptation and enrichment of customer experience seem to be the key elements of this new paradigm. In this environment emerging technologies like RFID (Radio Frequency ID), Intelligent Products and the Internet, are triggering a reconsideration of methods, procedures and goals. We present a Multiagent System framework specialized in retail that addresses these changes with the use of rational agents and takes advantages of the new market opportunities. Like in an old bazaar, agents able to learn, cooperate, take advantage of gossip and distinguish between collaborators and competitors, have the ability to adapt, learn and react to a changing environment better than any other structure. Keywords: Supply Chains, Distributed Artificial Intelligence, Multiagent System.Postprint (published version

Joined-up food policy? The trials of governance, public policy and the food system

To address the policy malfunctions of the recent past and present, UK food policy needs to link policy areas that in the past have been dealt with in a disparate manner, and to draw on a new ecological public health approach. This will need a shift within the dominant trade liberalization–national economic competitiveness paradigm that currently informs UK food policy, and the international levels of the EU and the WTO trade rules, and grants the large corporate players in the food system a favoured place at the policy–making tables. The contradictions of the food system have wrought crises that have engendered widespread institutional change at all levels of governance. Recent institutional reforms to UK food policy, such as the FSA and DEFRA, reflect a bounded approach to policy integration. Initiatives seeking a more integrated approach to food policy problems, such as the Social Exclusion Unit’s access to shops report, and the Policy Commission on the Future of Food and Farming, can end up confined to a particular policy sector framed by particular interests—a process of “policy confinement”. However, the UK can learn from the experience of Norway and Finland who have found their own routes to a more joined–up approach to public health and a sustainable food supply by, for example, introducing a national food policy council to provide integrated policy advice. Also, at the local and community levels in the UK, policy alternatives are being advanced in an ad hoc fashion by local food initiatives. More structural–level interventions at the regional and local governance levels are also needed to address the social dimensions of a sustainable food suppl

An Empirical Study of Operational Performance Parity Following Enterprise System Deployment

This paper presents an empirical investigation into whether the implementation of packaged Enterprise Systems (ES) leads to parity in operational performance. Performance change and parity in operational performance are investigated in three geographically defined operating regions of a single firm. Order lead time, the elapsed time between receipt of an order and shipment to a customer, is used as a measure of operational performance. A single ES installation was deployed across all regions of the subject firm\u27s operations.Findings illustrate parity as an immediate consequence of ES deployment. However, differences in rates of performance improvement following deployment eventually result in significant (albeit smaller than pre-deployment) performance differences. An additional consequence of deployment seems to be an increased synchronization of performance across the formerly independent regions