132,765 research outputs found
Comparing and Combining Sentiment Analysis Methods
Several messages express opinions about events, products, and services,
political views or even their author's emotional state and mood. Sentiment
analysis has been used in several applications including analysis of the
repercussions of events in social networks, analysis of opinions about products
and services, and simply to better understand aspects of social communication
in Online Social Networks (OSNs). There are multiple methods for measuring
sentiments, including lexical-based approaches and supervised machine learning
methods. Despite the wide use and popularity of some methods, it is unclear
which method is better for identifying the polarity (i.e., positive or
negative) of a message as the current literature does not provide a method of
comparison among existing methods. Such a comparison is crucial for
understanding the potential limitations, advantages, and disadvantages of
popular methods in analyzing the content of OSNs messages. Our study aims at
filling this gap by presenting comparisons of eight popular sentiment analysis
methods in terms of coverage (i.e., the fraction of messages whose sentiment is
identified) and agreement (i.e., the fraction of identified sentiments that are
in tune with ground truth). We develop a new method that combines existing
approaches, providing the best coverage results and competitive agreement. We
also present a free Web service called iFeel, which provides an open API for
accessing and comparing results across different sentiment methods for a given
text.Comment: Proceedings of the first ACM conference on Online social networks
(2013) 27-3
Word of Mouth, the Importance of Reviews and Ratings in Tourism Marketing
The Internet and social media have given place to what is commonly known as the democratization of content and this phenomenon is changing the way that consumers and companies interact. Business strategies are shifting from influencing consumers directly and induce sales to mediating the influence that Internet users have on each other. A consumer review is âa mixture of fact and opinion, impression and sentiment, found and unfound tidbits, experiences, and even rumorâ (Blackshaw & Nazarro, 2006). Consumers' comments are seen as honest and transparent, but it is their subjective perception what shapes the behavior of other potential consumers. With the emergence of the Internet, tourists search for information and reviews of destinations, hotels or services. Several studies have highlighted the great influence of online reputation through reviews and ratings and how it affects purchasing decisions by others (Schuckert, Liu, & Law, 2015). These reviews are seen as unbiased and trustworthy, and considered to reduce uncertainty and perceived risks (Gretzel & Yoo, 2008; Park & Nicolau, 2015). Before choosing a destination, tourists are likely to spend a significant amount of time searching for information including reviews of other tourists posted on the Internet. The average traveler browses 38 websites prior to purchasing vacation packages (Schaal, 2013), which may include tourism forums, online reviews in booking sites and other generic social media websites such as Facebook and Twitter.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio
Prisoner Reentry in Houston: Community Perspectives
Outlines the views of community members, local government, and the nonprofit sector on housing, employment, substance abuse, and other issues of prisoner reentry; policies and practices that affect reentry; and the roles of the community and stakeholders
What do parents of children with dysphagia think about their MDT? A qualitative study
Objectives: To seek the experiences and perspectives of parents caring for children with dysphagia, with emphasis on their experiences of working within their childâs multidisciplinary team (MDT) Setting: This research was completed in community settings, within familiesâ homes across the UK. Participants: Fourteen families self-selected to participate in the study. Criteria specified that participants must care for a child under the age of 18 and to decrease ambiguity the term âdiagnosis of dysphagiaâ was defined as the need for modified (thickened) fluids. Exclusion criteria: caring for an adult over the age of 18; diet and fluid modifications for reasons other than dysphagia (e.g. for symptomatic treatment of Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). Participants were interviewed within their homes using a semi-structured questionnaire and data was analysed using a descriptive phenomenological approach through use of thematic coding and constant comparison. Themes and relationships were inductively generated from the data. Results: Participants universally expressed a desire to be involved with their childâs multidisciplinary team; this study identified the following facilitators and barriers to collaboration: Accessing Services, Professional Knowledge, and Professional Skillset. Participants described three means of responding to these barriers: Reacting Emotionally, Seeking Solutions, and Making Decisions. Conclusions: This study recorded in-depth reports of participantsâ experiences of working with healthcare providers. Despite government-driven efforts towards person-centred health and social care, participants shared accounts of times when this has not occurred, describing a negative impact on the well-being and quality of life of their child and family
What young people want from health-related online resources: a focus group study
The growth of the Internet as an information source about health, particularly amongst young people, is well established. The aim of this study was to explore young people's perceptions and experiences of engaging with health-related online content, particularly through social media websites. Between February and July 2011 nine focus groups were facilitated across Scotland with young people aged between 14 and 18 years. Health-related user-generated content seems to be appreciated by young people as a useful, if not always trustworthy, source of accounts of other people's experiences. The reliability and quality of both user-generated content and official factual content about health appear to be concerns for young people, and they employ specialised strategies for negotiating both areas of the online environment. Young people's engagement with health online is a dynamic area for research. Their perceptions and experiences of health-related content seem based on their wider familiarity with the online environment and, as the online environment develops, so too do young people's strategies and conventions for accessing it
Citizensâ Juries: When Older Adults Deliberate on the Benefits and Risks of Smart Health and Smart Homes
open access articleBackground: Technology-enabled healthcare or smart health has provided a wealth of
products and services to enable older people to monitor and manage their own health conditions at
home, thereby maintaining independence, whilst also reducing healthcare costs. However, despite
the growing ubiquity of smart health, innovations are often technically driven, and the older user does
not often have input into design. The purpose of the current study was to facilitate a debate about
the positive and negative perceptions and attitudes towards digital health technologies. Methods:
We conducted citizensâ juries to enable a deliberative inquiry into the benefits and risks of smart health
technologies and systems. Transcriptions of group discussions were interpreted from a perspective
of life-worlds versus systems-worlds. Results: Twenty-three participants of diverse demographics
contributed to the debate. Views of older people were felt to be frequently ignored by organisations
implementing systems and technologies. Participants demonstrated diverse levels of digital literacy
and a range of concerns about misuse of technology. Conclusion: Our interpretation contrasted
the life-world of experiences, hopes, and fears with the systems-world of surveillance, e ciencies,
and risks. This interpretation o ers new perspectives on involving older people in co-design and
governance of smart health and smart homes
National vs. international journals: views of medical professionals in Croatia
Scholarly journals, especially in non-English-speaking countries, may perform very different functions depending on whether they are published for national or international audiences. Four hundred and sixty-six academic physicians and non-academic general practitioners in Croatia were surveyed on their knowledge about two Croatian medical journals: LijeÄniÄki vjesnik (published in Croatian) and Croatian Medical Journal (published in English). The physicians were also surveyed about the importance of all national and international journals published in Croatia, and the types of articles they thought should be published in these journals. More respondents rated national (n = 329, 72.6%) than international journals (n = 275, 63.5%, P < 0.001, Wilcoxon test) as very important for the medical profession. On the other hand, publishing in international journals was more often rated as important than publishing in national journals (n = 184, 42.5% vs. n = 125, 27.8%; P < 0.001, Wilcoxon test). Guidelines for clinical practice were rated as the most important publication item in national journals, and original scientific articles in international journals
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Exploring students' understanding of how blogs and blogging can support distance learning in Higher Education
We focus on exploring students' understanding of how blogs and blogging can support distance learning in Higher Education. We report on the findings from a survey of 795 distance learners at the UK Open University, and interviews with course designers whose courses utilise blogs. Despite enthusiasm from educators, the survey revealed that students are not enthusiastic about the potential for blogging activities to be built into their courses. Analysis of students' open-ended comments revealed that some students have positive expectations about blogging facilitating the sharing of material and ideas, for example, whilst the majority expressed concerns about subjectivity. We also discuss some empirically derived guidelines that we have generated that will enable educators to provide the appropriate scaffolds so that students can appropriate blogging tools for their own individual learning needs
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