308 research outputs found
Neuro-memristive Circuits for Edge Computing: A review
The volume, veracity, variability, and velocity of data produced from the
ever-increasing network of sensors connected to Internet pose challenges for
power management, scalability, and sustainability of cloud computing
infrastructure. Increasing the data processing capability of edge computing
devices at lower power requirements can reduce several overheads for cloud
computing solutions. This paper provides the review of neuromorphic
CMOS-memristive architectures that can be integrated into edge computing
devices. We discuss why the neuromorphic architectures are useful for edge
devices and show the advantages, drawbacks and open problems in the field of
neuro-memristive circuits for edge computing
A walk on the frontier of energy electronics with power ultra-wide bandgap oxides and ultra-thin neuromorphic 2D materials
Altres ajuts: the ICN2 is funded also by the CERCA programme / Generalitat de CatalunyaUltra-wide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors and ultra-thin two-dimensional materials (2D) are at the very frontier of the electronics for energy management or energy electronics. A new generation of UWBG semiconductors will open new territories for higher power rated power electronics and deeper ultraviolet optoelectronics. Gallium oxide - GaO(4.5-4.9 eV), has recently emerged as a suitable platform for extending the limits which are set by conventional (-3 eV) WBG e.g. SiC and GaN and transparent conductive oxides (TCO) e.g. In2O3, ZnO, SnO2. Besides, GaO, the first efficient oxide semiconductor for energy electronics, is opening the door to many more semiconductor oxides (indeed, the largest family of UWBGs) to be investigated. Among these new power electronic materials, ZnGa2O4 (-5 eV) enables bipolar energy electronics, based on a spinel chemistry, for the first time. In the lower power rating end, power consumption also is also a main issue for modern computers and supercomputers. With the predicted end of the Moores law, the memory wall and the heat wall, new electronics materials and new computing paradigms are required to balance the big data (information) and energy requirements, just as the human brain does. Atomically thin 2D-materials, and the rich associated material systems (e.g. graphene (metal), MoS2 (semiconductor) and h-BN (insulator)), have also attracted a lot of attention recently for beyond-silicon neuromorphic computing with record ultra-low power consumption. Thus, energy nanoelectronics based on UWBG and 2D materials are simultaneously extending the current frontiers of electronics and addressing the issue of electricity consumption, a central theme in the actions against climate chang
Neuromorphic event-based slip detection and suppression in robotic grasping and manipulation
Slip detection is essential for robots to make robust grasping and fine
manipulation. In this paper, a novel dynamic vision-based finger system for
slip detection and suppression is proposed. We also present a baseline and
feature based approach to detect object slips under illumination and vibration
uncertainty. A threshold method is devised to autonomously sample noise in
real-time to improve slip detection. Moreover, a fuzzy based suppression
strategy using incipient slip feedback is proposed for regulating the grip
force. A comprehensive experimental study of our proposed approaches under
uncertainty and system for high-performance precision manipulation are
presented. We also propose a slip metric to evaluate such performance
quantitatively. Results indicate that the system can effectively detect
incipient slip events at a sampling rate of 2kHz () and
suppress them before a gross slip occurs. The event-based approach holds
promises to high precision manipulation task requirement in industrial
manufacturing and household services.Comment: 18 pages, 14 figure
Machine Learning-Aided Operations and Communications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Contemporary Survey
The ongoing amalgamation of UAV and ML techniques is creating a significant
synergy and empowering UAVs with unprecedented intelligence and autonomy. This
survey aims to provide a timely and comprehensive overview of ML techniques
used in UAV operations and communications and identify the potential growth
areas and research gaps. We emphasise the four key components of UAV operations
and communications to which ML can significantly contribute, namely, perception
and feature extraction, feature interpretation and regeneration, trajectory and
mission planning, and aerodynamic control and operation. We classify the latest
popular ML tools based on their applications to the four components and conduct
gap analyses. This survey also takes a step forward by pointing out significant
challenges in the upcoming realm of ML-aided automated UAV operations and
communications. It is revealed that different ML techniques dominate the
applications to the four key modules of UAV operations and communications.
While there is an increasing trend of cross-module designs, little effort has
been devoted to an end-to-end ML framework, from perception and feature
extraction to aerodynamic control and operation. It is also unveiled that the
reliability and trust of ML in UAV operations and applications require
significant attention before full automation of UAVs and potential cooperation
between UAVs and humans come to fruition.Comment: 36 pages, 304 references, 19 Figure
Harnessing the Potential of Optical Communications for the Metaverse
The Metaverse is a digital world that offers an immersive virtual experience.
However, the Metaverse applications are bandwidth-hungry and delay-sensitive
that require ultrahigh data rates, ultra-low latency, and hyper-intensive
computation. To cater for these requirements, optical communication arises as a
key pillar in bringing this paradigm into reality. We highlight in this paper
the potential of optical communications in the Metaverse. First, we set forth
Metaverse requirements in terms of capacity and latency; then, we introduce
ultra-high data rates requirements for various Metaverse experiences. Then, we
put forward the potential of optical communications to achieve these data rate
requirements in backbone, backhaul, fronthaul, and access segments. Both
optical fiber and optical wireless communication (OWC) technologies, as well as
their current and future expected data rates, are detailed. In addition, we
propose a comprehensive set of configurations, connectivity, and equipment
necessary for an immersive Metaverse experience. Finally, we identify a set of
key enablers and research directions such as analog neuromorphic optical
computing, optical intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS), hollow core fiber
(HCF), and terahertz (THz)
Intelligent Computing: The Latest Advances, Challenges and Future
Computing is a critical driving force in the development of human
civilization. In recent years, we have witnessed the emergence of intelligent
computing, a new computing paradigm that is reshaping traditional computing and
promoting digital revolution in the era of big data, artificial intelligence
and internet-of-things with new computing theories, architectures, methods,
systems, and applications. Intelligent computing has greatly broadened the
scope of computing, extending it from traditional computing on data to
increasingly diverse computing paradigms such as perceptual intelligence,
cognitive intelligence, autonomous intelligence, and human-computer fusion
intelligence. Intelligence and computing have undergone paths of different
evolution and development for a long time but have become increasingly
intertwined in recent years: intelligent computing is not only
intelligence-oriented but also intelligence-driven. Such cross-fertilization
has prompted the emergence and rapid advancement of intelligent computing.
Intelligent computing is still in its infancy and an abundance of innovations
in the theories, systems, and applications of intelligent computing are
expected to occur soon. We present the first comprehensive survey of literature
on intelligent computing, covering its theory fundamentals, the technological
fusion of intelligence and computing, important applications, challenges, and
future perspectives. We believe that this survey is highly timely and will
provide a comprehensive reference and cast valuable insights into intelligent
computing for academic and industrial researchers and practitioners
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