6 research outputs found

    A building-transmission model for improved propagation prediction in urban microcells

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    This paper presents a model for the propagation of radiowaves through buildings. The model can be used as a seamless extension to ray-based propagation prediction models that only consider external reflection and diffraction, as do most current models. This involves the use of so-called transmitted rays, which are traced through building walls. Outdoor-to-indoor propagation (building penetration) is automatically taken into account as a "by-product". The transmission model requires no information about each building's interior other than a specific attenuation factor that describes the global behavior of the field inside the building. This coefficient can be determined for individual buildings by measuring the excess loss associated with the propagation path through the building. It is shown, however, that no large errors are to be expected if all buildings are characterized by the average of the empirical values obtained in this study, at 1.9 GHz. Path loss predictions generated with the aid of the new model are shown and compared with measured data to illustrate the considerable improvement in accuracy that can be achieved in realistic urban microcell scenarios by taking into account building penetration and transmission

    AN脕LISIS DE RADIOPROPAGACI脫N CON ANTENAS MICROCELDAS

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    El presente art铆culo describe los resultados obtenidos luego de realizar tres campa帽as de medici贸n en distintos puntos de la ciudad de Bucaramanga (Colombia). Se describen los requerimientos y la metodolog铆a para realizar el proceso de generaci贸n y medici贸n de potencia electromagn茅tica, analizando la propagaci贸n de una onda sinusoidal a una frecuencia espec铆fica atravesando edificaciones, espacio libre y otros obst谩culos. A partir del an谩lisis de los datos obtenidos se realiza el proceso de verificaci贸n y ajuste del modelo semi-determin铆stico de radiopropagaci贸n formulado por Yvo De Jong, el cual es una extensi贸n del modelo de trazado de rayos para 2 dimensiones. Se comparan estas mediciones con la simulaci贸n realizada en un algoritmo computacional escrito en lenguaje de programaci贸n Java sobre el cual se est谩n haciendo los ajustes de la implementaci贸ndel modelo de radio propagaci贸n de De Jong. Para esto, se tienen en cuenta los fen贸menos de refracci贸n, reflexi贸n y difracci贸n en esquinas de edificios. En este algoritmo tambi茅n se introduce el concepto de fuentes virtuales como estrategia para calcular computacionalmente estos fen贸menos de la radio-propagaci贸n. Aunque en el momento se cuenta con un algoritmo que se encuentra en fase de desarrollo, puede observarse que los resultados predichos por el modelo implementado muestran un comportamiento similar a los resultados obtenidos en las campa帽as de medida obteniendo un error rms de 7,4 dB haciendo la salvedad de que s贸lo se toman en cuenta las muestras donde los valores calculados computacionalmente est茅n por encima del piso de ruido registrado por el instrumento de medici贸n, que en este caso son los valores de potencia mayores a -85dBm. En la secci贸n final del presente art铆culo se mencionan algunos comentarios sobre este resultado y lostrabajos que dan continuidad a este estudio con el fin de perfeccionar la implementaci贸n del modelo de radiopropagaci贸n.聽KEYWORDS: Medici贸n del espectro, Microceldas, Potencia electromagn茅tica, Radiopropagaci贸n, Trazado de Rayos.聽ANALYSIS OF RADIOPROPAGATION WITH MICROCELL ANTENNAS聽ANALYTICAL SUMMARYThis paper describes the results after performing measurement campaigns at three different places in the city of Bucaramanga (Colombia). It describes the requirements and methodology to generate an electromagnetic signal and to measure its power density in order to analyze the propagation of a single frequency sine wave through buildings, open space and other obstacles. Then, the verification and adjustment of the semi-deterministic radio propagation model formulated by Yvo De Jong was performed from the analysis of this data, this model is an extension of the ray tracing model for 2 dimensions. These measurements are compared with the simulation performed by a computer algorithm written in Java programming language upon which is being fixed for the implementation of De Jong radiopropagation model. For this purpose, the phenomenon of refraction, reflection and diffraction at corners of buildings have been taken into account. this algorithm also introduces the concept of virtual sources as a strategy to computationally calculate these radio-propagationphenomena. Although we have now an algorithm that is under development, it can be seen that the results predicted by the implemented model show a similar behavior to the measurement campaigns results, obtaining a rms error of 7.4 dB making except that only the samples where the computationally calculated values are above the noise floor recorded by the meter are taken into account, in this case this numbers are the power values greater than-85dBm. At the final section of this article are some conclusions about this result and the next step to enhance implementation of the radio propagation model is commented聽KEYWORDS: Electromagnetic power, Microcell, Radiopropagation, Tracing, Spectrum Measuremen

    AN脕LISIS DE RADIOPROPAGACI脫N CON ANTENAS MICROCELDAS

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    El presente art铆culo describe los resultados obtenidos luego de realizar tres campa帽as de medici贸n en distintos puntos de la ciudad de Bucaramanga (Colombia). Se describen los requerimientos y la metodolog铆a para realizar el proceso de generaci贸n y medici贸n de potencia electromagn茅tica, analizando la propagaci贸n de una onda sinusoidal a una frecuencia espec铆fica atravesando edificaciones, espacio libre y otros obst谩culos. A partir del an谩lisis de los datos obtenidos se realiza el proceso de verificaci贸n y ajuste del modelo semi-determin铆stico de radiopropagaci贸n formulado por Yvo De Jong, el cual es una extensi贸n del modelo de trazado de rayos para 2 dimensiones. Se comparan estas mediciones con la simulaci贸n realizada en un algoritmo computacional escrito en lenguaje de programaci贸n Java sobre el cual se est谩n haciendo los ajustes de la implementaci贸ndel modelo de radio propagaci贸n de De Jong. Para esto, se tienen en cuenta los fen贸menos de refracci贸n, reflexi贸n y difracci贸n en esquinas de edificios. En este algoritmo tambi茅n se introduce el concepto de fuentes virtuales como estrategia para calcular computacionalmente estos fen贸menos de la radio-propagaci贸n. Aunque en el momento se cuenta con un algoritmo que se encuentra en fase de desarrollo, puede observarse que los resultados predichos por el modelo implementado muestran un comportamiento similar a los resultados obtenidos en las campa帽as de medida obteniendo un error rms de 7,4 dB haciendo la salvedad de que s贸lo se toman en cuenta las muestras donde los valores calculados computacionalmente est茅n por encima del piso de ruido registrado por el instrumento de medici贸n, que en este caso son los valores de potencia mayores a -85dBm. En la secci贸n final del presente art铆culo se mencionan algunos comentarios sobre este resultado y lostrabajos que dan continuidad a este estudio con el fin de perfeccionar la implementaci贸n del modelo de radiopropagaci贸n.聽KEYWORDS: Medici贸n del espectro, Microceldas, Potencia electromagn茅tica, Radiopropagaci贸n, Trazado de Rayos.聽ANALYSIS OF RADIOPROPAGATION WITH MICROCELL ANTENNAS聽ANALYTICAL SUMMARYThis paper describes the results after performing measurement campaigns at three different places in the city of Bucaramanga (Colombia). It describes the requirements and methodology to generate an electromagnetic signal and to measure its power density in order to analyze the propagation of a single frequency sine wave through buildings, open space and other obstacles. Then, the verification and adjustment of the semi-deterministic radio propagation model formulated by Yvo De Jong was performed from the analysis of this data, this model is an extension of the ray tracing model for 2 dimensions. These measurements are compared with the simulation performed by a computer algorithm written in Java programming language upon which is being fixed for the implementation of De Jong radiopropagation model. For this purpose, the phenomenon of refraction, reflection and diffraction at corners of buildings have been taken into account. this algorithm also introduces the concept of virtual sources as a strategy to computationally calculate these radio-propagationphenomena. Although we have now an algorithm that is under development, it can be seen that the results predicted by the implemented model show a similar behavior to the measurement campaigns results, obtaining a rms error of 7.4 dB making except that only the samples where the computationally calculated values are above the noise floor recorded by the meter are taken into account, in this case this numbers are the power values greater than-85dBm. At the final section of this article are some conclusions about this result and the next step to enhance implementation of the radio propagation model is commented聽KEYWORDS: Electromagnetic power, Microcell, Radiopropagation, Tracing, Spectrum Measuremen

    A Building-Transmission Model for Improved Propagation Prediction in Urban Microcells

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    This paper presents a model for the propagation of radiowaves through buildings. The model can be used as a seamless extension to ray-based propagation prediction models that only consider external reflection and diffraction, as do most current models. This involves the use of so-called transmitted rays, which are traced through building walls. Outdoor-to-indoor propagation (building penetration) is automatically taken into account as a "by-product." The transmission model requires no information about each building's interior other than a specific attenuation factor that describes the global behavior of the field inside the building. This coefficient can be determined for individual buildings by measuring the excess loss associated with the propagation path through the building. It is shown, however, that no large errors are to be expected if all buildings are characterized by the average of the empirical values obtained in this study, at 1.9 GHz. Path loss predictions generated with the aid of the new model are shown and compared with measured data to illustrate the considerable improvement in accuracy that can be achieved in realistic urban microcell scenarios by taking into account building penetration and transmission

    Wide area radio channel modelling across the indoor / outdoor interface

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