Annual Research Briefs - 1996

This report contains the 1996 annual progress reports of the research fellows and students supported by the Center for Turbulence Research. Last year, CTR hosted twelve resident Postdoctoral Fellows, three Research Associates, four Senior Research Fellows, and supported one doctoral student and ten short term visitors

Annual Research Briefs

This report contains the 1997 annual progress reports of the research fellows and students supported by the Center for Turbulence Research (CTR). Titles include: Invariant modeling in large-eddy simulation of turbulence; Validation of large-eddy simulation in a plain asymmetric diffuser; Progress in large-eddy simulation of trailing-edge turbulence and aeronautics; Resolution requirements in large-eddy simulations of shear flows; A general theory of discrete filtering for LES in complex geometry; On the use of discrete filters for large eddy simulation; Wall models in large eddy simulation of separated flow; Perspectives for ensemble average LES; Anisotropic grid-based formulas for subgrid-scale models; Some modeling requirements for wall models in large eddy simulation; Numerical simulation of 3D turbulent boundary layers using the V2F model; Accurate modeling of impinging jet heat transfer; Application of turbulence models to high-lift airfoils; Advances in structure-based turbulence modeling; Incorporating realistic chemistry into direct numerical simulations of turbulent non-premixed combustion; Effects of small-scale structure on turbulent mixing; Turbulent premixed combustion in the laminar flamelet and the thin reaction zone regime; Large eddy simulation of combustion instabilities in turbulent premixed burners; On the generation of vorticity at a free-surface; Active control of turbulent channel flow; A generalized framework for robust control in fluid mechanics; Combined immersed-boundary/B-spline methods for simulations of flow in complex geometries; and DNS of shock boundary-layer interaction - preliminary results for compression ramp flow

Large Eddy simulation of premixed combustion

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Studying Turbulence Using Numerical Simulation Databases. 4: Proceedings of the 1992 Summer Program

Papers are presented under the following subject areas: small scales; turbulence physics; compressible flow and modeling; and reacting flows and combustion

Annual Research Briefs: 1995

This report contains the 1995 annual progress reports of the Research Fellows and students of the Center for Turbulence Research (CTR). In 1995 CTR continued its concentration on the development and application of large-eddy simulation to complex flows, development of novel modeling concepts for engineering computations in the Reynolds averaged framework, and turbulent combustion. In large-eddy simulation, a number of numerical and experimental issues have surfaced which are being addressed. The first group of reports in this volume are on large-eddy simulation. A key finding in this area was the revelation of possibly significant numerical errors that may overwhelm the effects of the subgrid-scale model. We also commissioned a new experiment to support the LES validation studies. The remaining articles in this report are concerned with Reynolds averaged modeling, studies of turbulence physics and flow generated sound, combustion, and simulation techniques. Fundamental studies of turbulent combustion using direct numerical simulations which started at CTR will continue to be emphasized. These studies and their counterparts carried out during the summer programs have had a noticeable impact on combustion research world wide

Fifth International Microgravity Combustion Workshop

This conference proceedings document is a compilation of 120 papers presented orally or as poster displays to the Fifth International Microgravity Combustion Workshop held in Cleveland, Ohio on May 18-20, 1999. The purpose of the workshop is to present and exchange research results from theoretical and experimental work in combustion science using the reduced-gravity environment as a research tool. The results are contributed by researchers funded by NASA throughout the United States at universities, industry and government research agencies, and by researchers from at least eight international partner countries that are also participating in the microgravity combustion science research discipline. These research results are intended for use by public and private sector organizations for academic purposes, for the development of technologies needed for the Human Exploration and Development of Space, and to improve Earth-bound combustion and fire-safety related technologies

Studying Turbulence Using Numerical Simulation Databases. 5: Proceedings of the 1994 Summer Program

Direct numerical simulation databases were used to study turbulence physics and modeling issues at the fifth Summer Program of the Center for Turbulence Research. The largest group, comprising more than half of the participants, was the Turbulent Reacting Flows and Combustion group. The remaining participants were in three groups: Fundamentals, Modeling & LES, and Rotating Turbulence. For the first time in the CTR Summer Programs, participants included engineers from the U.S. aerospace industry. They were exposed to a variety of problems involving turbulence, and were able to incorporate the models developed at CTR in their company codes. They were exposed to new ideas on turbulence prediction, methods which already appear to have had an impact on their capabilities at their laboratories. Such interactions among the practitioners in the government, academia, and industry are the most meaningful way of transferring technology

Conditional statistics in a turbulent premixed flame derived from direct numerical simulation

The objective of this paper is to briefly introduce conditional moment closure (CMC) methods for premixed systems and to derive the transport equation for the conditional species mass fraction conditioned on the progress variable based on the enthalpy. Our statistical analysis will be based on the 3-D DNS database of Trouve and Poinsot available at the Center for Turbulence Research. The initial conditions and characteristics (turbulence, thermo-diffusive properties) as well as the numerical method utilized in the DNS of Trouve and Poinsot are presented, and some details concerning our statistical analysis are also given. From the analysis of DNS results, the effects of the position in the flame brush, of the Damkoehler and Lewis numbers on the conditional mean scalar dissipation, and conditional mean velocity are presented and discussed. Information concerning unconditional turbulent fluxes are also presented. The anomaly found in previous studies of counter-gradient diffusion for the turbulent flux of the progress variable is investigated

Méthodes avancées pour les maillages dans le calcul haute performance des simulations d'explosion

Des améliorations considérables ont été apportées à la simulation numérique par LES (Large Eddy Simulation) au cours des trente dernières années. Cela a été possible grâce à l'introduction de méthodes numériques plus robustes, à l'amélioration de la modélisation des conditions aux limites et à l'utilisation de produits chimiques plus précis et détaillés dans le domaine de la combustion. Le calcul haute performance est un facteur clé. Le calcul haute performance est un facteur clé pour que ces simulations puissent être réalisées dans un délai raisonnable et utiliser des géométries représentatives réalistes à grande échelle. Malgré les avancées dans tous ces domaines, le goulot d'étranglement pour la résolution de ces problèmes reste la résolution/qualité du maillage initial. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'abord de comprendre pourquoi la résolution du maillage est importante grâce à l'analyse de la stabilité globale, puis d'atténuer ce problème en utilisant l'adaptation dynamique du maillage pour les problèmes d'explosion liés à la combustion. La première partie du manuscrit traite de l'analyse de stabilité globale (GSA) de l'équation de convection-diffusion linéaire (LCDE) et de l'équation de convection-diffusion-réaction linéaire (LCDRE) pour les écoulements sans réaction et avec réaction respectivement. Cette analyse montre l'importance des paramètres non dimensionnels tels que le nombre CFL Nc, le nombre de Peclet Pe et le nombre de Damkohler, Da sur la stabilité, la nature dispersive et diffusive du schéma numérique choisi (schémas Lax-Wendroff et TTGC). L'analyse met en évidence l'importance de la résolution du maillage pour obtenir une solution précise et stable pour tout problème numérique. En particulier, lors de la résolution de problèmes réalistes d'écoulement réactif, il est primordial de résoudre le front de flamme de manière adéquate pour obtenir des solutions précises. Pour surmonter ce problème, lors de la résolution de simulations réalistes d'écoulement réactif à grande échelle, il est utile d'utiliser le raffinement dynamique du maillage en cours d'exécution pour des raisons de précision et de coût. Dans la deuxième partie du manuscrit, deux techniques différentes d'adaptation dynamique du maillage sont expliquées. Bien qu'utilisant un algorithme générique similaire, les différences entre les deux techniques sont détaillées. Plusieurs cas de test sont simulés pour valider les techniques d'adaptation. Une quantité d'intérêt (QOI) appropriée est choisie en fonction du cas étudié. À l'aide de cette quantité d'intérêt, deux cas d'essai d'écoulement réactif à grande échelle, compressible et turbulent sont simulés en utilisant l'adaptation dynamique du maillage dans le but d'obtenir la même précision tout en obtenant des avantages en termes de performance

SOLID-SHELL FINITE ELEMENT MODELS FOR EXPLICIT SIMULATIONS OF CRACK PROPAGATION IN THIN STRUCTURES

Crack propagation in thin shell structures due to cutting is conveniently simulated using explicit finite element approaches, in view of the high nonlinearity of the problem. Solidshell elements are usually preferred for the discretization in the presence of complex material behavior and degradation phenomena such as delamination, since they allow for a correct representation of the thickness geometry. However, in solid-shell elements the small thickness leads to a very high maximum eigenfrequency, which imply very small stable time-steps. A new selective mass scaling technique is proposed to increase the time-step size without affecting accuracy. New ”directional” cohesive interface elements are used in conjunction with selective mass scaling to account for the interaction with a sharp blade in cutting processes of thin ductile shells