Defining user perception of distributed multimedia quality

This article presents the results of a study that explored the human side of the multimedia experience. We propose a model that assesses quality variation from three distinct levels: the network, the media and the content levels; and from two views: the technical and the user perspective. By facilitating parameter variation at each of the quality levels and from each of the perspectives, we were able to examine their impact on user quality perception. Results show that a significant reduction in frame rate does not proportionally reduce the user's understanding of the presentation independent of technical parameters, that multimedia content type significantly impacts user information assimilation, user level of enjoyment, and user perception of quality, and that the device display type impacts user information assimilation and user perception of quality. Finally, to ensure the transfer of information, low-level abstraction (network-level) parameters, such as delay and jitter, should be adapted; to maintain the user's level of enjoyment, high-level abstraction quality parameters (content-level), such as the appropriate use of display screens, should be adapted

Some Insights in the Historical Prospective of Hierarchy of Effects Model: A Short Review

The study emphasized on the role of hierarchy of effects model in advertisement and reviewed its historical background along with different phases. This study clarified the early development phase, modern development phase, some challenges and defenses, and digital phase of the model in detail. The study highlighted different steps of hierarchy of effects model and how it effectively influence customers mind in advertisement. The study mentioned the steps of awareness, interest, desire, action which is also known as AIDA model. The study anticipated that AIDA is the oldest acronym of marketing. It is best, will never change and can be applied to print, social, mobile, online and digital advertising

Between Beats:linking player experience to advertisement frequency and intrusiveness

Abstract. Advertising is common way to monetize mobile games and an increase in revenue is commonly tied to an increase in the number of advertisements. In this Master’s thesis the relationship between player experience and advertising is explored in the context of mobile games. This thesis set out to fill a research gap in existing literature by performing a survey study with constructive approach. I developed a game titled Between Beats which was used as a construct to study specific aspects of player experience in the field of game user research, which is a specified area of user experience research. The research questions explored were: How an increase in advertising influences player experience in mobile games? and How can an increase in advertising be framed in such a way that it has minimal negative impact on player experience in context of mobile games? Existing work was explored from the standpoint of related games and design choices that gave influence to the project and from the standpoint of research performed on advertising in the context of mobile games. The thesis also presents description on the development of Between Beats from the technical point of view in conjunction with information on project management methods and software tools used. This study found that adding rewarded advertisements to a situation that already had interstitial advertisements, without removing the interstitial advertisements, resulted in reduction of perceived advertisement intrusiveness and increase in advertisements viewed. Furthermore, player engagement remained constant. The findings agree with the existing literature presented in the areas that have been explored before, such as player engagement and effects of using rewarded advertisements instead of interstitial advertisements.Between Beats : pelaajakokemuksen yhdistäminen mainonnan tiheyteen ja häiritsevyyteen. Tiivistelmä. Mainosten näyttäminen on tyypillinen tapa ansaita voittoa mobiilipeleillä, ja voiton kasvattaminen on usein sidottu mainosten määrän kasvattamiseen. Tässä diplomityössä tutkitaan pelaajakokemuksen ja mainonnan välistä suhdetta mobiilipelien kontekstissa. Tämä työ pyrkii konstruktiivisen menetelmän ja käyttäjille toteutetun kyselyn avulla lisäämään tietämystä mainonnan vaikutuksesta pelaajakokemukseen. Pelaajatutkimus ja pelaajakokemuksen kartoitus ovat osa käyttäjäkokemustutkimusta, joiden aihepiiriin diplomityö asettuu. Pelaajakokemuksen tiettyjen aspektien tutkimiseen käytettiin tässä työssä kehitettyä konstruktia, mobiilipeliä nimeltä Between Beats. Työn tutkimuskysymykset ovat: Kuinka mainosten määrän kasvu vaikuttaa pelaajakokemukseen mobiilipeleissä? ja Kuinka mainosten määrän kasvu voidaan asettaa sellaiseen viitekehykseen, että sillä on mahdollisimman pieni negatiivinen vaikutus pelaajakokemukseen mobiilipelien kontekstissa? Olemassa olevia pelejä tutkittiin niiden tälle työlle antamien vaikutteiden näkökulmasta. Kirjallisuuskatsaus on tehty myös pääosin mobiilipelimainostamisen näkökulmasta. Tässä työssä kuvaillaan laajasti Between Beats -pelin design-vaikutteet ja kehittäminen teknisestä näkökulmasta, sekä käytetyt projektinhallintametodit ja ohjelmistotyökalut. Tutkimuksessa todettiin, että palkittujen mainosten lisääminen tilanteessa, jossa on valmiiksi välisivumainoksia, johti koetun mainosten häiritsevyyden laskuun ja katsottujen mainosten määrän nousuun, kun lisäys tehtiin poistamatta välisivumainoksia. Pelaajien henkinen sitoutuminen pelin kanssa pysyi muuttumattomana mainosten määrän muutoksesta huolimatta. Löydökset yhtyvät aiempiin tutkimustuloksiin niiltä osin kun aihetta on tutkittu esimerkiksi pelaajavuorovaikutuksen sekä erilaisten mainosten ja niiden katsomisesta palkitsemisen kannalta

Application of TOPSIS for Solving Optimal Brand Communication Effect on the Portal

[[abstract]]Based on the cognitive psychology of selective attention and priming effect, and visual display effect, this research aims to explore how banner advertisements in the portal sites affect brand communication after end user enter the web. This study uses online SSI Web questionnaire and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. The prime age group selection considers the brand communication effect simultaneously from involvement, advertising attitude, purchase intention and attractiveness of advertisement content. Finally, TOPSIS are presented as an empirical example in brand communication effect on the web portal. The result indicates that the advertising through portal site has optimal brand communication effect on age between 20 to 29 years. The results can help business to make efficient decision. Managerial issues and future work of this paper are discussed.[[notice]]補正完畢[[journaltype]]國外[[incitationindex]]EI[[ispeerreviewed]]Y[[booktype]]電子版[[countrycodes]]US

An overstimulated consumer in a highly visual world: the moderating effect of the highly sensitive person (hsp) trait on the attitude towards the ad

In the digital world, consumers are constantly being exposed to an overwhelming number of visual stimuli. Online advertisements are the big new showroom for brands – all are striving for attention and attracting the right customer. Generally, advertisements combine colored imagery and strong movements to encourage and capture the consumer’s attention, but is this always the right strategy? Literature shows that people could react differently to similar stimuli, depending on their personality traits – specifically, the visual stimuli embedded in online ads are not an exception. Thus, brands could eventually repel (rather than entice) potential customers by using various colors, high dynamism, and information overload. This research aims to assess how people with a higher sensitivity to external stimuli, commonly defined as Highly Sensitive Persons (HSPs, Aron & Aron, 1997) react when exposed to ads with excessive visual stimuli (i.e., colors, dynamic imagery, complex layouts). Additionally, the HSP trait will be tested as a moderator in the relationship between visual stimuli and attitude towards the ad. A quantitative methodology will be used, involving an experimental design. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. We seek to shed some light on the literature through the study of this innovative topic that merges the HSP trait and consumer behavior.Numa era digital, os consumidores estão constantemente expostos a um exorbitante número de estímulos visuais. Os anúncios online são a grande aposta para expansão das marcas – existe um esforço cada vez maior por captar a atenção e atrair o cliente certo. Geralmente, os anúncios agregam cores e movimentos fortes para despertar a atenção do consumidor, mas será essa sempre a estratégia certa a seguir? A literatura demonstra que as pessoas podem reagir de forma diferente a estímulos semelhantes, dependendo de seus traços de personalidade – e, os estímulos visuais incorporados em anúncios online, não são uma exceção. Assim, as marcas podem estar a afastar (em vez de seduzir) potenciais clientes usando uma grande combinação de cores, alto dinamismo e sobrecarga de informações. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar como as pessoas com maior sensibilidade a estímulos externos, comumente definidas como Pessoas Altamente Sensíveis (PAS, Aron & Aron, 1997) reagem quando expostas a anúncios com estímulos visuais excessivos (ou seja, cores, imagens dinâmicas, layouts complexos). Adicionalmente, o traço PAS será testado como moderador na relação entre estímulos visuais dos anúncios e a atitude perante o anúncio. Será utilizada uma metodologia quantitativa, envolvendo um design experimental. As implicações teóricas e práticas serão discutidas. Pretende-se agregar novos conhecimentos à literatura através do estudo deste tema inovador que cruza o traço HSP e o comportamento do consumidor

Macro-and Micro-Expressions Facial Datasets: A Survey

Automatic facial expression recognition is essential for many potential applications. Thus, having a clear overview on existing datasets that have been investigated within the framework of face expression recognition is of paramount importance in designing and evaluating effective solutions, notably for neural networks-based training. In this survey, we provide a review of more than eighty facial expression datasets, while taking into account both macro-and micro-expressions. The proposed study is mostly focused on spontaneous and in-the-wild datasets, given the common trend in the research is that of considering contexts where expressions are shown in a spontaneous way and in a real context. We have also provided instances of potential applications of the investigated datasets, while putting into evidence their pros and cons. The proposed survey can help researchers to have a better understanding of the characteristics of the existing datasets, thus facilitating the choice of the data that best suits the particular context of their application

EFFECTS OF IMAGE CONGRUENCY ON PERSUASIVENESS AND RECALL IN DIRECT-TO-CONSUMER PRESCRIPTION DRUG ADVERTISING

Although direct-to-consumer (DTC) prescription drug advertising is regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, content analyses (Baird-Harris, 2009; Frosch, Krueger, Hornik, Cronbolm, & Berg, 2007; Kaphingst, DeJong, Rudd, & Daltroy, 2004; Wilkes, Bell, & Kravitz, 2000) and other studies (Davis, 2000, 2007) have suggested that advertisers may not disclose drug risks to the same extent that they describe drug benefits. This study builds on previous studies by Baird-Harris and Smith and Shaffer (2000) and aims to test the relationship between image congruency in televised DTC advertisements, recall of risks and benefits, and perceived ad persuasiveness. Advertisements for Nexium, Advair, and Lunesta were shown to college students in either their original (i.e., image incongruent) or modified (i.e., image neutral) form. In general, risks were easier to recall with image neutral advertisements (which were considered to be less persuasive), although results were not statistically significant. Gender had a significant interaction effect, suggesting that males and females process risks differently depending on images in a DTC advertisement. Despite its lack of significant findings, this study explores an underdeveloped area of research and provides a model for future studies