1,651 research outputs found
Reputation in multi agent systems and the incentives to provide feedback
The emergence of the Internet leads to a vast increase in the number of interactions between parties that are completely alien to each other. In general, such transactions are likely to be subject to fraud and cheating. If such systems use computerized rational agents to negotiate and execute transactions, mechanisms that lead to favorable outcomes for all parties instead of giving rise to defective behavior are necessary to make the system work: trust and reputation mechanisms. This paper examines different incentive mechanisms helping these trust and reputation mechanisms in eliciting users to report own experiences honestly. --Trust,Reputation
Towards Secure Blockchain-enabled Internet of Vehicles: Optimizing Consensus Management Using Reputation and Contract Theory
In Internet of Vehicles (IoV), data sharing among vehicles is essential to
improve driving safety and enhance vehicular services. To ensure data sharing
security and traceability, highefficiency Delegated Proof-of-Stake consensus
scheme as a hard security solution is utilized to establish blockchain-enabled
IoV (BIoV). However, as miners are selected from miner candidates by
stake-based voting, it is difficult to defend against voting collusion between
the candidates and compromised high-stake vehicles, which introduces serious
security challenges to the BIoV. To address such challenges, we propose a soft
security enhancement solution including two stages: (i) miner selection and
(ii) block verification. In the first stage, a reputation-based voting scheme
for the blockchain is proposed to ensure secure miner selection. This scheme
evaluates candidates' reputation by using both historical interactions and
recommended opinions from other vehicles. The candidates with high reputation
are selected to be active miners and standby miners. In the second stage, to
prevent internal collusion among the active miners, a newly generated block is
further verified and audited by the standby miners. To incentivize the standby
miners to participate in block verification, we formulate interactions between
the active miners and the standby miners by using contract theory, which takes
block verification security and delay into consideration. Numerical results
based on a real-world dataset indicate that our schemes are secure and
efficient for data sharing in BIoV.Comment: 12 pages, submitted for possible journal publicatio
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Incentive Mechanisms in Peer-to-Peer Networks — A Systematic Literature Review
Centralized networks inevitably exhibit single points of failure that malicious actors regularly target. Decentralized networks are more resilient if numerous participants contribute to the network’s functionality. Most decentralized networks employ incentive mechanisms to coordinate the participation and cooperation of peers and thereby ensure the functionality and security of the network. This article systematically reviews incentive mechanisms for decentralized networks and networked systems by covering 165 prior literature reviews and 178 primary research papers published between 1993 and October 2022. Of the considered sources, we analyze 11 literature reviews and 105 primary research papers in detail by categorizing and comparing the distinctive properties of the presented incentive mechanisms. The reviewed incentive mechanisms establish fairness and reward participation and cooperative behavior. We review work that substitutes central authority through independent and subjective mechanisms run in isolation at each participating peer and work that applies multiparty computation. We use monetary, reputation, and service rewards as categories to differentiate the implementations and evaluate each incentive mechanism’s data management, attack resistance, and contribution model. Further, we highlight research gaps and deficiencies in reproducibility and comparability. Finally, we summarize our assessments and provide recommendations to apply incentive mechanisms to decentralized networks that share computational resources
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