818 research outputs found
Greedy based proactive spectrum handoff scheme for cognitive radio systems
The aeronautical spectrum becomes increasingly congested due to raising number of non-stationary users, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). With the growing demand to spectrum capacity, cognitive radio technology is a promising solution to maximize the utilization of spectrum by enabling communication of secondary users (SUs) without interfering with primary users (PUs). In this paper we formulate and solve a multi-parametric objective function for proactive handoff scheme in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system constrained by QoS requirements. To improve the efficiency of handoff scheme for multiple communicating UAVs the greedy strategy is adopted. An innovative aspect of our solution includes consideration of quality of service (QoS) components, e.g. opportunistic service time, channel quality, etc. Some of these components, for example collision probability and false alarm probability, affect QoS in a negative way and are considered as constraints. Simulation of handoff scheme has been performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm in selecting multiple channels when the spectrum environment changes. The performance of handoff scheme is compared with random selection method and is found outperforming the random selection method in terms of averaged utilization ratio. Analysis of results has shown that the spectrum utilization ratio can be doubled by considering wider bandwidth (more channels) and by making QoS requirements less strict. In both cases this leads to near-linear increase in time consumption for handoff scheme generation
Spectral Efficiency Enhancement using Hybrid Pre-Coder Based Spectrum Handover Mechanism
Recently, the use of Millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) has immensely enhanced in various communication applications due to massive technological developments in wireless communications. Furthermore, mm-Wave consists of high bandwidth spectrum which can handle large demands of data transmission and internet services. However, high interference is observed in previous researches at the time of spectrum handover from secondary (unlicensed) users to primary (licensed) users. Thus, interference reduction by achieving high spectral efficiency and easy spectrum handoff process with minimum delay is an important research area. Therefore, a Hybrid Pre-coder Design based Spectrum Handoff (HPDSH) Algorithm is proposed in this article to increase spectrum efficiency in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) and to access large bandwidth spectrum of mm-Wave system to meet the high data rate demands of current cellular networks. Moreover, a HPDSH Algorithm is presented to enhance spectral efficiency and this algorithm is utilized to take handover decisions and select backup channels. Here, different scenarios and parameters are considered to evaluate performance efficiency of proposed HPDSH Algorithm in terms of spectral efficiency and Signal to Noise (SNR) ratio. The proposed HPDSH Algorithm is compared against varied traditional spectrum handoff methods. Moreover, it is clearly evident from performance results that the proposed HPDSH Algorithm performs better than the other spectrum handoff method
Multiband Spectrum Access: Great Promises for Future Cognitive Radio Networks
Cognitive radio has been widely considered as one of the prominent solutions
to tackle the spectrum scarcity. While the majority of existing research has
focused on single-band cognitive radio, multiband cognitive radio represents
great promises towards implementing efficient cognitive networks compared to
single-based networks. Multiband cognitive radio networks (MB-CRNs) are
expected to significantly enhance the network's throughput and provide better
channel maintenance by reducing handoff frequency. Nevertheless, the wideband
front-end and the multiband spectrum access impose a number of challenges yet
to overcome. This paper provides an in-depth analysis on the recent
advancements in multiband spectrum sensing techniques, their limitations, and
possible future directions to improve them. We study cooperative communications
for MB-CRNs to tackle a fundamental limit on diversity and sampling. We also
investigate several limits and tradeoffs of various design parameters for
MB-CRNs. In addition, we explore the key MB-CRNs performance metrics that
differ from the conventional metrics used for single-band based networks.Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures; published in the Proceedings of the IEEE
Journal, Special Issue on Future Radio Spectrum Access, March 201
Mobile Networks
The growth in the use of mobile networks has come mainly with the third generation systems and voice traffic. With the current third generation and the arrival of the 4G, the number of mobile users in the world will exceed the number of landlines users. Audio and video streaming have had a significant increase, parallel to the requirements of bandwidth and quality of service demanded by those applications. Mobile networks require that the applications and protocols that have worked successfully in fixed networks can be used with the same level of quality in mobile scenarios. Until the third generation of mobile networks, the need to ensure reliable handovers was still an important issue. On the eve of a new generation of access networks (4G) and increased connectivity between networks of different characteristics commonly called hybrid (satellite, ad-hoc, sensors, wired, WIMAX, LAN, etc.), it is necessary to transfer mechanisms of mobility to future generations of networks. In order to achieve this, it is essential to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of current protocols and the diverse topologies to suit the new mobility conditions
A Vision and Framework for the High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS) Networks of the Future
A High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS) is a network node that operates in
the stratosphere at an of altitude around 20 km and is instrumental for
providing communication services. Precipitated by technological innovations in
the areas of autonomous avionics, array antennas, solar panel efficiency
levels, and battery energy densities, and fueled by flourishing industry
ecosystems, the HAPS has emerged as an indispensable component of
next-generations of wireless networks. In this article, we provide a vision and
framework for the HAPS networks of the future supported by a comprehensive and
state-of-the-art literature review. We highlight the unrealized potential of
HAPS systems and elaborate on their unique ability to serve metropolitan areas.
The latest advancements and promising technologies in the HAPS energy and
payload systems are discussed. The integration of the emerging Reconfigurable
Smart Surface (RSS) technology in the communications payload of HAPS systems
for providing a cost-effective deployment is proposed. A detailed overview of
the radio resource management in HAPS systems is presented along with
synergistic physical layer techniques, including Faster-Than-Nyquist (FTN)
signaling. Numerous aspects of handoff management in HAPS systems are
described. The notable contributions of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in HAPS,
including machine learning in the design, topology management, handoff, and
resource allocation aspects are emphasized. The extensive overview of the
literature we provide is crucial for substantiating our vision that depicts the
expected deployment opportunities and challenges in the next 10 years
(next-generation networks), as well as in the subsequent 10 years
(next-next-generation networks).Comment: To appear in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorial
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