Burst contention avoidance schemes in hybrid GMPLS-enabled OBS/OCS optical networks

Hybrid optical network architectures, combining benefits of optical circuit and burst switching technologies, become a natural evolution to improve overall network performance while reducing related costs. This paper concentrates on preventive contention avoidance schemes to decrease burst loss probability at the OBS layer of such hybrid network scenarios. Into operation, the proposed solution locally reacts to highly loaded downstream node situations by preventively deflecting bursts through a less loaded neighbor. Two different approaches for disseminating adjacent nodes state information are presented and extensively evaluated. In the first approach, current node state information is propagated downstream in the burst control packet, keeping pace with OBS traffic dynamics. The second approach targets at lower control overhead. In this case, averaged node state statistics are included in the Hello messages of the GMPLS Link Management Protocol (LMP) protocol, which are exchanged between neighboring nodes over the OCS control layer every 150 ms. The obtained results validate the applicability of both approaches. Moreover, they indicate that, depending on the mean burst size, either one or the other approach is favorable.Postprint (published version

Quality of Service Aware Call Admission Control in Cell Based Multi-Service Photonic Network

The article tackles the problem of quality of service assurance in photonic networks. The idea of multi-service photonic network model with the coexistence of optical circuit and packet switching mechanisms and cell communication is used as a basis for service differentiation in the optical domain. Cell loss ratio as a key performance indicator determines the required optical switching mechanism. Service provisioning is performed using call admission control mechanism with real-time cell loss ratio estimation procedure. Service blocking probability calculation utilizes discrete event simulation of service provision and teardown requests applied to core network topology from COST 266 project. Three simulation scenarios are included in the analysis – pure optical packet switching network, and coexistence of optical packet and circuit switching with and without possibility of communication redirection between the switching mechanisms. Simulation scenarios are additionally altered with the cell loss ratio constraint and number of delay lines

Quality of Service Aware Call Admission Control in Cell Based Multi-Service Photonic Network

The article tackles the problem of quality of service assurance in photonic networks. The idea of multi-servicephotonic network model with the coexistence of optical circuit and packet switching mechanisms and cell communication is used as a basis for service differentiation in the optical domain. Cell loss ratio as a key performance indicator determines the required optical switching mechanism. Service provisioning is performed using call admission control mechanism with real-time cell loss ratio estimation procedure. Service blocking probability calculation utilizes discrete event simulation of service provision and teardown requests applied to core network topology from COST 266 project. Three simulation scenarios are included in the analysis – pure optical packet switching network, and coexistence of optical packet and circuit switching with and without possibility of communication redirection between the switching mechanisms. Simulation scenarios are additionally altered with the cell loss ratio constraint and number of delay lines

Wireless Communication in Data Centers: A Survey

Data centers (DCs) is becoming increasingly an integral part of the computing infrastructures of most enterprises. Therefore, the concept of DC networks (DCNs) is receiving an increased attention in the network research community. Most DCNs deployed today can be classified as wired DCNs as copper and optical fiber cables are used for intra- and inter-rack connections in the network. Despite recent advances, wired DCNs face two inevitable problems; cabling complexity and hotspots. To address these problems, recent research works suggest the incorporation of wireless communication technology into DCNs. Wireless links can be used to either augment conventional wired DCNs, or to realize a pure wireless DCN. As the design spectrum of DCs broadens, so does the need for a clear classification to differentiate various design options. In this paper, we analyze the free space optical (FSO) communication and the 60 GHz radio frequency (RF), the two key candidate technologies for implementing wireless links in DCNs. We present a generic classification scheme that can be used to classify current and future DCNs based on the communication technology used in the network. The proposed classification is then used to review and summarize major research in this area. We also discuss open questions and future research directions in the area of wireless DCs

ISOGA: Integrated Services Optical Grid Architecture for Emerging E-Science Collaborative Applications

This final report describes the accomplishments in the ISOGA (Integrated Services Optical Grid Architecture) project. ISOGA enables efficient deployment of existing and emerging collaborative grid applications with increasingly diverse multimedia communication requirements over a wide-area multi-domain optical network grid; and enables collaborative scientists with fast retrieval and seamless browsing of distributed scientific multimedia datasets over a wide-area optical network grid. The project focuses on research and development in the following areas: the polymorphic optical network control planes to enable multiple switching and communication services simultaneously; the intelligent optical grid user-network interface to enable user-centric network control and monitoring; and the seamless optical grid dataset browsing interface to enable fast retrieval of local/remote dataset for visualization and manipulation

Towards An Optimal Core Optical Network Using Overflow Channels

This dissertation is based on a traditional circuit switched core WDM network that is supplemented by a pool of wavelengths that carry optical burst switched overflow data. These overflow channels function to absorb channel overflows from traditional circuit switched networks and they also provide wavelengths for newer, high bandwidth applications. The channel overflows that appear at the overflow layer as optical bursts are either carried over a permanently configured, primary light path, or over a burst-switched, best-effort path while traversing the core network. At every successive hop along the best effort path, the optical bursts will attempt to enter a primary light path to its destination. Thus, each node in the network is a Hybrid Node that will provide entry for optical bursts to hybrid path that is made of a point to point, pre-provisioned light path or a burst switched path. The dissertation's main outcome is to determine the cost optimality of a Hybrid Route, to analyze cost-effectiveness of a Hybrid Node and compare it to a route and a node performing non-hybrid operation, respectively. Finally, an example network that consists of several Hybrid Routes and Hybrid Nodes is analyzed for its cost-effectiveness. Cost-effectiveness and optimality of a Hybrid Route is tested for its dependency on the mean and variance of channel demands offered to the route, the number of sources sharing the route, and the relative cost of a primary and overflow path called path cost ratio. An optimality condition that relates the effect of traffic statistics to the path cost ratio is analytically derived and tested. Cost-effectiveness of a Hybrid Node is compared among different switching fabric architecture that is used to construct the Hybrid Node. Broadcast-Select, Benes and Clos architectures are each considered with different degrees of chip integration. An example Hybrid Network that consists of several Hybrid Routes and Hybrid Nodes is found to be cost-effective and dependent of the ratio of switching to transport costs

Classificador de tráfego e selecionador de paradigma de comutação para redes ópticas híbridas

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2014.Este trabalho propõe um mecanismo de classificação de tráfego e seleção de paradigma de comutação óptica para redes ópticas híbridas, isto é, redes ópticas suportando mais de um dos paradigmas de comutação dentre comutação óptica por circuitos (OCS), comutação óptica por pacotes (OPS) ou comutação óptica por rajadas (OBS). O classificador de tráfego e selecionador de paradigma de comutação óptica proposto é baseado em lógica Fuzzy (Fuzzy logic) e atua nos nós de entrada de uma rede óptica híbrida, verificando os parâmetros estatísticos do tráfego de entrada e selecionando o paradigma de comutação óptica mais adequado para cada tráfego. O trabalho inclui uma modelagem de diferentes tipos de tráfego, a concepção e implementação do classificador/selecionador baseado em lógica Fuzzy e estudos para fins de prova de conceito, baseados em simulações com tráfegos conhecidos na literatura. Inclui também um estudo onde o classificador de tráfego e selecionador de paradigmas de comutação óptica proposto, agregado a uma ferramenta de simulação, permitindo avaliar o desempenho de redes ópticas híbridas em termos de economia de recursos. Os resultados deste trabalho mostram que, observando-se as características estatísticas do tráfego de entrada é possível selecionar o melhor paradigma de comutação óptica para cada tipo de tráfego. Permitem também verificar que uma rede óptica híbrida, quando submetida a um tráfego não uniforme usa os recursos da rede de forma mais eficiente quando comparada a redes baseadas em um único paradigma de comutação óptica. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a mechanism for traffic classification and selection of optical switching paradigm for hybrid optical networks, i.e., optical networks supporting more than one of the paradigms of switching among optical circuit switching (OCS), optical packet switching (OPS) or optical burst switching (OBS). The classifier and traffic selector of optical switching paradigm is proposed based on fuzzy logic and works on the input nodes of a hybrid optical network, verifying the statistical parameters of the incoming traffic and selecting the paradigm most suitable for optical switching for the incoming traffic. The work includes modeling of different types of traffic, the design and implementation of the classifier/selector based on fuzzy logic and studies for the purpose of proof of concept, based on simulations with traffic known in the literature. Also includes a study where the classifier and traffic selector of optical switching paradigms is added to a simulation tool, allows evaluating the performance of hybrid optical networks in terms of resource savings. The results of this study show that, by observing the statistical characteristics of incoming traffic is possible to select the best paradigm for optical switching for each type of traffic. They also check that a hybrid optical network when subjected to non-uniform traffic uses resources more efficiently when compared to network based on a single paradigm switching optical networks selector