1,427 research outputs found
Category-measure duality: convexity, mid-point convexity and Berz sublinearity
Category-measure duality concerns applications of Baire-category methods that have measure-theoretic analogues. The set-theoretic axiom needed in connection with the Baire category theorem is the Axiom of Dependent Choice, DC rather than the Axiom of Choice, AC. Berz used the Hahn–Banach theorem over Q to prove that the graph of a measurable sublinear function that is Q+ -homogeneous consists of two half-lines through the origin. We give a category form of the Berz theorem. Our proof is simpler than that of the classical measure-theoretic Berz theorem, our result contains Berz’s theorem rather than simply being an analogue of it, and we use only DC rather than AC. Furthermore, the category form easily generalizes: the graph of a Baire sublinear function defined on a Banach space is a cone. The results are seen to be of automatic-continuity type. We use Christensen Haar null sets to extend the category approach beyond the locally compact setting where Haar measure exists. We extend Berz’s result from Euclidean to Banach spaces, and beyond. Passing from sublinearity to convexity, we extend the Bernstein–Doetsch theorem and related continuity results, allowing our conditions to be ‘local’—holding off some exceptional set
Expansions of subfields of the real field by a discrete set
Let K be a subfield of the real field, D be a discrete subset of K and f :
D^n -> K be a function such that f(D^n) is somewhere dense. Then (K,f) defines
the set of integers. We present several applications of this result. We show
that K expanded by predicates for different cyclic multiplicative subgroups
defines the set of integers. Moreover, we prove that every definably complete
expansion of a subfield of the real field satisfies an analogue of the Baire
Category Theorem
The random graph
Erd\H{o}s and R\'{e}nyi showed the paradoxical result that there is a unique
(and highly symmetric) countably infinite random graph. This graph, and its
automorphism group, form the subject of the present survey.Comment: Revised chapter for new edition of book "The Mathematics of Paul
Erd\H{o}s
Additivity, subadditivity and linearity: automatic continuity and quantifier weakening
We study the interplay between additivity (as in the Cauchy functional
equation), subadditivity and linearity. We obtain automatic continuity results
in which additive or subadditive functions, under minimal regularity
conditions, are continuous and so linear. We apply our results in the context
of quantifier weakening in the theory of regular variation completing our
programme of reducing the number of hard proofs there to zero.Comment: Companion paper to: Cauchy's functional equation and extensions:
Goldie's equation and inequality, the Go{\l}\k{a}b-Schinzel equation and
Beurling's equation Updated to refer to other developments and their
publication detail
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