2 research outputs found
The use of late time response for stand off onbody concealed weapon detection
A new system for remote detection of onbody concealed weapons such as knives and
handheld guns at standoff distances presented in this thesis. The system was designed,
simulated, constructed and tested in the laboratory. The detection system uses an Ultrawide
Band (UWB) antenna to bombard the target with a UWB electromagnetic pulse.
This incident pulse induces electrical currents in the surface of an object such as a knife,
which given appropriate conditions these currents generate an electromagnetic
backscatter radiation. The radiated waves are detected using another UWB antenna to
obtain the Late Time Response (LTR) signature of the detected object. The LTR
signature was analysed using the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) in order to
assess the nature and the geometry of the object.
The thesis presents the work which divided into two related areas. The first involved the
design, simulation, fabrication, and testing of an Ultra-wide Band (UWB) antenna with
operating bandwidth of 0.25 β 3.0 GHz and specific characteristics. Simulated and
measured results show that the designed antenna achieves the design objectives which
are, flat gain, a VSWR of around unity and distortion less transmitted narrow pulse. The
operating bandwidth was chosen to cover the fundamental Complex Natural Resonance
(CNR) modes of most firearms and to give a fine enough time resolution. The second
area covered by this thesis presents a new approach for extract target signature based on
the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) applied to the scattering response of onbody
concealed weapons. A series of experiments were conducted to test the operation of the
detection system which involved onbody and offbody objects such as, knives, handheld
guns, and a number of metallic wires of various dimensions. Practical and simulation
results were in good agreement demonstrating the success of the approach of using the
CWT in analyzing the LTR signature which is used for the first time in this work.
Spectral response for every target could be seen as a distribution in which the energy
level and life-time depended on the target material and geometry. The spectral density
provides very powerful information concerning target unique signature
Remote Detection of Concealed Guns and Explosives
A reliable method of remotely detecting concealed guns and explosives attached to the
human body is of great interest to governments and security forces throughout the world.
This thesis describes the development and trials of a new remote non-imaging concealed
threat detection method using active millimetre wave radar using the microwave and mmwave
frequencies bands 14 β 40 and 75 β 110 GHz (Ku, K, Ka and W). The method is
capable of not only screening for concealed objects, like the current generation of
concealed object detectors, but also of differentiating between mundane and threat objects.
The areas focused upon during this investigation were: identifying the impact of different
commonly worn fabrics as barriers to detection; consulting with end users about their
requirements and operational needs; a comparison of different frequency bands for the
detection of guns and explosives; exploring the effects of polarisation on object detection;
a performance comparison of different detection schemes using Artificial Neural
Networks; improving existing data acquisition systems and prototyping of a real-time
capture system