Mobi_system : a personal travel assistance for electrical vehicles in smart cities

In this work it is proposed the design of a mobile system to assist car drivers in a smart city environment oriented to the upcoming reality of Electric Vehicles (EV). Taking into account the new reality of smart cites, EV introduction, Smart Grids (SG), Electrical Markets (EM), with deregulation of electricity production and use, drivers will need more information for decision and mobility purposes. A mobile application to recommend useful related information will help drivers to deal with this new reality, giving guidance towards traffic, batteries charging process, and city mobility infrastructures (e.g. public transportation information, parking places availability and car & bike sharing systems). Since this is an upcoming reality with possible process changes, development must be based on agile process approaches (Web services).Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)MIT-Portugal Progra

Better Pricing Strategies for ATM?

Objectives of this paper are: briefly examine solutions applied in other network industries and based on that, set the policy and pricing context for development of market-based mechanisms for strategic air traffic re-distribution to avoid congestion, which is a main goal of SATURN project. Further, focus on current and possible future ATM pricing policy goals, by summarising current practice in Europe and introducing two possible future scenarios developed within the project. The implementation plan is outlined, discussing both the modelling challenges and the parallel consultation and validation processes. We conclude with a short look ahead

Control Analysis for Grid Tied Battery Energy Storage System for SOC and SOH Management

Frequency regulation is an important part of grid ancillary services in the UK power system to mitigate the impacts of variable energy resources and uncertainty of load on system frequency. The National Grid Electricity Transmission (NGET), the primary electricity transmission network operator in the UK, is introduced various frequency response services such as firm frequency response (FFR) and the new fast enhanced frequency response (EFR), which are designed to provide real-time response to deviations in the grid frequency. Flexible and fast response capabilities of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) make them an ideal choice to provide grid frequency regulation. This thesis presents control algorithms for a BESS to deliver a charge/discharge power output in response to deviations in the grid frequency with respect to the requisite service specifications, while managing the state-of-charge (SOC) of the BESS to optimize the availability of the system. Furthermore, this thesis investigates using the BESS in order to maximize triad avoidance benefit revenues while layering UK grid frequency response services. Using historical UK electricity prices, a balancing service scheduling approach is introduced to maximize energy arbitrage revenue by layering different types of grid balancing services, including EFR and FFR, throughout the day. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm delivers both dynamic and non-dynamic FFR and also EFR to NGET required service specifications while generating arbitrage revenue as well as service availability payments in the balancing market. In this thesis, a new fast cycle counting method (CCM) considering the effect of current rate (C-rate), SOC and depth-of-discharge (DOD) on battery lifetime for grid-tied BESS is presented. The methodology provides an approximation for the number of battery charge-discharge cycles based on historical microcyling SOC data typical of BESS frequency regulation operation. The EFR and FFR algorithms are used for analysis. The obtained historical SOC data from the analysis are then considered as an input for evaluating the proposed CCM. Utilizing the Miner Rule’s degradation analysis method, lifetime analysis based on battery cycling is also provided for a lithium-titanate (LTO) and lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide (NMC) battery. The work in this thesis is supported by experimental results from the 2MW/1MWh Willenhall Energy Storage System (WESS) to validate the models and assess the accuracy of the simulation results

Internal report cluster 1: Urban freight innovations and solutions for sustainable deliveries (1/4)

Technical report about sustainable urban freight solutions, part 1 of

\u3ci\u3eThe Conference Proceedings of the 1997 Air Transport Research Group (ATRG) of the WCTR Society Vol. 2, No. 2\u3c/i\u3e

UNOAI Report 97-6https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/facultybooks/1159/thumbnail.jp

\u3ci\u3eThe Conference Proceedings of the 1997 Air Transport Research Group (ATRG) of the WCTR Society Vol. 2, No. 2\u3c/i\u3e

UNOAI Report 97-6https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/facultybooks/1159/thumbnail.jp

Battery SMART charge controller/combined co-gen grid connected inverter design and simulation

Electricity generation and distribution is undergoing significant change under the influences of energy security, climate change, technological development, and economics. Technologies that have introduced two-way power flow onto a distribution grid that was designed for one-way power flow are creating challenges and opportunities for innovation in the electricity distribution sector. These technologies include solar photovoltaics (PV), wind turbines, and battery energy storage systems (BESS). As the newest technology, BESS present opportunities to both the electricity distribution network service provider (DNSP) and the consumer. This dissertation focused primarily on the consumer side of the switchboard, modelling and analysing the economics and some of the technical issues for an economic-mediated battery controller as part of a grid-tied residential hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) that consists of a BESS, 1 kW wind turbine, and 10 kW PV array. The geographical context of this project is Nambour, Queensland; PV and wind power calculations were based on Nambour’s meteorological history. Residential energy consumption was modelled as a ‘typical’ Nambour residential customer. The technological context was such that costs and choices applied at mid-2016. The tariff context used was the recently introduced TOU tariff 12, which played a significant role in the timing and logic development of the battery charge controller algorithm. From a technical standpoint, the charge controller algorithm was a major achievement of the present work. In developing the algorithm, it was found that the use of data from individual system components could be used to formulate the optimum mix of power sourced from or sunk to both the grid and the BESS. The output of this formulation was then demonstrated as a data input used for the control of the switching patterns of the BESS power electronics, a two-quadrant DC-DC converter (chopper). The other major achievement of the current work was the finding that although BESS economics continue to improve, they generally still need to achieve further cost reductions in order to realise economic feasibility for the modelled context. It was also found that economic feasibility is more likely to be reached more quickly under conditions of high energy consumption, high inflation, high peak TOU tariff, and low discount rate

Smart Grid Communications: Overview of Research Challenges, Solutions, and Standardization Activities

Optimization of energy consumption in future intelligent energy networks (or Smart Grids) will be based on grid-integrated near-real-time communications between various grid elements in generation, transmission, distribution and loads. This paper discusses some of the challenges and opportunities of communications research in the areas of smart grid and smart metering. In particular, we focus on some of the key communications challenges for realizing interoperable and future-proof smart grid/metering networks, smart grid security and privacy, and how some of the existing networking technologies can be applied to energy management. Finally, we also discuss the coordinated standardization efforts in Europe to harmonize communications standards and protocols.Comment: To be published in IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorial

You are what you measure! But are we measuring it right? An empiric analysis of energy access metrics based on a multi-tier approach in Bangladesh

Measuring energy access through binary indicators is insufficient, and often, even misleading. In this work, the SE4ALL global tracking framework, and the recently introduced ESMAP multi-tier approach, is critically discussed analyzing questionnaire based primary data from rural Bangladesh. The performance of different energy interventions is evaluated using the new tier framework. The challenges in its application lie in reliable data collection, adequate gradation of indicators, and an effective algorithm for the tier assignment based on the specified set of attributes. The study showcases very high sensitivities to parameter changes, different algorithms, and data requirements. The results reveal a clear trade-off between capturing the multi-dimensionality of energy access and the simplicity of an easy to use global framework. Suggestions to improve the measuring approach are made and conclusions are drawn for possible implications of the tier framework for different energy service offers in the market. Strengths and weaknesses of the present measurement scheme are discussed and country specific results interpreted through targeted gap analysis for future policy advice