Distributing intelligence in the wireless control of a mobile robot using a personal digital assistant

Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) have recently become a popular component in mobile robots. This compact processing device with its touch screen, variety of built-in features, wireless technologies and affordability can perform various roles within a robotic system. Applications include low-cost prototype development, rapid prototyping, low-cost humanoid robots, robot control, robot vision systems, algorithm development, human-robot interaction, mobile user interfaces as well as wireless robot communication schemes. Limits on processing power, memory, battery life and screen size impact the usefulness of a PDA in some applications. In addition various implementation strategies exist, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. No comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the different strategies and resulting architectures exist. This makes it difficult for designers to decide on the best use of a PDA within their mobile robot system. This dissertation examines and compares the available mobile robot architectures. A thorough literature study identifies robot projects using a PDA and examines how the designs incorporate a PDA and what purpose it fulfils within the system it forms part of. The dissertation categorises the architectures according to the role of the PDA within the robot system. The hypothesis is made that using a distributed control system architecture makes optimal use of the rich feature set gained from including a PDA in a robot system’s design and simultaneously overcomes the device’s inherent shortcomings. This architecture is developed into a novel distributed intelligence framework that is supported by a hybrid communications architecture, using two wireless connection schemes. A prototype implementation illustrates the framework and communications architecture in action. Various performance measurements are taken in a test scenario for an office robot. The results indicate that the proposed framework does deliver performance gains and is a viable alternative for future projects in this area

A Sketch Interface for Mobile Robots ∗

Abstract – In human-to-human communication, a handdrawn route map is often sketched to show a desired navigation path. In this paper, we describe a PDA sketching interface that can be used to direct a mobile robot along a specified path. Because sketched route maps are not drawn precisely or necessarily to scale, we do not attempt to analyze precise path information, but rather qualitative route information is extracted. The paper focuses on the front-end sketch understanding and includes a description of the interactive features, such as deleting, moving, and labeling landmarks. Results of a user evaluation are also presented, in which participants report that the sketching interface was as easy as using pencil and paper by a 2:1 margin