Quantitative Performance Comparison of Various Traffic Shapers in Time-Sensitive Networking

Owning to the sub-standards being developed by IEEE Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) Task Group, the traditional IEEE 802.1 Ethernet is enhanced to support real-time dependable communications for future time- and safety-critical applications. Several sub-standards have been recently proposed that introduce various traffic shapers (e.g., Time-Aware Shaper (TAS), Asynchronous Traffic Shaper (ATS), Credit-Based Shaper (CBS), Strict Priority (SP)) for flow control mechanisms of queuing and scheduling, targeting different application requirements. These shapers can be used in isolation or in combination and there is limited work that analyzes, evaluates and compares their performance, which makes it challenging for end-users to choose the right combination for their applications. This paper aims at (i) quantitatively comparing various traffic shapers and their combinations, (ii) summarizing, classifying and extending the architectures of individual and combined traffic shapers and their Network calculus (NC)-based performance analysis methods and (iii) filling the gap in the timing analysis research on handling two novel hybrid architectures of combined traffic shapers, i.e., TAS+ATS+SP and TAS+ATS+CBS. A large number of experiments, using both synthetic and realistic test cases, are carried out for quantitative performance comparisons of various individual and combined traffic shapers, from the perspective of upper bounds of delay, backlog and jitter. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to quantitatively compare the performance of the main traffic shapers in TSN. The paper aims at supporting the researchers and practitioners in the selection of suitable TSN sub-protocols for their use cases

Rede sensível ao tempo: um estudo do mapeamento sistemático

The time sensitive network (TSN) is a technology that aims to provide a whole new level of determinism. It is made up of a set of standards, which are still being developed by the IEEE 802.1 working group. Its goal is to provide a network with extremely small packet loss in addition to calculable latencies and jitter. Because it is fairly recent, there is a certain di culty nding relevant materials for conducting research or developing it. Based on this problem this problem, the objective of this work is to perform a survey, gathering the important information about this new technology. The TSN is a set of several mechanisms. Each of them belongs to the 802.1 standard group. The work done here, talks about eight of the main mechanisms. In this way, a reader who has some level of information about networks, is able to understand the most relevant mechanisms and therefore can understand how the time sensitive network works, and its full potential.A rede sensível ao tempo (TSN) é uma tecnologia que visa fornecer um nível de determinismo totalmente novo. Ela é formada por um conjunto de padrões, os quais ainda estão sendo desenvolvidos pelo grupo de trabalho IEEE 802.1. Eles visam fornecer uma rede com perda de pacotes extremamente pequena alem de latências calculáveis e jitter limitado. Por ser razoavelmente recente, ha uma certa dificuldade de encontrar materiais relevantes para a realização uma pesquisa ou para o desenvolvimento da mesma. Visando essa problemática, o objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um mapeamento sistemático reunindo as informações importantes sobre esta nova tecnologia. A TSN é um conjunto de vários mecanismos. Cada um deles pertence a um padrão do grupo 802.1. O trabalho realizado aqui, fala sobre oito dos principais mecanismos. Deste modo o leitor, que possua algum nível de informação sobre redes, é capaz de compreender os mecanismos mais relevantes e por conseguinte entender como a rede sensível ao tempo funciona e todo o seu potencial

Zeitsynchronisation in drahtgebundenen Rechnernetzen

Ausgehend von einer Analyse des Standes der Technik werden neuartige Verfahren für die Zeitsynchronisation in drahtgebundenen Netzwerken vorgestellt. Unter anderem wird, zum ersten Mal im Bereich der Zeitsynchronisation, eine Kombination aus Linearer Optimierung und Broadcast-Nachrichten vorgestellt, was eine Verbindung der jeweiligen Genauigkeits- und Skalierbarkeitsvorteile ermöglicht. Weiterhin wird, ebenfalls zum ersten Mal im Bereich der Zeitsynchronisation, eine Kombination aus Linearer Optimierung und Temperaturkompensation vorgestellt.Based on an analysis of the state of the art, several new time synchronization methods for wired networks are proposed. Among others, for the first time in the synchronization domain, a combination of linear programming and broadcast messages is proposed, which allows combining the respective accuracy and scalability advantages. Moreover, this thesis proposes combining linear programming and temperature compensation, also for the first time in the field of time synchronization