Investigating Information Systems Infusion and the Moderating Role of Habit: A User Empowerment Perspective

Organizations have made significant investments in information systems (IS) implementation. However, more than half of these IS implementations have reported failures due to underutilization. Although it is known that IS infusion is required for realizing expected returns on investments, most IS research has focused on initial adoption and continuance with only a handful examined infusion. These few IS infusion studies have produced inconclusive results as they have employed models and factors that are used for adoption and continued use. Compare to adoption and continuance, IS infusion requires authentic motivation of users. Thus, this study examines IS infusion using user empowerment as the authentic motivation based on the psychological empowerment theory which can explain employee’s behavior beyond management prescription. Results show that the four user empowerment dimensions have significant effects on the three IS infusion subtypes. Further, results show that habit attenuates the importance of user competence for extended use and integrative use but reinforces the importance of usage meaning for extended use and user self-determination for integrative use. This study advances our theoretical understanding of IS infusion and offers suggestions to organizations in achieving IS infusion

Infusing with ERP Systems: A Longitudinal Investigation of the Impact of Control and Empowerment

Organizations have made significant investments in ERP systems with the strategic expectation that employees will utilize this technology to enhance organizational performance. However, research indicates that ERP systems are under-utilized. In order to entangle the challenge of under-utilization, this paper addresses the impact of control and empowerment on infusion – the deep and comprehensive usage of an information system. We apply a longitudinal design with two measurements to research whether the level of infusion of ERP users changes over time, and if so to what extent. Moreover we hypothesize that ‘soft’ characteristics like the organizational position, organization commitment and trust influence the relation between control, empowerment and the level of infusion of the ERP user. A survey was conducted in a large public organization which has been using an ERP system for several years. A sample of 178 matched pairs (For T1 and T2) of ERP system users and their supervisors has been collected. In this research in progress we present the theoretical mechanisms and methodological framework we employed for the data collection

Examining Information Systems Infusion over the Routinization

Information systems (IS) infusion becomes important from the management perspective because organizations can leverage IS investment only at the IS infusion stage. The model for the stages of IS implementation explains that IS infusion can be achieved through IS routinization. This study examined how to achieve IS infusion through routinization based on application of the psychological empowerment theory and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), respectively. This study adds value to the IS literature by explaining how IS routinization leads to IS infusion and how their antecedents are different and related across the two stages. This study also provides guidance on how organizations can promote IS infusion beyond IS routinization, which then helps organizations leverage their IS investments

Factors Influencing the Infusion of Information Systems: A Literature Review

This paper presents a descriptive review of the information system (IS) infusion literature and proposes a structured framework of factors influencing IS infusion. The IS infusion stage, the last stage of IS implementation, is associated with IS implementation success and evidence suggests the depth of IS use leads to increased efficiency and effectiveness. Despite the introduction of the IS infusion concept in the late 1980s, we observe only a small number of empirical studies that examine factors influencing IS infusion at an organizational and an individual level. In addition, some studies show conflicting results and there is no framework to organize previous studies in a meaningful way. We believe that a descriptive review is an appropriate approach at the current state of IS infusion literature. Given the importance of IS infusion, it seems timely to develop a structured framework detailing all the key factors influencing IS infusion found in the extant literature. The framework is drawn from factors derived from theories used in previous IS infusion studies, such as the technology organization environment theory and the theory of planned behavior, to classify different types of influencing factors namely organization, technology, task-job, firm environment and the individual factors. This review paper facilitates further theory development in the IS infusion domain by highlighting under-researched areas, suggesting future directions, and providing a reference source and a classified framework for IS researchers interested in IS infusion. Available at: https://aisel.aisnet.org/pajais/vol8/iss1/2

Generativity of Business Intelligence Platforms: A Research Agenda Guided by Lessons from Shadow IT

To provide software platforms that are highly adjustable to users’ needs, recent literature proposes generativity, that is, platforms that may be supplemented in order to provide functionality that the designers of the platform did not have in mind. The research stream on generative platforms features a similar phenomenon as the research stream on shadow IT (SIT), because SIT also investigates supplements to integrated software-based systems that the designers of the software initially did not have in mind. Especially the domain of business intelligence (BI) is often flooded with SIT such as additional data marts and spreadsheets. However, while a wide body of literature has emerged that investigates SIT impacts, few, if any, studies examined generativity of platforms in general and BI platforms specifically. In this paper we present a literature review on positive and negative SIT impacts. Building on the results, we suggest a research agenda on generativity of BI platforms

Investigating Information System Infusion At The Individual Level: Re-Conceptualisation And Operationalization

Information Systems are the engine of many organizations, and investments are continuously made with the expectation that employees will utilize the technology to enhance performance. However, researchers have argued that the functional potential of systems are often under-utilized or not used effectively. There are calls for research that focuses on deep usage as opposed to ‘mere’ or ‘vapid’ use. This paper focuses on a deep usage, that is, infusion which is regarded as the ‘highest level of use’. The operational definition for infusion in the literature frequently echoes use to its full potential; however it remains unclear as to what defines full use and in what context should it be evaluated for individuals in organizations. Understandably, the complex, broad and abstract nature of infusion has contributed to inconsistencies in its measures; furthermore, there is a lack of theory applied in understanding its nature. This research proposes a mixed method approach to gain greater insights into the nature of infusion, in terms of the process by which individuals infuse, and its antecedents. The aim of this study is not to criticize extant research on infusion, but to advance our understanding from a theoretical and practical perspective

A User Commitment Approach to Information Systems Infusion

Many organizations have huge investments on information systems (IS) but are unable to achieve the maximum benefits expected. The IS infusion stage refers to the state of using IS to its full potential. IS infusion is a form of organizational citizenship behavior because full utilization of IS requires extra-role behaviors (i.e., IS use beyond the mandated usage) beyond intra-role behaviors (i.e., mandated IS usage). As commitment is a key driver of organizational citizenship behavior, IS infusion requires the user’s commitment to IS usage. This study investigates the development of user commitment from the socio-technical system design perspective and the effect of user commitment on IS infusion. We identified five constructs from the socio-technical system design (job fit, task competence, technology competence, self-determination with technology, and self-determination with task). A survey of 236 enterprise system users showed that user commitment has a positive effect on IS infusion. User commitment, in turn, is influenced by job fit, technology competence, and self-determination with task. This study contributes to IS infusion research by introducing the development of user commitment from the socio-technical system design perspective. Managers can promote user commitment in order to reach the infusion stage of fully utilizing information systems

System implementation: managing project and post project stage - case study in an Indonesian company

The research reported in this paper aims to get a better\ud understanding of how the implementation process of\ud enterprise systems (ES) can be managed, by studying the\ud process from an organisational perspective. A review of\ud the literature on previous research in ES implementation\ud has been carried out and the state of the art of ES\ud implementation research is defined. Using several body of\ud literature, an organisational view on ES implementation is\ud described, explaining that ES implementation involves\ud challenges from triple domain, namely technological\ud challenge, business process related challenge, and\ud organisational challenge. Based on the defined state of the\ud art and the organisational view on ES implementation\ud developed in this research, a research framework is\ud presented, addressing the project as well as the postproject\ud stage, and a number of essential issues within the\ud stages. System alignment, knowledge acquisition, change\ud mobilisation are the essntial issues to be studied in the\ud project stage while institutionalisation effort and\ud continuous improvement facilitation are to be studied in\ud the post-project stage. Case studies in Indonesian\ud companies are used to explain the framework