12 research outputs found
Erosive effect of industrialized fruit juices exposure in enamel and dentine substrates : an in vitro study
Erosive tooth wear has been a highly prevalent and emerging phenomenon related to eating habits of the population. Aim: This study sought to investigate industrialized fruit juices exposure in enamel and dentine substrates in terms of erosive effect. H
Design of a randomized controlled double-blind crossover clinical trial to assess the effects of saliva substitutes on bovine enamel and dentin in situ
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Hyposalivation is caused by various syndromes, diabetes, drugs, inflammation, infection, or radiotherapy of the salivary glands. Patients with hyposalivation often show an increased caries incidence. Moreover, hyposalivation is frequently accompanied by oral discomfort and impaired oral functions, and saliva substitutes are widely used to alleviate oral symptoms. However, preference of saliva substitutes due to taste, handling, and relief of oral symptoms has been discussed controversially. Some of the marketed products have shown demineralizing effects on dental hard tissues <it>in vitro</it>. This demineralizing potential is attributed to the undersaturation with respect to calcium phosphates. Therefore, it is important to modify the mineralizing potential of saliva substitutes to prevent carious lesions. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a possible remineralizing saliva substitute (SN; modified Saliva natura) compared to a demineralizing one (G; Glandosane) on mineral parameters of sound bovine dentin and enamel as well as on artificially demineralized enamel specimens <it>in situ</it>. Moreover, oral well-being after use of each saliva substitute was recorded.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>Using a randomized, double-blind, crossover, phase II/III <it>in situ </it>trial, volunteers with hyposalivation utilize removable dentures containing bovine specimens during the experimental period. The volunteers are divided into two groups, and are required to apply both saliva substitutes for seven weeks each. After both test periods, differences in mineral loss and lesion depth between values before and after exposure are evaluated based on microradiographs. The oral well-being of the volunteers before and after therapy is determined using questionnaires. With respect to the microradiographic analysis, equal mineral losses and lesion depths of enamel and dentin specimens during treatment with SN and G, and no differences in patients' experienced oral comfort after SN compared to G usage are expected (H<sub>0</sub>).</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Up to now, 14 patients have been included in the study, and no reasons for early termination of the trial have been identified. The design seems suitable for determining the effects of saliva substitutes on dental hard tissues <it>in situ</it>, and should provide detailed information on the oral well-being after use of different saliva substitutes in patients with hyposalivation.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p><b>ClinicalTrials.gov ID. </b><a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01165970">NCT01165970</a></p
in vitro effects on enamel subsurface lesions
Die Hyposalivation ist oftmals assoziiert mit einer hohen Kariesaktivität,
insbesondere bei Patienten, die im Kopf-Hals-Bereich bestrahlt werden. Neben
dem Gebrauch von Speichelersatzmitteln zur Verbesserung der Symptome ist die
tägliche Anwendung von Fluoridgel oder -zahnpasta (5000 µg F-/g) zur
Kariesprävention zu empfehlen. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, potenziell
remineralisierende Effekte dieser Fluoridprodukte in Kombination mit
de-/remineralisierenden Speichelersatzmitteln auf Schmelzläsionen zu
untersuchen. Demineralisierte bovine Proben wurden in Mineralwasser
[Kontrolle, W; Oktakalziumphosphatsättigung (SOKP): 0,8], einem
demineralisierenden Speichelersatzmittel [Glandosane, G; SOKP: 0,3] oder in
einem modifizierten (bezĂĽglich SOKP) Speichelersatzmittel [Saliva natura, SN;
SOKP: 1,9] für fünf Wochen gelagert (37°C). Die folgende Behandlung wurde
zweimal täglich durchgeführt (n = 11 - 13/Gruppe): keine Behandlung (0),
ProSchmelz Fluorid Gel (PS; Applikation fĂĽr 10 min), Duraphat Zahnpasta (D; 10
sek putzen mit Zahnpasta/Lagerungslösungsslurry), Kombination von D+PS.
Mineralverlustveränderungen aufgrund der Lagerung wurden mittels
Mikroradiografie ausgewertet. Die Lagerung in G fĂĽhrte zu einer signifikanten
Demineralisation (p < 0,05; gepaarter t-Test), wohingegen die zusätzliche
Anwendung der Fluoridprodukte die demineralisierenden Effekte neutralisierte
(p > 0,05). Die alleinige Lagerung in W ergab keine Veränderungen der
Mineralwerte (p > 0,05), wohingegen in Kombination mit Fluoriden eine
Remineralisation eintrat (p < 0,05). FĂĽr die alleinige Verwendung von SN
konnte eine Remineralisation beobachtet werden (p < 0,05), aber die
Fluoridprodukte konnten die Remineralisation nicht zusätzlich fördern. Unter
den gegebenen Studienbedingungen reduzieren die Fluoridprodukte die
Demineralisation von Glandosane und fördern die Remineralisation der in Wasser
gelagerten Proben. Remineralisierende Effekte von Saliva natura konnten nicht
durch die Fluoride gesteigert werden.Hyposalivation is often associated with high caries activity in particular in
patients undergoing irradiation in the head/neck area. Besides the use of
saliva substitutes to relieve the oral symptoms, daily application of fluoride
gels or toothpaste (5000 µg F-/g) is recommended for caries prevention. The
aim of this study was to evaluate potentially remineralising effects of these
fluoride agents in combination with saliva substitutes on enamel subsurface
lesions. Demineralised bovine specimens were either stored in mineral water
[control, W; saturation with respect to octacalcium phosphate (SOCP): 0.8], a
demineralising saliva substitute [Glandosane (G); SOCP: 0.3], or in a modified
(with respect to SOCP) saliva substitute [Saliva natura (SN); SOCP: 1.9] for
five weeks (37 °C). The following treatments were applied twice daily
(11-13/group): no treatment (0), ProSchmelz fluoride gel (PS; 10 min
application), Duraphat toothpaste (D; 10 s; brushing with toothpaste/storage
solution slurry), combination of D+PS. Mineral parameters before/after storage
were evaluated from microradiographs. Storage in G led to significant
demineralisation (p < 0.05; paired t test), whereas additional use of the
fluoride agents neutralised the demineralising effect (p > 0.05). Storage in W
alone resulted in no changes in mineral parameters (p > 0.05), whereas in
combination with fluorides remineralisation could be shown (p < 0.05). For SN
alone, remineralisation was observed (p < 0.05), but no additional beneficial
effects of fluorides were detected. Under the conditions chosen the fluoride
agents reduce the demineralising effects of Glandosane and promote the
remineralisation of specimens stored in water. Remineralising effects of
Saliva natura could not be enhanced by the fluorides
Effect of fluoride gel and mouthrinses in combination with saliva substitutes on demineralised bovine enamel in vitro
Problemstellung: Patienten, die an Hyposalivation leiden, werden ĂĽblicherweise
durch die Verabreichung von Speichelersatzmittel behandelt, um die Beschwerden
zu lindern. Einige Speichelersatzmittel weisen ein demineralisierendes
Potential auf die Zahnhartsubstanz auf. Diesem Effekt könnte durch die
regelmäßige Applikation von fluoridhaltigen Mundspüllösungen oder Gelen
entgegengewirkt werden. Zielsetzung: Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Auswirkung
unterschiedlicher Speichelersatzmittel in Kombination mit Fluoridpräparaten
auf den Mineralgehalt und die Läsionstiefe von demineralisiertem, bovinen
Schmelz zu untersuchen. Material und Methode: Demineralisierte bovine Proben
lagerten für fünf Wochen bei 37 °C in Mineralwasser [W (Kontrolle), (Sättigung
bezĂĽglich Oktakalzi-umphosphat; SOKP: 0,3; pH 7,0)], in einem experimentellen
CMC-basierten Spei-chelersatzmittel (C, SOCP: 0,3; pH 6,3) oder in
modifiziertem Saliva natura® (SN, SOKP: 1,7; pH 5,85). Folgende Behandlungen
erfolgten zweimal täglich für zehn Mi-nuten: 1: keine Behandlung, 2: Meridol®
Mundspüllösung, 3: elmex sensitive® Mundspüllösung, 4: elmex gelée®, 5:
ProSchmelz Fluoridgel®. Die anschießend an-gefertigten Dünnschliffe wurden
mikrografisch hinsichtlich der Veränderung des Mi-neralverlusts (ΔΔZ) und der
Läsionstiefe (ΔLT) untersucht. Ergebnisse: Schmelzproben, die in C gelagert
wurden, zeigten einen signifikant höheren Mineralverlust im Vergleich zur
Lagerung in W und SN (p<0,05; ANOVA). In der Gruppe C ergab die zusätzliche
Fluoridierung eine geringere Demineralisiation (p<0,05) als die
ausschließliche Lagerung in C. SN in Kombination mit ProSchmelz® führte zu
signifikant höheren ΔΔZ-Werten im Vergleich zu allen anderen Gruppen (p<0,05).
Schlussfolgerung: Die Anwendung fluoridierter Mundspüllösungen oder Gele
reduzierte die nachteiligen Effekte demineralisierend wirkender
Speichelersatz-mittel. Unter den in dieser Studie gewählten Bedingungen zeigte
die Behandlung der Proben mit ProSchmelz® in Kombination mit der Lagerung in
einem OKP-gesättigten Speichelersatzmittel das höchste remineralisierende
Potential.State of Problem: Patients suffering from hyposalivation are usally treated by
the administration of saliva substitutes to alleviate oral complaints. Some
saliva substitutes show a demineralising potential on dental hard tissue. This
effect might be counteracted by the application of fluoridated gels or
mouthwash solutions. Objectives: Therefore, the objective of this study was to
evaluate the effects of various saliva substitutes on the mineral content and
the lesion depth of demineral-ized bovine enamel. Materials and methods:
Demineralized specimens were either stored in mineral water [W, (control), pH
7,0], experimental CMC-based saliva substitute (saturation with respect to
octcacalciumphosphate; SOCP: 0,3; pH 6,3) or in a modified saliva substitute
(SN; SOCP: 1,7; pH 5,85) for five weeks at 37 °C. After two weeks half of the
exposed surfaces were nail varnished. The following treatments were applied
twice daily for ten minutes each time: 1: no treatment, 2: Meridol®
mouthrinse, 3: elmex sensitive® mouthrinse, 4: elmex gelée®, 5: ProSchmelz
fluoride gelée®. Dif-ferences in mineral loss (ΔΔZ) and lesion depth (ΔLD)
before and after storage were evaluated from microradiographs. Results:
Specimens stored in C saliva showed significantly higher mineral loss compared
to W and SN (p<0,05; ANOVA, Bonferroni). For C additional use of fluoride
resulted in less demineralisation (p<0,05) compared to C alone. SN in
combination with ProSchmelz® led to significantly higher remineralisation
compared to all other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Treatment with
ProSchmelz® in combination with storage in a saliva substitute supersaturated
with respect to OCP yield to the most pronounced remineralisation under the
conditions chosen