An exploration of IoT platform development

IoT (Internet of Things) platforms are key enablers for smart city initiatives, targeting the improvement of citizens\u27 quality of life and economic growth. As IoT platforms are dynamic, proactive, and heterogeneous socio-technical artefacts, systematic approaches are required for their development. Limited surveys have exclusively explored how IoT platforms are developed and maintained from the perspective of information system development process lifecycle. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of 63 approaches. This is accomplished by proposing an evaluation framework as a cornerstone to highlight the characteristics, strengths, and weaknesses of these approaches. The survey results not only provide insights of empirical findings, recommendations, and mechanisms for the development of quality aware IoT platforms, but also identify important issues and gaps that need to be addressed

Kwangju and Seoul sewerage project

노트 : - Implementation completion report on a loan in the amout of US$ 110 million equivalent to the Republic of Korea for a Kwangju and Seoul sewerage project- This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization

A view to a grill: Designing park infrastructure for Uusimaa parks

Deep relationships between people and the natural environment can be fostered in the smallest of interventions. This master’s thesis of Collaborative and Industrial Design explores the research, design, and construction of small infrastructure for a Finnish provincial park association. UUVI (short for Uudenmaan Virkistysalueyhdistys) is a government-funded organization with 37 nature reserves ranging in size from 1.1 to 450 hectares. In many of these parks infrastructure is deteriorating, and new day use shelters, fire sites, woodsheds, and signposts are needed. Grilling, hiking, foraging, and fishing are beloved summertime activities in Finnish culture and are cemented in law through the every-man’s rights enjoyed in the country. The Finnish relation-ship with nature is a deep and cultural one. This thesis explores how built park infrastructure can foster the cultural connection with nature in Finnish parks. Theoretical underpinnings of the nature-culture relationship are explored. Once seen in a dualistic manner, nature was seen to be a place absent of people. Since then, the understanding of nature in academic discourse has changed, and contemporary views of nature place humans within and part of it. Place can be defined as the space in which humans and landscape interact: where landscapes leave an impression on people and people leave an impression on the land. The benefits of nature experiences are well documented, and can be intentional or not. Ways in which park infrastructure can encourage and deepen nature experiences are explored. In this project, five different park elements are designed, each with varying amounts of input from the different stakeholders involved. A wood stove specifically designed for grilling was conceptualized by UUVI Field Manager Mikael Avellan, and re-dimensioned and drawn for this thesis. A large woodshed was also co-designed with Avellan and includes a sliding roof for easier refilling. Signpost, bench, and shelter designs were influenced heavily by user research conducted in Kopparnäs-Störsvik park, as well as continued input from UUVI staff with their considerable experi-ence. Research insights encouraged drawing the attention outwards from the shelters to promote incidental nature experiences; the use of more numerous but smaller shelters to disperse crowds; employing premium materials for longevity and to discourage vandalism; and the importance of accessibility. Detailed dimensioned drawings were created for each project element, and are now in the process of being prototyped and constructed by various manufacturers

Design Frames: A Narrative and Network Approach

In today's increasingly interconnected world, we are facing challenges that are unprecedented in complexity and scale. At the same time, there is a growing awareness about the inadequacy and obsolescence of old and "best practice" strategies for solving these vexing challenges. The inadequacy of solutions that work within existing frames of thought has generated a renewed interest in research on problem-solving and creativity. While originally initiated in cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence, research on the mechanisms underlying the creative process has become a central topic in a variety of other disciplines, such as management, business, and healthcare. As a result, public and private organizations are increasingly turning to designers to bring a fresh perspective to the challenges they are facing. As designers become more engaged in solving large-scale and intricate questions, the need for developing systematic approaches to design and their deployment in both design education and practice becomes more evident. Developing methods that function successfully within design environments requires a thorough understanding of problem-solving approaches in design. In recent years, a growing number of studies have addressed this question by investigating designers' working practices in the lab or in the field. One of the most influential concepts in studying the design process is the constructivist notion of "framing" (Schön, 1983) which suggests that the core activity in the design process is constructing a frame: a perspective or a point of view that allows the designers to tackle a problem in a vague and indefinite design situation. While the frame's concept has been central in studying the design process, its formal definition remains vague and unclear. This dissertation aims to shed new light on the concept of frame by proposing two models for systematically describing their structure. These models can be used to make the frames constructed during the design process more explicit by following their development throughout the design process. Building upon two language-based representation modes (stories and semantic networks), the models employed in this dissertation facilitate the description of frames and the analysis of the design process by tracking the shifts in the content and structure of frames. These models were utilized in three verbal protocol studies to investigate different aspects of framing in design. In these studies, we explored the strategies for managing the multiplicity of the frames (chapter 2), reframing process (chapter 3), and divergent and convergent patterns (chapter 4) during the design process. The contributions of this dissertation are both theoretical and practical. Models and results presented in this dissertation open up new paths future research on the use of framing in design, thereby informing design education and practice. Models presented in this work address the gap in the formal description of frames in the existing literature. The concepts of narrative and network show a flexible way to describe frames that can be utilized to identify and describe frames both qualitatively and quantitatively. On the other hand, the description of frames as a system of stories (narrative model) and concepts (network model) allows the frame to be analyzed on both meta-level (network and narratives) and the component level (concepts and stories). This systematic perspective suggests an interactive analysis of frames in which shifts in the frame level can be traced to the constituent elements of the design process and vice versa.PHDArchitectureUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163057/1/babaks_1.pd

William Mitchell Opinion - Volume 15, No. 3, January 1973

Selected Table of Contents The Prosecution Goes Forward, but: The Defense Never Rests / Stephen R. Bergerson Students Sorriest Sayings or What not to Write in a Law Exam / Roger S. Haydock Nationwide: Freshman Enrollment Drops What Rights do Prisoners\u27 Have? Stephen R. Bergerson John Doe\u27s Thoughts on the Justice System / Jean Schleh The Wentangone Papers / Larry Meuwissen Editorial Board Stephen R. Bergerson, Kay Silvermanhttps://open.mitchellhamline.edu/the-opinion/1027/thumbnail.jp

Current, October 07, 1976

https://irl.umsl.edu/current1970s/1191/thumbnail.jp

Red Sea, White Tides, and Blue Horizons

Eric Hobsbawm, in his effort to explain the fundamental divide which produced the Second World War, convincingly argues that “the crucial lines in this civil war were not drawn between capitalism as such and communist social revolution, but between ideological families: on the one hand the descendants of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment and the great revolutions including, obviously the Russian revolution’, on the other hand, its opponents.” This thesis argues that the American Civil War was a “great revolution” that represented a crucial transformative point in the formation of these two waring factions. The struggle was especially influential on the theory of Karl Marx, who declared in the preface to the First German Edition to Capital Volume I, that “As in the 18th century, the American war of independence sounded the tocsin for the European middle class, so that in the 19th century, the American Civil War sounded it for the European working class.” The death of slavery in the United States was not a inevitability, but the result of intense political struggle that emerged from a foundational material contradiction of North American settler colonialism and subsequent capitalist development which dramatically reshaped the transnational ideological dialectic between the forces for and against the rule of the masses

Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationThis study is an exploration of an environmental context that is becoming increasingly prevalent: environmental nongovernmental organizations (ENGOs). The focus of this analysis is Rare, an international ENGO that sponsors conservation and sustainability initiatives in developing nations. Rare employs a unique methodology for promoting environmental awareness and engagement that involves a focus on localized strategies that are respondent to the barriers or needs of particular communities and populations. The organization's primary initiative, known as the Pride Campaign, emphasizes a combination of local knowledge, social marketing, rhetoric, and behavior change strategies to promote community-driven environmental engagement. This analysis draws on structuration theory and structurating activity theory to make sense of how members of the organization negotiate their identity, as well as the social and structural constraints evident in organizational conflict as the organization continues to grow. Activity system contradictions emerge on several levels including the ways in which members are responding to the implementation of a new communication protocol, increasing uncertainty about program curriculum, and tensions between the organization's mission to focus on localization and upward scaling. By focusing on the tensions that exist within and across Rare as an organization, this study extends current theoretical and praxiological approaches to environmental organizing