93,608 research outputs found
Place classification with a graph regularized deep neural network
© 2016 IEEE. Place classification is a fundamental ability that a robot should possess to carry out effective human-robot interactions. In recent years, there is a high exploitation of artificial intelligence algorithms in robotics applications. Inspired by the recent successes of deep learning methods, we propose an end-to-end learning approach for the place classification problem. With deep architectures, this methodology automatically discovers features and contributes in general to higher classification accuracies. The pipeline of our approach is composed of three parts. First, we construct multiple layers of laser range data to represent the environment information in different levels of granularity. Second, each layer of data are fed into a deep neural network for classification, where a graph regularization is imposed to the deep architecture for keeping local consistency between adjacent samples. Finally, the predicted labels obtained from all layers are fused based on confidence trees to maximize the overall confidence. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of our end-to-end place classification framework in which both the multilayer structure and the graph regularization promote the classification performance. Furthermore, results show that the features automatically learned from the raw input range data can achieve competitive results to the features constructed based on statistical and geometrical information
The Map Equation Goes Neural
Community detection and graph clustering are essential for unsupervised data
exploration and understanding the high-level organisation of networked systems.
Recently, graph clustering has received attention as a primary task for graph
neural networks. Although hierarchical graph pooling has been shown to improve
performance in graph and node classification tasks, it performs poorly in
identifying meaningful clusters. Community detection has a long history in
network science, but typically relies on optimising objective functions with
custom-tailored search algorithms, not leveraging recent advances in deep
learning, particularly from graph neural networks. In this paper, we narrow
this gap between the deep learning and network science communities. We consider
the map equation, an information-theoretic objective function for unsupervised
community detection. Expressing it in a fully differentiable tensor form that
produces soft cluster assignments, we optimise the map equation with deep
learning through gradient descent. More specifically, the reformulated map
equation is a loss function compatible with any graph neural network
architecture, enabling flexible clustering and graph pooling that clusters both
graph structure and data features in an end-to-end way, automatically finding
an optimum number of clusters without explicit regularisation by following the
minimum description length principle. We evaluate our approach experimentally
using different neural network architectures for unsupervised clustering in
synthetic and real data. Our results show that our approach achieves
competitive performance against baselines, naturally detects overlapping
communities, and avoids over-partitioning sparse graphs
Graph Convolutional Neural Networks based on Quantum Vertex Saliency
This paper proposes a new Quantum Spatial Graph Convolutional Neural Network
(QSGCNN) model that can directly learn a classification function for graphs of
arbitrary sizes. Unlike state-of-the-art Graph Convolutional Neural Network
(GCNN) models, the proposed QSGCNN model incorporates the process of
identifying transitive aligned vertices between graphs, and transforms
arbitrary sized graphs into fixed-sized aligned vertex grid structures. In
order to learn representative graph characteristics, a new quantum spatial
graph convolution is proposed and employed to extract multi-scale vertex
features, in terms of quantum information propagation between grid vertices of
each graph. Since the quantum spatial convolution preserves the grid structures
of the input vertices (i.e., the convolution layer does not change the original
spatial sequence of vertices), the proposed QSGCNN model allows to directly
employ the traditional convolutional neural network architecture to further
learn from the global graph topology, providing an end-to-end deep learning
architecture that integrates the graph representation and learning in the
quantum spatial graph convolution layer and the traditional convolutional layer
for graph classifications. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed
QSGCNN model in relation to existing state-of-the-art methods. The proposed
QSGCNN model addresses the shortcomings of information loss and imprecise
information representation arising in existing GCN models associated with the
use of SortPooling or SumPooling layers. Experiments on benchmark graph
classification datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed QSGCNN
model
Attributed Graph Classification via Deep Graph Convolutional Neural Networks
From social networks to biological networks, graphs are a natural way to represent a diverse set of real-world data. This research presents attributed graph convolutional neural network with a pooling layer (AGCP for short), a novel end-to-end deep neural network model which captures the higher-order latent attributes of weighted, labeled, undirected, attributed graphs of arbitrary size. The architecture of AGCP is an efficient variant of convolutional neural network (CNN) and has a linear filter function that convolves over the fixed topological structure of a graph to learn local and global attributes of the graph. Convolution is followed by a pooling layer that coarsens the graph while preserving the global structure of the original input graph using information gain. On the other hand, advances in high throughput technologies for next-generation sequencing have enabled machine learning research to acquire and extract knowledge from biological networks. We apply AGCP on three bioinformatics networks, ENZYMES, D&D, and GINA a graph dataset of gene interaction networks with genomic mutation attributes as the attributes of the vertices. In several experiments on these datasets, we demonstrate that AGCP yields better results in terms of classification accuracy relative to the previously proposed models by a considerable margin
Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentation
International audienceSemantic segmentation models are limited in their ability to scale to large numbers of object classes. In this paper, we introduce the new task of zero-shot semantic segmentation: learning pixel-wise classifiers for never-seen object categories with zero training examples. To this end, we present a novel architecture, ZS3Net, combining a deep visual segmentation model with an approach to generate visual representations from semantic word embeddings. By this way, ZS3Net addresses pixel classification tasks where both seen and unseen categories are faced at test time (so called "generalized" zero-shot classification). Performance is further improved by a self-training step that relies on automatic pseudo-labeling of pixels from unseen classes. On the two standard segmentation datasets, Pascal-VOC and Pascal-Context, we propose zero-shot benchmarks and set competitive baselines. For complex scenes as ones in the Pascal-Context dataset, we extend our approach by using a graph-context encoding to fully leverage spatial context priors coming from class-wise segmentation maps.Code and models are available at: https://github.com/valeoai/zero_shot_semantic_segmentatio
- …